Agrárias INCT – Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia INCT – Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia Agrárias Marisa Vieira de Queiroz, Raul Narciso Carvalho Guedes, Renato de Oliveira Resende, Rogelio Lopes Brandão, Sergio Herminio Brommonschenkel, Simone da Graça Ribeiro, Wellington Garcia Campos Main research topics We are studying the initial signaling mechanisms during plant/microbe interactions primarily using geminivirus infection both in the model system Arabidopsis and in crop plants. Our research also focuses on elucidating the molecular basis for interaction of other detrimental organisms, such as fungi and insects, with their plant hosts. A deeper understanding of these interactions during plant infection or infestation will enable researchers to breed for or engineer superior crops. 2. Lopes et al. 2010. Journal of Insect Physiology (DOI: 10.1016/j. jinsphys.2010.02.020) 3. Silva et al. 2010. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B 155: 12-19. 4. Aragão FJ, Faria JC. 2009. Nature Biotechnology 2009 27(12):1086-8. 5. Santos et al. 2009. PLoS ONE 4, e5781. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0005781 6. Alves Junior et al. 2009. Virology 387, 257-266. doi:10.1016/j. virol.2009.01.046 states and others countries, is to develop scientific and technological background for identification, synthesis and use of semiochemicals (insects and plants) in Brazilian agriculture. At same time the Institute intends to contribute to the regional balance of this research area in Brazil, with emphasis of development of human resources and training of young researchers. National Institute of Science and Technology of Tropical Fruits – INCT-FT Management committee Narendra Narain (Coordinator) Sueli Rodrigues (Vice-coordinator) Edy Sousa de Brito Fabiano André Narciso Fernandes Gustavo Adolfo Saavedra Pinto Jane de Jesus da Silveira Moreira Contacts Summary of achievements and perspectives The results obtained by the INCT of Semiochemicals in Agriculture during the first year of activities should result in solutions for problems which afflict Brazilian agribusiness. An example which could be cited as an example is BIOAGRO/Universidade Federal de Viçosa the case of ‘greening’ in citrus, where research developed with its vector, the 36570.000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil psyllid, Diaphorina citri, show that the volatiles studied in Brazil can solve e-mail: bbfontes@ufv.br, bethfontes@funarbe.org.br, bethfontes@ this problem which threatens to destroy the Brazilian citrus industry. This Associated Institutions Summary of achievements and perspectives pq.cnpq.br research is also about to result in a patent in collaboration with Fundecitrus UFS; UFC; EMBRAPA-CNPAT With respect to the major topic of geminivirus-host interactions we have Fone: +55-31-38992949; +55-31-38997320 and the Valencian Institute of Agrarian Research from Spain. Also, the results achieved relevant progresses in understanding the mechanisms of virus Fax: +55-31-38992864 obtained for the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis, which have the aim Main researchers intracellular movement, diversity of begomovirus in the Brazilian territory http://www.inctipp.net of identifying and synthesizing a sexual pheromone for this pest for use is Elma Regina Silva de Andrade, Jane de Jesus da Silveira Moreira, Marcelo and the molecular bases by which geminivirus subvert the defense stra- biological control for its control, demonstrates the advance of the research. Augusto Gutierrez Carnelossi, Maria Aparecida Azevedo Pereira da Silva, tegies of plant hosts. Regarding geminivirus-acquired resistance our team However, among the objectives of the INCT of Agricultural Semiochemicals, Mércia de Sousa Galvão, Narendra Narain, Fabiano André Narciso Fer- was the first one to demonstrate geminivirus immunity and obtain the first the formation of a network and highly-trained human resources, can also nandes, José Maria Correia da Costa, Maria Isabel Gallão, Maria Raquel transgenic geminivirus-resistant plant in the field. We are now in position contribute to the maintenance of quality and advances in Brazilian science. Alcântara de Miranda, Sueli Rodrigues, Carlos Farley Herbster Moura, to transfer the resistance molecular strategy to other relevant crops. Deborah dos Santos Garruti, Ebenézer de Oliveira Silva, Edy Sousa de By using genomic information, we have also identified more than fifty genes Main publications Brito, Gustavo Adolfo Saavedra Pinto, Henriette Monteiro Cordeiro de that encode proteins (effectors) secreted by rust fungi during compatible Nava, D.E.; Gomez-Torres, M.L.; Rodrigues, M.D.; Bento, J.M.S.; Haddad, Azeredo, Ricardo Elesbão Alves interactions with eucalyptus, coffee and soybean. Agrobacterium-mediated M.L.; Parra, J.R.P. 2010. The effects of host, geographic origin, and gender transient assays are now being conducted to identify proteins that are on the thermal requirements of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Main research topics secreted into the plant cell and recognized by coffee, eucalyptus and soybean Environmental Entomology, 39(2):678-684. • Biotechnological Processes (enzyme maceration, probiotics, prebiotics resistance proteins. This knowledge will allow us to identify natural resistance Bergmann, J.; Gonzales, A.; Zarbin, P.H.G. 2009. Insect Pheromone Research obtained by enzymatic synthesis) genes that are able to provide broad spectrum and durable rust resistance, in South America. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 20: 1206-1219. • Drying Technology (ultrasound as pre-treatment for drying of fruits) and to test if we can obtain broad spectrum rust resistance by expressing in Lima, Eraldo R.; McNeil, Jeremy N. 2009. Female sex pheromones in • Post-harvest Physiology (Analysis and Minimal Processing) planta RNAi constructs targeting conserved effectors. the host races and hybrids of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda • Development of Fruit-based Edible Films and Coatings With respect to plant-insect interaction studies, complementary assays (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Chemoecology, 19: 29-36. • Food Analysis (phenolic compounds, antioxidants, vitamins and others) carried out in our laboratories confirm the prelavence of the lypoxyenase Parra-Pedrazzoli, A.L.; Leal, W.S.; Vilela, E.F.; Mendonça, M.C.; Bento, • Sensory Analysis (affective tests, descriptive tests and others) pathway in the production of protease inhibitors in soybean. Similar J.M.S. 2009. Synthetic sex pheromone of citrus leafminer in Brazlian • Flavor and Aroma Analysis response also seems to take place in eucalyptus, but its importance is citrus groves. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 44: 676-680. only secondary. In coffee the situation is more complex because of the Summary of achievements and perspectives involvement of volatiles in the insect interaction with the plant. The vel- Contacts The first year of INCT-FT activities resulted in a data bank of GC/MS volatile vetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis) is well-adapted to soybean ESALQ/USP – Depto de Entomologia e Acarologia standards; a minimal processing technology applying antioxidants for and to its proteinase inhibitors, besides synthetic inhibitors. These are mainly trypsin-like serine-proteinase inhibitors and we had the opportunity to verify that this caterpillar also express cysteine-preoteinases, Above: Phakopsora pachyrhizi (soybean rust); below: Anticarsia gemmatalis (velvetbean caterpillar) Caixa Postal 09 13418-900 Piracicaba SP Tel. 19-3429-4199; Fax. 19-3429-4120 mango preservation; the development and optimization of jam and jellies production from caja-umbu; umbu, mango and siriguela fruits; the development and optimization of a cashew apple fermented beverage production which seems to significantly minimize the effect of trypsin-like proteinase E-mail inctsa@esalq.usp.br process; process for obtaining cashew apple juice powder by combining inhibitors. In addition, the microorganism fauna associated with the Homepage http://www.esalq.usp.br/inctsa osmotic dehydration and lyophilization; development of edible coating caterpillar midgut also exhibits proteolytic activity with compensatory films prepared from mango and acelora pulps, with and without cellulose potential to trypsin-like inhibitors. We are currently refining the characterization of serine- and cysteine-proteinases of the velvetbean caterpillar aiming the design of a proteinase inhibitor suitable to this species. The National Institute of Science and Technology of Semiochemicals in Agriculture nanocrystals; ultrasound assisted dehydration of fruits (pineapple; malay apple; papaya; sapoti and strawberry). On the biotechnology process research, probiotic and prebiotic pineapple and melon juices were obtained. The characterization of physiological and behavioral responses to proteinase researches under investigation characterize the positive effect of the “foam inhibitors is also underway for stinkbugs in regular and lipoxygenase- Main researchers mat” process in dehydration of siriguela; in the development of concentra- -suppresed soybean seeds. We are also carrying out the same characte- José Roberto Postali Parra (Coordinator), José Maurício S. Bento, Paulo ted aroma extracts of passion fruit and pineapple and in the determination rization for the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and the eucalyptus defoliating caterpillar Thyrinteina arnobia. The characterization of Henrique G. Zarbin, Antônio Euzébio Goulart Santana, Eraldo Lima of functional compounds of tropical fruits by LC-DAD-ESI-MS. proteinases, and also amylases, in seed beetles is also underway to Main research topics Main publications assess the possibility of using mimetic proteinase (or amylase) inhibitors The main challenge of INCT of Semiochemicals in Agriculture is to reduce the - Dehydration of Malay apple (Syzygium malaccense L.) using ultrasound against these species. use of agrochemicals, preserving the environment for sustainable agriculture. as pre-treatment. Food and Bioprocess Technology, v. online, p. 1-6, 2010. The research topic requires multidisciplinary studies on chemistry of insect - Drying of Exotic Tropical Fruits: A Comprehensive Review. Food and Main publications and plant volatiles, artificial rearing, biology and behavior of insects, as well Bioprocess Technology, v. online, p. 1-23, 2010; 1. Magalhães et al. 2010. Journal of Economic Entomology (DOI: as integration with other methods of control for agricultural pests. - Passion fruit. In: Feng Chen, H. W. Hui, L. M. L. Nollet. (Org.). Hand- 150 10.1603/EC09362) The aim of the research group, formed by scientists from different Brazilian Pheromone trap for citrus pest book of fruit flavors. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2010 151
152 Agrárias Contacts Laboratório de Análise de Flavor Universidade Federal de Sergipe Av. Marechal Rondon s/n – Jardim Rosa Elze CEP 49100-000- São Cristovão –SE e-mail: inctft.narendra@gmail.com; inctft@gmail.com Home Page: www.frutostropicais.com.br Equipment for Phenolic compounds analysis by LC-DAD-ESI-/MS INCT – Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia Energy
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