PALESTINIAN SOCIETY - Fafo

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<strong>PALESTINIAN</strong> <strong>SOCIETY</strong> In Gaza, West Bank and Arab Jerusalem A Survey of Living Conditions Authored by Marianne Heiberg Geir Øvensen Helge Brunborg Rita Giacaman Rema Hammami Neil Hawkins Hasan Abu Libdeh Camilla Stoltenberg Salim Tamari Steinar Tamsfoss Ole Fr. Ugland Lars Weiseth Special adviser Knud Knudsen FAFO-report 151
Page 1: Marianne Heiberg and Geir Øvensen
Page 5 and 6: Contents Preface ..................
Page 7 and 8: Chapter 10 Women in Palestinian Soc
Page 9 and 10: particular concems. Then there was
Page 11 and 12: Badia Khreishy, Akram Shaaban el Ei
Page 13 and 14: Introduction Marianne Heiberg Parts
Page 15 and 16: equires an acute understanding of t
Page 17 and 18: occupation on the lives of Palestin
Page 19 and 20: - Women' s work load & types of wor
Page 21 and 22: power and causal understandings of
Page 23 and 24: Chapter 1 The Transformation of Pal
Page 25 and 26: Urban-Rural Disparities The social
Page 27 and 28: thatdisposable income has dec1ined
Page 29 and 30: in the hands of the J ordanian Dist
Page 31 and 32: have been to place the Palestinian
Page 33 and 34: Land confiscation and demolition of
Page 35: 23 For a discussion of these issues
Page 38 and 39: socio-economic groups. Certain welf
Page 40 and 41: The Israeli occupation of the West
Page 42 and 43: with regard to population dens it y
Page 44 and 45: while Nablus, the most populous are
Page 46 and 47: the population in the occupied terr
Page 48 and 49: "only" 37% aged 14 years or younger
Page 50 and 51: males and females are stable. This
Page 52 and 53:
sector suffers from lack of estimat
Page 54 and 55:
Questionnaire Limitations Some impo
Page 56 and 57:
which ranges from 100 when there is
Page 58 and 59:
Conclusion Every measure we have us
Page 60 and 61:
women marry and have their first ch
Page 62 and 63:
treated better than girIs, as morta
Page 64 and 65:
Fertility Introduction The Palestin
Page 66 and 67:
The PIF Ratio Method uses the numbe
Page 68 and 69:
Population Projections Introduction
Page 70 and 71:
Basic Assumptions The projections a
Page 72 and 73:
Three assumptioris conceming net an
Page 74 and 75:
however, an unlikely development. I
Page 76 and 77:
Table 2. 19 Dependency ratios at ye
Page 78 and 79:
1,885,070 persons. This estimate di
Page 80 and 81:
Jerusalem for at least the past 4 m
Page 82 and 83:
currently working on a set of popul
Page 84 and 85:
which in turn were subdivided into
Page 86 and 87:
Privacy and housing density The usu
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oom. One person or less is consider
Page 90 and 91:
Based on survey data con- Table 3.
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of hospital it Y , the comfort prov
Page 94 and 95:
However, the numberofhouseholds who
Page 96 and 97:
Housing and Safety with Regard to C
Page 98 and 99:
Conclusion So far the elements that
Page 101 and 102:
Chapter 4 Health Rita Giacaman Cami
Page 103 and 104:
tional disability and utilization o
Page 105 and 106:
Prolonged Illness and Handicaps All
Page 107 and 108:
the population of 12% for men and 1
Page 109 and 110:
etween the West Bank (32%), Gaza (2
Page 111 and 112:
correlation between somatic illness
Page 113 and 114:
Smoking is the sole risk factor cov
Page 115 and 116:
nationally it is often found that w
Page 117 and 118:
nities in the Jerusalem and 53% in
Page 119 and 120:
Health Insurance All respondents ha
Page 121 and 122:
Stress and Health Most illnesses ha
Page 123 and 124:
The present study may provide a bas
Page 125 and 126:
High Degrees of Distress The freque
Page 127 and 128:
geographical area they belong to. L
Page 129 and 130:
Conclusion Patterns and prevalences
Page 131 and 132:
define themselves as ill, they tend
Page 133 and 134:
Chapter 5 Education Marianne Heiber
Page 135 and 136:
fmnly under Israeli jurisdiction. 3
Page 137 and 138:
Figure 5.2 Adult literacy rates by
Page 139 and 140:
cally and, second, Palestinian fami
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for leaving school. The same is tru
Page 143 and 144:
mobility becomes clearerwhen the di
Page 145 and 146:
leisure activities. In short, a maj
Page 147 and 148:
or, more precisely, household posit
Page 149 and 150:
However, certain beliefs conceming
Page 151 and 152:
choice? The survey asks women if th
Page 153 and 154:
pendent resources gained through in
Page 155 and 156:
gender gap exists. Interestingly, i
Page 157 and 158:
Chapter 6 Household Income and Weal
Page 159 and 160:
income levels were adjusted, notwit
Page 161 and 162:
policy measures then more easily ca
Page 163 and 164:
A clear difference in household wea
Page 165 and 166:
Altogether, in all three main regio
Page 167 and 168:
Meat consumption is not higher in r
Page 169 and 170:
incame. Figure 6.7 also reveals tha
Page 171 and 172:
holds. Figure 6. 11 shows that Gaza
Page 173 and 174:
importance of the Head of Household
Page 175 and 176:
Figure 6. 15 Percentage ofhousehold
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the inverse effect of the one found
Page 179 and 180:
Conclusion The primary goal of this
Page 181 and 182:
assurne that refugee camp dwellings
Page 183 and 184:
Chapter 7 Employment and Under-util
Page 185 and 186:
activities like unpaid work in fami
Page 187 and 188:
social strata, other groups have ex
Page 189 and 190:
participation. Measurement problems
Page 191 and 192:
the first part of the chapter was o
Page 193 and 194:
nant week, but also actively have s
Page 195 and 196:
Figure 7.8 reveals great regional v
Page 197 and 198:
Use of the Labour Force in the Occu
Page 199 and 200:
chapter. Of particular interest, in
Page 201 and 202:
Employment Characteristics of the L
Page 203 and 204:
Israeli authorities maintain that t
Page 205 and 206:
Figure 7.22 finally illustrates how
Page 207 and 208:
occupied territories, workers from
Page 209 and 210:
Figure 7. 28 Daily two-way travel t
Page 211 and 212:
clothes, workin afamily shop or bus
Page 213 and 214:
increase in labour force participat
Page 215 and 216:
and among the well educated are pro
Page 217 and 218:
participation rate for men with O y
Page 219 and 220:
43 A Palestinian worker seeking leg
Page 221 and 222:
of the survey. Even if some of thes
Page 223 and 224:
Chapter 8 Aspects of Social Stratif
Page 225 and 226:
she rate hislher influence within t
Page 227 and 228:
most unfavourable position can be d
Page 229 and 230:
itively, indicating that "privilege
Page 231 and 232:
Age and sex In the absenee of any f
Page 233 and 234:
quick rise at the lower end of the
Page 235 and 236:
categories in the fonner regions wh
Page 237 and 238:
e fruitful to examine in more detai
Page 239 and 240:
examined, and then related to the a
Page 241 and 242:
contributions of one's kin, this be
Page 243 and 244:
underlying conflict pattern. Furthe
Page 245 and 246:
under occupation these networks are
Page 247 and 248:
DENSITY (Persons per room) Status c
Page 249 and 250:
30 Converse, P.E: The Nature of Bel
Page 251 and 252:
Chapter 9 Opinions and Attitudes Ma
Page 253 and 254:
same attitudes conceming the roles
Page 255 and 256:
greater between the regions than be
Page 257 and 258:
age. The survey data shows two exce
Page 259 and 260:
In comparison to the results of an
Page 261 and 262:
undeveloped in Palestinian society
Page 263 and 264:
Table 9. 7 Religiosity index by eco
Page 265 and 266:
Among women education is associated
Page 267 and 268:
eligious activists than non-religio
Page 269 and 270:
loyalty and the primary detenninant
Page 271 and 272:
ff examined together, the data indi
Page 273 and 274:
Surprisingly perhaps, Gaza male cam
Page 275 and 276:
tinians. The 9% support of Arabism
Page 277 and 278:
Table 9. 10 Ultimate loyalty by arr
Page 279 and 280:
Table 9. 11 Appraisal oflife coruli
Page 281 and 282:
Despite the vast expansion of educa
Page 283 and 284:
population in general believe in a
Page 285 and 286:
Chapter 10 Women in Palestinian Soc
Page 287 and 288:
women' s issues; and their sense of
Page 289 and 290:
fonns of support for married women
Page 291 and 292:
coupled with the deteriorating econ
Page 293 and 294:
The increase in age at marriage is
Page 295 and 296:
Table 10.6 In the choice of a girls
Page 297 and 298:
Historically, inheritance daes not
Page 299 and 300:
saleable jewelry. Table 10.11 repre
Page 301 and 302:
ability to get monetary support inc
Page 303 and 304:
More important perhaps, is the natu
Page 305 and 306:
Table 10.18 shows perceptions of pe
Page 307 and 308:
unmarried women are significantly r
Page 309 and 310:
most dearwhen looking attheirrespon
Page 311 and 312:
women's appropriate working role in
Page 313 and 314:
Notes I Manasrah, Najah. Early Marr
Page 315 and 316:
Appendix A Sampling Strategy Steina
Page 317 and 318:
accuracy of the Benvenisti proporti
Page 319 and 320:
2 Gaza Strip Sample Design The desi
Page 321 and 322:
there were severaI main entrances,
Page 323 and 324:
7 Sample of IndividuaIs and Females
Page 325 and 326:
Except for the constant C l, all th
Page 327 and 328:
combinations of sub-district and st
Page 329 and 330:
procedures operate exactly as for G
Page 331 and 332:
Having thus decided the number of s
Page 333 and 334:
The proeedures for seleeting housin
Page 335 and 336:
Inclusion Probabilities Aeeording t
Page 337 and 338:
ff the variable is defined accordin
Page 339 and 340:
Secondly, we will go into more deta
Page 341 and 342:
was applied in order to COITect rni
Page 343 and 344:
The design factor is usually deterr
Page 345 and 346:
We will assume that the estimate P1
Page 347 and 348:
Notes l Benvenisti, M. & Khayat, S.
Page 349 and 350:
survey. Finding a comprornise that
Page 351 and 352:
theoretical training course to prep
Page 353 and 354:
to the main office in Ramallah. The
Page 355 and 356:
As FAFO wished to create aclimate o
Page 357 and 358:
Appendix C Proeessing of Data Geir
Page 359 and 360:
Most violations of the legal ranges
Page 361 and 362:
Appendix A.2 Tables A2.1 Distributi
Page 363 and 364:
A2.3 Age distribution by region and
Page 365 and 366:
A2.5 Age distribution in Gaza and t
Page 367 and 368:
A2. 7 Household composition by refu
Page 369 and 370:
A2.9 Household composition by age o
Page 371 and 372:
Appendix A.6 Tables (UNW = Unweight
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A6.3Householdwealthin Gazaandthe We
Page 375 and 376:
A6.5 Household weekly meat consumpt
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A6. 7 Change in household income si
Page 379 and 380:
A6.9 Head of Household labour incom
Page 381 and 382:
A6.11 Household income types by Hea
Page 383 and 384:
A6. 13 Fercent of households receiv
Page 385 and 386:
Appendix A.7 Labour Table Appendix
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tions from the labour force framewo
Page 389 and 390:
month during the preceding year. Fi
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Household wealth Male Female Arab O
Page 393 and 394:
Household wealth Men West Total NUN
Page 395 and 396:
Table A.7.6 Full-time and part-time
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Table A.7.7 Full-time and part-time
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Table A. 7.9 Labour force members b
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TableA.7. J J Male labourforcemembe
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Table A. 7. 13 Main employment of l
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Table A. 7. 14 Main employment of l
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Table A. 7. 16 Distribution of labo
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. Table A. 7. 18 Labourforce member
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Number of jobs last year 1 job 2-4
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TableA.7.2I Comparative composition
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Table A. 7.23 Labourforce participa
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Table A. 7.25 Labourforce members b
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Table A. 7.27 Labourforce members w
Page 421 and 422:
Table A. 7.29 Weekly time use fo r
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