УК гд а Уж × в
УК гд а Уж × в
УК гд а Уж × в
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ÔØÖ¾ºÓÙÒØÒÝÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ÒËØÖÒÌÓÖÝ αβÓÑØÓÙÖ<br />
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˙βÓÑÓÙÖÖعÑÓÚÒÖÐÓ<strong>×</strong>ÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ºÏÒ ÐÒܺÇÒÑÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÒÐÖÙØÓÒÓÒØÓÙÖ¹ØÓÖÙ<strong>×</strong>¸ØY ÐعÑÓÚÒÖÐÓ<strong>×</strong>ÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ÒØY<br />
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˙α<br />
1¹ÑÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÒÐØÓÖÝØ<strong>×</strong><br />
RºÌ<strong>×</strong>ÓÑ ¿ºÌÖÑÓÒ<strong>×</strong>Öψ AβÒψ ˙βÛÖA<strong>×</strong><strong>×</strong>ÔÒÓÖÒÜÓSO(4) A<br />
ØÐعÒÖعÑÓÚÒÖÑÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ÒØØÚ1 +<br />
L<strong>×</strong>ÚÒÝ ÁÒØÓÚ<strong>×</strong>ØÙÔ¸ØØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑØÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ÙÒÖØØØZ N<strong>×</strong>ÙÖÓÙÔÓSU(2) ´¾º¿¼µ<br />
ÒÜαºÌÙ<strong>×</strong>¸Û<strong>×</strong>ØØØÖÐÖÑÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ÐÐØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑ<strong>×</strong> ÇÒÒ<strong>×</strong>ØØØÓÒÐÝÐ<strong>×</strong>ØØØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑÙÒÖØ<strong>×</strong>ØÓÒÖØÓ<strong>×</strong>ØØÖÖÝØ<br />
,<br />
ÌÙ<strong>×</strong>Û<strong>×</strong>ØØÓØÖÑÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ÔÙÔØÔ<strong>×</strong>ωÒØÓØÖÓÙÖÔÙÔØÔ<strong>×</strong> ´¾º¿½µ<br />
αβØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑ<strong>×</strong><strong>×</strong> ´¾º¿¾µ 2Ò<br />
ω −1ºÌÐY Y<br />
ÌÙ<strong>×</strong>¸ØÛÓÐ<strong>×</strong>ÖÒÚÖÒØÙÒÖØZ NÒØÓØÖØÛÓØÖÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÖÑÛØÔ<strong>×</strong><strong>×</strong>ω ω −2 RÐ<strong>×</strong>ØÑÔÔØÓ´<strong>×</strong>ݵÖعÑÓÚÖ<strong>×</strong>ºÌÙ<strong>×</strong>¸Û<strong>×</strong><br />
Nº<br />
LÐ<strong>×</strong>ØÑÔÔ<br />
ÖÑÓÒ<strong>×</strong>º<br />
.ÐÐÓØÖÐ<strong>×</strong>ÖÒÚÖÒØÙÒÖØZ ÁÒØÑÒ<strong>×</strong>ÓÒÐÖÙØÓÒÓØØ(2, 0)ØÓÖÝÓÒT AαÚÖ<strong>×</strong>ØÓÓÙÖÐعÑÓÚÒÖÐ<br />
4¸ØSU(2)<br />
αβÚ ØÓ´<strong>×</strong>ݵÐعÑÓÚÖ<strong>×</strong>ÒØSU(2) ØØØÓÖÓÐ<strong>×</strong>ÖÐØÓÒºÁÒÔÖØÙÐÖ¸ØÓÙÖÓ<strong>×</strong>ÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ØØÖ<strong>×</strong>ÖÓÑY Ö<strong>×</strong>ØÓÓÙÖÐعÑÓÚÒÖÐÓ<strong>×</strong>ÓÒ<strong>×</strong>ÒØψ ¿½<br />
4º<br />
( )<br />
g β ω 0<br />
α ≡<br />
0 ω −1<br />
ÛÖω= exp(2πi/N)ÓÖN = 2, 3,<br />
ψ Aα → g α β ψ Aβ .<br />
αβ → g α γ g α δ Y γδ .
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