CROWD CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES - Omega Research Foundation

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Cataloguing data: Title: CROWD CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES (An appraisal of technologies for political control) Workplan Ref.: EP/IV/B/STOA/99/14/01/A Publisher: European Parliament Directorate General for Research Directorate A The STOA Programme Author: OMEGA Foundation, Manchester, UK Editor: Graham Chambers, Head of STOA Unit Date: June 2000 PE number: PE 168. 394/Fin.St. This document is a working Document for the 'STOA Panel'. It is not an official publication of STOA. This document does not necessarily represent the views of the European Parliament ii
)Crowd Control Technologies : An Assessment Of Crowd Control Technology Options For The European Union( (An Appraisal of the Technologies of Political Control) (EP/1/1V/B/STOA/99/14/01) The Omega Foundation. May 2000. iii
Page 1: CROWD CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES (An appr
Page 5 and 6: )Crowd Control Technologies - An As
Page 7 and 8: It is recommended that new limits s
Page 9 and 10: Diversity Project), is already open
Page 11 and 12: guarantees are forthcoming both fro
Page 13 and 14: No 1. 2. 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.2 2.2.1
Page 15 and 16: No 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.3.
Page 18 and 19: An Assessment Of Crowd Control Tech
Page 20 and 21: [15] Any European wide adoption of
Page 22 and 23: NEW BIO-WEAPONS FOR CROWD CONTROL [
Page 24 and 25: than war in Bosnia, Somalia and Kos
Page 26 and 27: Most of these crowd control weapons
Page 28 and 29: CR was first synthesized by Higginb
Page 30 and 31: and some speciality ones. These inc
Page 32 and 33: Some Examples of Currently Availabl
Page 34 and 35: 3.2 The International Committee Of
Page 36 and 37: coercion to a greater number of peo
Page 38 and 39: Fig 5. Severe blistering following
Page 40 and 41: currently available is not sufficie
Page 42 and 43: 4.1.4 Hazards Of Pyrotechnic & Blas
Page 44 and 45: on particular parts of the human bo
Page 46 and 47: Fig 6. Modern Israeli pulsed jet Wa
Page 48 and 49: Severe skull damage caused by Kinet
Page 50 and 51: The report also stated that )these
Page 52 and 53:
cultures. This process is perhaps m
Page 54 and 55:
Fig. 9. Police officer targets WTO
Page 56 and 57:
Electro-shock weapons have been del
Page 58 and 59:
xlii
Page 60 and 61:
xliv
Page 62 and 63:
+ )Neither the existence, the prese
Page 64 and 65:
Some Examples of 2 nd Generation No
Page 66 and 67:
6.3.1 Calmatives The human brain ha
Page 68 and 69:
By 1994 this work was well on its w
Page 70 and 71:
Therefore it does not come as a sur
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the bottle, there is still time for
Page 74 and 75:
used CS gas to literally fumigate a
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poor records of human rights violat
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water cannon were identified as Mer
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Chemical Name and Formula Munition
Page 82 and 83:
NOTES & REFERENCES 1. See Action pl
Page 84 and 85:
Avnon and Beit Alfa (Israel), Custo
Page 86 and 87:
Company Brochure, April 1996. 43. L
Page 88 and 89:
67. In the SIPRI Yearbook 1998, pag
Page 90 and 91:
82. Chung, C.W., Giles, A.L. (1972)
Page 92 and 93:
105. McNamara, B.P., Rennie, R.A.,
Page 94 and 95:
130. For example one study using a
Page 96 and 97:
The Police Authority of Northern Ir
Page 98 and 99:
173. Statewatch Bulletin (1996). Br
Page 100 and 101:
195. Eg the Armortek water cannon o
Page 102 and 103:
222. http://www.zarc.com/english/ne
Page 104 and 105:
241. OBrien, D. (1991). Op. cit. 24
Page 106 and 107:
260. The isopropyl alcohol used in
Page 108 and 109:
276. Numerous reports from Northern
Page 110 and 111:
285. For example, )using tear gas,
Page 112 and 113:
300. Human Rights Watch (1997) Turk
Page 114 and 115:
312. Aftergood, S. (1994)The Soft-k
Page 116 and 117:
low.( New )candidate immobilizers(
Page 118 and 119:
360. See Business Wire (1999) Battl
Page 120 and 121:
380. These crimes have emerged duri
Page 122 and 123:
US Clearing Dest: Foreign Port Dest
Page 124 and 125:
Mr. Fatchett: In accordance with th
Page 126 and 127:
telephone the police. She remembere
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