A “Toolbox” for Forensic Engineers

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Failure of Storage Vessels 241 Figure 7.26 Sectioned tank showing inward creep on walls and thicker buttresses. resistance to creep. The extra cost of the material and labor-intensive processing is more than justified by the longer life of a product, which could prove extremely expensive in replacing after fitment and collapse. 7.6 Failure of Large Storage Tanks This case study is based on an investigation carried out after catastrophic failure of the virtually new tank that had been installed at the premises of a
242 Forensic Materials Engineering: Case Studies Partition Wall Bund Wall Overflow W 3 Outside Wall Pipework Sight Tube Short Panel Compressor Equipment Caustic Jet Figure 7.27 Plan of caustic soda tank welded together from polypropylene panels to form a 2.7-m-diameter tank. The jet of caustic soda emerged from the weld line of the lowest unreinforced panel and crossed the bund wall intended to inhibit escape of fluid from the tank. small business manufacturing “dairy detergent.” 5,6 This detergent is a dilute solution of caustic soda to which various other chemicals are added to aid the cleansing effect when flushing out dairy equipment on farms, for example. Concentrated (40%) caustic soda is the basic raw material for the final product, and just four deliveries had been made to the factory when the failure occurred in late 1994. Each delivery involved complete filling of the tank by a full load. The failure fortunately occurred after the work shift had left for the day, and it was spotted by the production director, who was alone in the office above the factory floor. He heard a “bang” followed by the sound of “rain” and, looking out onto the factory floor, saw a jet of fluid shooting across the open space (Figure 7.27). The protective wall around the tank completely failed to constrict the fluid, which ran along the floor and into an adjacent unit that printed tachograph discs. Here the damage was extensive as specialist printing equipment was attacked and wrecked. The local fire deparment was called on to contain the fluid and prevent escape into the outer environment. Eventually a specialist recovery team company was hired to remove the fluid. W 4 W 2 W 1
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
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Preface Case studies of product fai
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could not be simpler in shape, they
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Acknowledgments We thank The Open U
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The Authors Peter R. Lewis, Ph.D.,
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Laboratories of Imperial College of
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3 Establishing the Load Transfer Pa
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6.5.2 A Problem in Eire 197 6.5.3 M
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9.4.2 Failure in Femoral Stem of To
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13.3.7 Design Development Sequence
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2 Forensic Materials Engineering: C
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Materials in Distress 2.1 Introduct
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Materials in Distress 27 It is usef
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Materials in Distress 29 (A) Unload
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Materials in Distress 31 1. Flowing
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Materials in Distress 33 to compens
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Materials in Distress 35 Fracture o
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Materials in Distress 37 Force A Fr
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Materials in Distress 39 Such fract
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Materials in Distress 41 somewhat b
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Materials in Distress 43 Figure 2.8
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Materials in Distress 49 Stress Amp
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Materials in Distress 53 solutions.
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Materials in Distress 59 short time
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Intellectual Property Cases 13.1 In
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A “Toolbox” for Forensic Engineers

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