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Annexe IV _____________________________________________ nature results obtained in experimental conditions, even if the righting response seems to be a good candidate to be an index of fitness in aquatic turtles. We therefore encourage studies where laboratory studies are combined with field experiments. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank the staff of “la Ferme aux Crocodiles” and “l’Association Tortues Passion”, especially Luc Fougeirolle, Didier Touzet and Bernard Boussac to their assistance in collecting the eggs. We also thank Claude Pieau for his help in sexing juvenile turtles and Antoine Cadi for its valuable knowledge on Trachemys scripta elegans in France. Many thanks to Lionel Saunois, Annick Ambroise and Sandrine Fontaine for technical and field assistance. Benjamin Genton and Elena Angulo provided invaluable assistance on the statistical analyses conducted herein. Finally, we acknowledge Philippe Rivalan, Jean-Michel Guillon, Ivan Gomez-Mestre and Romain Barnard for constructive comments on various drafts of the manuscript. 19
Annexe IV _____________________________________________ LITERATURE CITED S. J. Arnold. 1983. Morphology, performance and fitness. American Zoologist 23: 347-361. G. M. Ashmore and F. J. Janzen. 2003. Phenotypic variation in smooth softshell turtles (Apalone mutica) from eggs incubated in constant versus fluctuating temperatures. Oecologia 134: 182-188. F. Brana and X. Ji. 2000. Influence of incubation temperature on morphology, locomotor performance, and early growth of hatchling Wall lizards (Podarcis muralis). Journal of Experimental Zoology 286: 422-433. R. J. Brooks, M. L. Bobyn, D. A. Galbraith, J. A. Layfield and E. G. Nancekivell. 1991. Maternal and environmental influences on growth and survival of embryonic and hatchling snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina). Canadian Journal of Zoology 69: 2667-2676. J. J. Bull. 1980. Sex determination in reptiles. Quarterly Review of Biology 55: 3-21. J. Burger. 1976. Behavior of hatchling diamonback terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin) in the field. Copeia 1976: 742-748. J. Burger. 1989. Incubation temperature has long-term effects on behaviour of young pine snakes (Pituophis melanoleucus). Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 28: 297-303. J. Burger, C. Carruth-Hinchey, J. Ondroff, M. McMahon, J. W. Gibbons and M. Gochfeld. 1998. Effects of lead on behavior, growth, and survival of hatchling slider turtles. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 55: 495-502. K. P. Burnham and D. R. Anderson. 1998. Model selection and inference: A pratical information-theoric approach. New York: Springer. J. Clobert, A. Oppliger, G. Sorci, B. Ernande, J. G. Swallow and T. J. Garland. 2000. Trade-off in phenotypic traits: endurance at birth, growth, survival, predation and susceptibility to parasitism in a lizard, Lacerta vivipara. Functional Ecology 14: 675-684. J. D. Congdon, R. D. Nagle, A. E. Dunham, C. W. Beck, O. M. Kinney and S. R. Yeomans. 1999. The relationship of body size to survivorship of hatchling snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina): an evaluation of the "bigger is better" hypothesis. Oecologia 121: 224- 235. M. J. Crawley. 1993. Glim for Ecologist. Oxford: Oxford University Press. A. J. Cullum. 1998. Sexual dimorphism in physiological performance of whiptail lizards (Genus Cnemidophorus). Physiological Zoology 71: 541-552. 20
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N° d’ordre : UNIVERSITE PARIS-SU
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Remerciements Je remercie tout d’
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I - La tortue à tempes rouges, un
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TABLE DES ANNEXES A. Supplementary
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ANNEXE II ASSESSMENT OF PATTERNS OF
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