A “Toolbox” for Forensic Engineers

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Fraudulent Insurance Claims 357 Figure 11.4 Side view of broken big end. Notice the right-hand bolt (arrow) is bent, the other straight. Figure 11.5 Holes, dents and scratches on underside of sump cover. The owner’s handbook for the vehicle gave the engine oil capacity as 11 pints (5.75 L). The leakage rate through the hole was tested by pouring 2 L of hot engine oil into the sump and measuring the time for 1 L to run through the hole. This was found to be 22 sec. Hence assuming the sump contained
358 Forensic Materials Engineering: Case Studies 5 L at the time of the incident, the engine could have run for over 110 sec before experiencing significant distress. During that period the car running at 40 mph would have covered just over 1 mile, so the engine could hardly have been starved of oil if the sump was perforated only about 1 / 4 mile before the car was brought to rest, as the plaintiff stated. The claim was rejected. Although the insurance company could have taken legal action it canceled the policy and advised the insured that he would need to obtain coverage in the future from a different underwriter. 11.4 Three-Car Road Accident Three insurance companies received “write off” claims, two of them very substantial, for three vehicles involved in a collision at dusk on a wet evening. The accident was said to have occurred at a ‘T’ junction on country roads having no curbs and with wide, soft margins. The major road had a white centerline but the minor road, and another almost directly opposite, had only stop lines. There was no street lighting. Car A was a small family sedan, car B a large, luxurious sedan and car C a high performance sports convertible with a soft top. Figure 11.6 represents what is supposed to have happened and summarizes what all three claimants told their respective insurers. (This incident happened in the U.K. where cars have right-hand drive and keep to the left of the road.) Car B had pulled up at the stop line on the minor road and was intending to turn left. Car A had been following some distance behind but the driver said that although the road was straight it was undulating and, because it was raining the windshield kept steaming up and he was fiddling with his headlight switch, so he did not realize car B had stopped until it was too late to avoid a collision. He said he panicked and accidentally pressed the accelerator instead of the brake and ran into the back of car B, pushing it into the major road. Car C was traveling fairly quickly along the major road from the right, rounding a slight left bend lined by hedges that did not allow a clear view of any vehicle turning out from the minor road until almost upon them. However, drivers of both cars B and C were familiar with this junction and, indeed, traveled these roads frequently because they were members of the same golf club nearby. The plaintiffs’ descriptions of what happened were consistent. Car A had run into the back of the much heavier car B and pushed it more than halfway across the major road. The driver of car C said he was unable to avoid a collision and his car struck the driver’s door of car B and then bounced up into the air, turning over and landing upright on its wheels on the right side grass verge further down the road. The driver of car A said he saw the sports
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
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Preface Case studies of product fai
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could not be simpler in shape, they
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Acknowledgments We thank The Open U
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The Authors Peter R. Lewis, Ph.D.,
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Laboratories of Imperial College of
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3 Establishing the Load Transfer Pa
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6.5.2 A Problem in Eire 197 6.5.3 M
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9.4.2 Failure in Femoral Stem of To
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13.3.7 Design Development Sequence
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Materials in Distress 2.1 Introduct
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Materials in Distress 27 It is usef
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Materials in Distress 29 (A) Unload
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Materials in Distress 31 1. Flowing
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Materials in Distress 33 to compens
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Materials in Distress 35 Fracture o
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Materials in Distress 37 Force A Fr
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Materials in Distress 43 Figure 2.8
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Materials in Distress 49 Stress Amp
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Accidents in the Workplace 255 8 De
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Accidents in the Workplace 257 ensu
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Accidents in the Workplace 259 4. F
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Accidents in the Workplace 261 is a
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Accidents in the Workplace 263 Figu
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Failure of Medical Implements 9.1 I
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