CROWD CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES - Omega Research Foundation

More documents

Recommendations

Info

380. These crimes have emerged during an ongoing investigation into police practices in Los Angeles. See for example Reuters 6 th May 2000 U.S. Reportedly May Sue to Force LAPD Reforms. 381. Carson, R. (1963) Silent Spring. Hamish Hamilton. 382. Hansard, 12 th May 2000 c1186. 383. Reitman, V. (2000) Seoul Adopts Chemical-Free Policy on Protests. Los Angeles Times. Sunday March 5th. Section A page A-4. 384. BBC Wednesday, August 11, 1999. UK. Government maintains CCTV vision. Published at 06:06 GMT 07:06. 385. PA News. 6 th October 1998 Spy on the Street can identify criminals in seconds. Liberty questioned claims that the system had an 80% success rate. Its campaigns manager Liz Parratt warned: "The accuracy of facial mapping is very limited. You only need to look at a handful of photos of celebrities to see how very different the same people can look in different photos. "The claim that those who have nothing to hide have nothing to fear is rubbish. What the police call an 80% success rate is what we would call a one in five chance of a mistake. Even if it worked, it would need to be very carefully regulated to protect people's privacy." 386. For a detailed discussion of the longer term social implications of the development of intelligent or algorithmic surveillance see Norris,C. and Armstrong, G. (1999) The maximum surveillance society - the rise of CCTV. Berg. Sussex. 387. The exception would be water cannon, if States decided to categorise them within the Armoured Vehicle category. 388. See for example. Manurhin MR35 Punch company brochure that states: In France the MR35 Punch is a weapon classified in the 7 th Category: free purchase, possession and transport in the conditions accepted by law. (Company Brochure, June 1994). 389. In France an export licence is not required to export tear gas as this material is not included in the French governments arms control list. In other words, it is not military equipment and so it is not subject to arms export controls. Foreign buyers simply need to contact the French manufacturer, agree a price and that's it. Personal communication with the authors from Saferworld 3 rd April 2000. civ
390. Irish Government response to Amnesty International Less-than-lethal survey questionnaire. 9 th February 2000. 391. See for example, Eire, Finland, France, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, UK. 392. Given that chemical irritants can be deployed by individual personnel, from vehicles, helicopters and by Naval launched munitions it is difficult to identify where any such transfers would be recorded. 393. See for example the details provided for a transfer by Simad SpA of 12 Cartuccia Lacrimogena cal 40mm M40STA/SR at a value of 300 Dm. Sulle Operazioni Autorizzate E Svolte Per Il Controllo DellEsportazione, Importazione E Transito Dei Materiali di Armamento Nonche DellEportazione E Del Transito Del Prodotti ad Alta Technologia. Communicata alla Presidenza il 31 Marzo 1999. 394. See for example listing for of export licence granted for CS Grenades to Tanzania [No further details] Strategic Export Controls Annual Report, October 1999. [1998 data], p89. 395. Export Controls. Mr. Letwin: To ask the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry if (a) tear gas and (b) plastic bullets are covered by the export control regime. Dr. Howells: These goods, and others, are controlled under entries in Part III of Schedule I of the Export of Goods (Control) Order 1994 as amended: tear gas under entry ML7; and plastic bullets under entries ML3 or PL5021. However, a variety of devices may contain tear gas. Such devices are controlled under several other entries: for instance, portable anti-riot devices for administering an incapacitating substance under PL5001; grenades under ML4 or PL5030; ammunition under ML3 or PL5021; gas projectors or generators under ML2 or PL5018; under entries ML6, ML9, or ML10, gas projecting equipment for controlled ground vehicles, combatant vessels or aircraft, respectively, that are specially designed or modified for military use; and portable devices designed for self-protection by the administration of an incapacitating substance under entry 1A905 of the Dual-Use and Related Goods (Export Control) Regulation 1996, as amended. It should be noted that other goods are also controlled under each of these entries. (Hansard. 19 April 1999 : Column: 456) 396. See for example, Amnesty International (1999) Submission to the Joint Inquiry into the Annual Report on Strategic Export Controls. May. London. 397. Trade Intelligence CDROM 1997. Typical record from Trade Intelligence information source TRADE Intelligence Bill of Lading Number:SEAU9687966807 Port of Embarkation: Port of Arrival: cv
Page 1 and 2:
CROWD CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES (An appr
Page 3 and 4:
)Crowd Control Technologies : An As
Page 5 and 6:
)Crowd Control Technologies - An As
Page 7 and 8:
It is recommended that new limits s
Page 9 and 10:
Diversity Project), is already open
Page 11 and 12:
guarantees are forthcoming both fro
Page 13 and 14:
No 1. 2. 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.2 2.2.1
Page 15 and 16:
No 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.3.
Page 18 and 19:
An Assessment Of Crowd Control Tech
Page 20 and 21:
[15] Any European wide adoption of
Page 22 and 23:
NEW BIO-WEAPONS FOR CROWD CONTROL [
Page 24 and 25:
than war in Bosnia, Somalia and Kos
Page 26 and 27:
Most of these crowd control weapons
Page 28 and 29:
CR was first synthesized by Higginb
Page 30 and 31:
and some speciality ones. These inc
Page 32 and 33:
Some Examples of Currently Availabl
Page 34 and 35:
3.2 The International Committee Of
Page 36 and 37:
coercion to a greater number of peo
Page 38 and 39:
Fig 5. Severe blistering following
Page 40 and 41:
currently available is not sufficie
Page 42 and 43:
4.1.4 Hazards Of Pyrotechnic & Blas
Page 44 and 45:
on particular parts of the human bo
Page 46 and 47:
Fig 6. Modern Israeli pulsed jet Wa
Page 48 and 49:
Severe skull damage caused by Kinet
Page 50 and 51:
The report also stated that )these
Page 52 and 53:
cultures. This process is perhaps m
Page 54 and 55:
Fig. 9. Police officer targets WTO
Page 56 and 57:
Electro-shock weapons have been del
Page 58 and 59:
xlii
Page 60 and 61:
xliv
Page 62 and 63:
+ )Neither the existence, the prese
Page 64 and 65:
Some Examples of 2 nd Generation No
Page 66 and 67:
6.3.1 Calmatives The human brain ha
Page 68 and 69:
By 1994 this work was well on its w
Page 70 and 71: Therefore it does not come as a sur
Page 72 and 73: the bottle, there is still time for
Page 74 and 75: used CS gas to literally fumigate a
Page 76 and 77: poor records of human rights violat
Page 78 and 79: water cannon were identified as Mer
Page 80 and 81: Chemical Name and Formula Munition
Page 82 and 83: NOTES & REFERENCES 1. See Action pl
Page 84 and 85: Avnon and Beit Alfa (Israel), Custo
Page 86 and 87: Company Brochure, April 1996. 43. L
Page 88 and 89: 67. In the SIPRI Yearbook 1998, pag
Page 90 and 91: 82. Chung, C.W., Giles, A.L. (1972)
Page 92 and 93: 105. McNamara, B.P., Rennie, R.A.,
Page 94 and 95: 130. For example one study using a
Page 96 and 97: The Police Authority of Northern Ir
Page 98 and 99: 173. Statewatch Bulletin (1996). Br
Page 100 and 101: 195. Eg the Armortek water cannon o
Page 102 and 103: 222. http://www.zarc.com/english/ne
Page 104 and 105: 241. OBrien, D. (1991). Op. cit. 24
Page 106 and 107: 260. The isopropyl alcohol used in
Page 108 and 109: 276. Numerous reports from Northern
Page 110 and 111: 285. For example, )using tear gas,
Page 112 and 113: 300. Human Rights Watch (1997) Turk
Page 114 and 115: 312. Aftergood, S. (1994)The Soft-k
Page 116 and 117: low.( New )candidate immobilizers(
Page 118 and 119: 360. See Business Wire (1999) Battl
Page 122 and 123: US Clearing Dest: Foreign Port Dest
Page 124 and 125: Mr. Fatchett: In accordance with th
Page 126 and 127: telephone the police. She remembere
show all

CROWD CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES - Omega Research Foundation

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?