12.07.2015 Views

Tema 3: Resolución de sistemas mediante determinantes

Tema 3: Resolución de sistemas mediante determinantes

Tema 3: Resolución de sistemas mediante determinantes

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°¢£a) x + y – z = 012x – 3y – 2z = 0x – 2y + z = 0(1 1 –1)A = 1 –2 112 –3 –2Como | A |1 –2= 0 y | | = –3 ? 0, entonces, ran (A) = 2.–2 1El sistema es compatible in<strong>de</strong>terminado. Para resolverlo, po<strong>de</strong>mos prescindir<strong>de</strong> la 3. a ecuación y pasar la z al segundo miembro:x + y = zx – 2y = –zz 11 z–z –2 –z z 1 –z –2zx = = = ; y = = =–3 –3 3 –3 –3Soluciones: x =l, y =2l, z = l3 3b) 9x + 3y + 2z = 03x – y + z = 08x + y + 4z = 0x + 2y – 2z = 0Como|9 3 2|3 –1 18 1 4°§°§§¢§£| |A =9 3 23 –1 18 1 4(1 2 –2= –35 ? 0, entonces: ran (A) = 3 = n.° <strong>de</strong> incógnitasEl sistema solo tiene la solución trivial: x = 0, y = 0, z = 0)°§¢§¢§£x + y – z = 0x – 2y + z = 012x – 3y – 2z = 0£| |2z319 Expresa en forma matricial y resuelve utilizando la matriz inversa:° x + 3y – z = –1° x – y = 2§a) ¢b) ¢ x – y – z = –1£ 2x – y = 0§£ 2x + y + 3z = 5a) x – y = 2 1 –1 x 2 )A =( ) ) , X =(, C =2x – y = 0 2 –1 y ( 01 –1 )x )2( ) ·(=(8 A · X = C 8 A –1 · A · X = A –1 · C 8 X = A –1 · C2 –1 y 0°¢£Calculamos A –1 :| A | = 1 ? 0 8 Existe A –1a ijÄÄÄ8 Adj (A) ÄÄÄ8 (Adj (A)) t 1ÄÄÄ8 (Adj (A)) t| A|–1 2 –1 –2 –1 1 –1 1( )))8( ) 8(8(= A –1–1 1 1 1 –2 1 –2 136Unidad 3. <strong>Resolución</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>sistemas</strong> <strong>mediante</strong> <strong>de</strong>terminantes

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