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Hempel, G. 1985. On the biology of polar seas, particularly the Southern Ocean. In: Marine biology of polar regions and effects of stress on marine organisms, Gray JS & Christiansen, ME (Eds.). Chichester, UK, pp. 3-33. Hiller, A, Wand, U, Kämpf, H & Stackebrandt, W. 1988. Occupation of the Antarctic continent by petrels during the past 35000 years: inferences from a 14 C study of stomach oil deposits. Polar Biology 9: 69-77. Hinke, JT, Salwicka, K, Trivelpiece, SG, Watters, GM & Trivelpiece, WZ. 2007. Divergent responses of Pygoscelis penguins reveal a common environmental driver. Oecologia 153: 845-855. Hobson, KA, Piatt, JF & Pitocchelli, J. 1994. Using stable isotopes to determine seabird trophic relationships. Journal of Animal Ecology 63: 786-798. Hodum, PJ & Hobson, KA. 2000. Trophic relationships among Antarctic fulmarine petrels: insights into dietary overlap and chick provisioning strategies inferred from stable isotope (δ 15 N and δ 13 C ) analyses. Marine Ecology Progress Series 198: 273-281. Hsieh, C-H, Glaser, SM, Lucas, AJ & Sugihara, G. 2005. Distinguishing random environmental fluctuations from ecological catastrophes for the North Pacific Ocean. Nature 435: 336-340. Hubold, G. 1985. The early life-history of the high Antarctic silverfish, Pleuragramma antarcticum. In: Antarctic Nutrient Cycles and Food Webs, Siegfried, WR, Condy, PR & Laws, RM (Eds.). Springer, Berlin, pp. 445-451. Hughes, L. 2000. Biological consequences of global warming: is the signal already apparent? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15: 56-61. Hulme, PE. 2005. Adapting to climate change: is there scope for ecological management in the face of a global threat? Journal of Applied Ecology 42: 784-794. Hüppop, O & Hüppop, K. 2003. North Atlantic Oscillation and timing of spring migration in birds. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 270: 233-240. Hyrenbach, KD & Veit, RR. 2003. Ocean warming and seabird communities of the southern California Current System (1987-98): response at multiple temporal scales. Deep-Sea Research II 50: 2537-2565. Imhoff, ML, Bounoua, L, Ricketts, T, Loucks, C, Harriss, R & Lawrence, WT. 2004. Global patterns in human consumption of net primary production. Nature 429: 870-873. Inchausti, P & Weimerskirch, H. 2002. Dispersal and metapopulation dynamics of an oceanic seabird, the wandering albatross, and its consequences for its response to long-line fisheries. Journal of Animal Ecology 71: 765-770. Inchausti, P, Guinet, C, Koudil, M, Durbec, J-P, Barbraud, C, Weimerskirch, H, Cherel, Y & Jouventin, P. 2003. Inter-annual variability in the breeding performance of seabirds in relation to oceanographic anomalies that affect the Crozet and the Kerguelen sectors of the Southern Ocean. Journal of Avian Biology 34: 170-176. IUCN. 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of threatened species. Jacobs, SS, Giulivi, CF & Mele, PA. 2002. Freshening of the Ross Sea during the late 20 th century. Science 297: 386-389. Jaksic, FM. 2001. Ecological effects of El Niño in terrestrial ecosystems of western South America. Ecography 24: 241-250. Jansen, E, Overpeck, J, Briffa, KR, Duplessy, J-C, Joos, F, Masson-Delmotte, V, Olago, D, Otto-Bliesner, B, Peltier, WR, Rahmstorf, S, Ramesh, R, Raynaud, D, Rind, D, Solomina, O, Villalba, R & Zhang, D. 2007. Paleoclimate. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to 100
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Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse
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Remerciements Remerciements C’est
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Fonction actuelle : Chargé de rech
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Barbraud, C., Delord, K., Marteau,
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Tourenq, C., Barbraud, C., Sadoul,
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Barbraud, C., Arnassant, S. & Grill
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Septembre 2005. Participation à l
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dimorphique : le cas du Flamant ros
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B Synthèse ynthèse des activités
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1 Un Un monde monde changeant chang
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11 années, semble par ailleurs ind
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2 Ça a s’accélère Comme ce ser
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intensifiée depuis environ 500 ans
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Figure 9. Changements phénologique
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Jusqu’à maintenant, la plupart d
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Figure 13. Tendances parallèles en
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Cependant, très peu d’études av
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6 Deuxième Deuxième partie partie
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production primaire qui limite la l
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• Une diminution de l’étendue
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avec des changements d’étendue d
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La communauté Antarctique d’oise
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Derrière les chalutiers, oiseaux e
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L’ensemble de ces données sont c
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