УК гд а Уж × в
УК гд а Уж × в
УК гд а Уж × в
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º¾º¾ ÅÙ<strong>×</strong>ÌÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒ<strong>×</strong> ÔØÖºÅÓÙÐÖÓÖÑ<strong>×</strong><br />
Ì<strong>×</strong>ØÓÅÙ<strong>×</strong>ØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒ<strong>×</strong>¸<strong>×</strong>ÒÓÚ¸ÛÐÐÑÔÓÖØÒØØÓÙ<strong>×</strong>ÛÒÛÒ ØØÓÒÓØÑÓÙÐÖÖÓÙÔÓÒØÙÔÔÖÐÔÐÒºËÓÖ¸ÛÚÙ<strong>×</strong>ØÒÛØ ÖÓÙÐÝÔÖÓÙÒØÓÒ<strong>×</strong>¸ÒÓÛØÔÖÓÓØÙÒØÓÒÒØÛÓÖÒØÖØÓÒ<strong>×</strong><br />
ÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ÖÙÒÑÓÙÐÖØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ÛÖÐØÕÙÚÐÒØ<strong>×</strong>Ø<strong>×</strong>ÓÔÖ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÔÖÓ<strong>×</strong>ºÌ<strong>×</strong> ÖØÖÞØ<strong>×</strong>ØÒØÔÖ<strong>×</strong>Ó<strong>×</strong>ÙÔÖÓ<strong>×</strong>ÛÒØ<strong>×</strong>ÑÐØØÒC¸ÛÑØÓ ÒÖØ<strong>×</strong>ÔÖÐÐÓÖÑÛÒ<strong>×</strong>ÐØØ<strong>×</strong>ÙÒØÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓØÔÖÓ<strong>×</strong>ºÁÒ<strong>×</strong>ÒØÓ<br />
ØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑÖÓÙÔ¸<strong>×</strong>ÛÛÐÐ<strong>×</strong>ÒÓÛ¸ÙØÓÖØØÛÒØÓÜØÒØ<br />
Ø<strong>×</strong>ÔÓÒØ<strong>×</strong><strong>×</strong>ÓÐÐÓÛ<strong>×</strong> ´ººCØÓØÖÛØØÔÓÒØØ∞º˜C<strong>×</strong>Ð<strong>×</strong>ÓÐÐØÊÑÒÒ<strong>×</strong>ÔÖµºÌÓÓ<strong>×</strong>Ó¸Û<br />
Ò ∞ºÏÒØÚÐÙÓfØ ÓÑÒÓÒØÓÒÓØØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ØÓØÜØÒÓÑÔÐÜÔÐÒ˜C ≡<br />
´ºµ ÚØÓÜØÒØÒØÓÒØÓØÔÓÒØ<strong>×</strong>z= − d cÒz=<br />
f( −d)<br />
= ∞ = a c<br />
c , 2ÑØÖÜ 1ºÆÓÛ¸ ÛØØÙ<strong>×</strong>ÙÐÓÒÚÒØÓÒØØz/0 =<br />
´ºµ<br />
ÅÙ<strong>×</strong>ØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒÖÑÒ<strong>×</strong>ÙÒÒÛÑÙÐØÔÐÝÐÐØÓÒØ<strong>×</strong>a, b,<br />
ÝØ<strong>×</strong>ÑÒÓÒÞÖÓÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ØÒغÌÙ<strong>×</strong>¸ÛÐÓ<strong>×</strong>ÒÓÒÖÐØÝÒ<strong>×</strong><strong>×</strong>ÙÑÒad − bc =<br />
ÐØÙ<strong>×</strong><strong>×</strong><strong>×</strong>ÓØÛØÅÙ<strong>×</strong>ØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒ´ºµ¸2 <strong>×</strong><br />
ØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒ<strong>×</strong>¸Ø<strong>×</strong><strong>×</strong>ÝØÓÚÖݸ<strong>×</strong>ÚÒÝØÑØÖÜÔÖÓÙØÓØÑØÖ<strong>×</strong><strong>×</strong><strong>×</strong>ÓØ<br />
)ÓÖÖ<strong>×</strong>ÔÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ØÓØÒØØÝØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒ<br />
1ºÌÒ¸ØÓÑÔÓ<strong>×</strong>ØÓÒÓØÛÓ<strong>×</strong>Ù<br />
.<br />
Ð<strong>×</strong>Ó<strong>×</strong>ÒÛÚ<strong>×</strong><strong>×</strong>ÙÑad − bc = 1¸ØA ´º½¼µ<br />
ØÓØØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒ<strong>×</strong>¸Ò<strong>×</strong>Ð<strong>×</strong>ÓÅÙ<strong>×</strong>ØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒºÌÒØØÝÑØÖÜI =<br />
(<br />
1 0<br />
0 1<br />
f(∞)<br />
∞z≠º<br />
( )<br />
a b<br />
A =<br />
c d<br />
=<br />
f(z) = 1z + 0<br />
0z + 1 .<br />
C ∪ {∞}<br />
c, d<br />
ÁÒÚÖØÒ´ºµ¸Ò<strong>×</strong>ÓÐÚÒÓÖzÒØÖÑ<strong>×</strong>Óf(z)<br />
z = df(z) − b<br />
−cf(z) + a ,<br />
´º½½µ ½½
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