June 1 - 3 , 1978 - University of Hawaii at Manoa

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Hirstionyssidae Rhinonyssidae (Rodents & insectivores) (Bird respiratory Alphalaelapinae (Mountain beavers) I / parasites) \ / Macronyssidae (Microchiroptera, / secondarily mammals, Omentolaelapidae birds & reptiles) (1 sp. under scales Of African snake) / Spelaeorhynchidae / Entonyssidae (Snake respira- (Ears of New World bats) Laelapinae Spinturnicidae (on mammals) (Winqs - of bats) tory Dermanyssidae . I \ I ~Godorh~nchidae Dasyponyssidae (Colubrid snakes) (New World armadillos) (1 genus mammals;, , 1 genus birds) . \ / \ \ \ / / / . \ \ / Myonyssinae /A genus on rodents, Hystrichonyssidae - - - - - Androlaelaps lagomorphs & insectivores) . I (Old World porcupines) . # 0 0 Raillietidae ' (Ears of ungulates) ,(Nest 0 associate) Hypoaspis / (Free-living predator) Haemogamassinae (Free-living nest / associate) FIGURE 3, Adaptive radiation in the parasitic Gamasina (after Radovsky 1969) .
ALTITUDINAL EFFECTS ON THE GENERAL DIVERSITY OF ENDEMIC INSECT COMMUNITIES IN A LEEWARD HAWAIIAN FOREST SYSTEM MANUKA FOREST RESERVE, SOUTH KONA, HAWAI'I Samuel M. Gon I11 Department of Zoology University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 INTRODUCTION The amazing diversity of form and habitat in the Hawaiian native insect fauna is currently an object of review and study. Perhaps 4000 species of endemic insects have been described, and new species are often encountered in general collections of remoter areas. Thus, a pioneering stage still prevails in Hawaiian forest entomology. Many species of introduced insects (especially those of economic importance) have been well studied, and aspects of their taxonomy, physiology, behavior, and ecology are relatively well known. In contrast, many of the Hawaiian insects are so poorly understood that all the information available may be a type specimen and general collection information. Some species holo- types are defined from as little as wing fragments from a single specimen, never again re-encountered (Zimmerman 1948). One of the recent trends in Hawaiian entomology is the utilization of transect techniques along altitudinal gradients. These studies have demonstrated that species are often restricted to well-defined altitudinal ranges (~agn6 1976). There are usually habitat limitations related to altitude which define optimal ranges and distribution boundaries. This study examines the distribution of endemic insect families along an altitudinal gradient between 1670 and 580 rn, and investigates differences in the diversity of the families at various elevations. The trends uncovered would provide insight to environmental and biotic factors related to altitude, affect- ing the distribution of the Hawaiian insect fauna.
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COOPERATIVE NATIONAL PARK RESOURCES
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PREFACE TABLE OF CONTENTS Apple, Ru
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Gon, Samuel M., 111 ALTITUDINAL EFF
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Stemmermann, Lani HALEAKALA NATIONA
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ROOF RAT DEPREDATIONS ON HIBISCADEL
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Feeding upon seed pods Immature see
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NENE REINTRODUCTION PROGRAM AND RES
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R. C. L. Perkins (1903) also believ
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Although Nene in HAVO pens are expo
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irds have been forced to mate with
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TABLE 1. Individual results of 6nl
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TABLE 2. Combined results of NEnS b
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therefore be of interest to review
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wasp was found to parasitize the la
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In line with this thinking, immedia
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aIal 5 ." U) 0 a, U u C 0 4 w rlw r
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WILDLAND WEED
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15 species of introduced insects es
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HALEAKALA NATIONAL PARK CRATER DIST
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areas include the planthoppers (Del
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HAWAII IBP SYNTHESIS : 5. SHORT-TER
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We in the Forest Service are excite
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shrubby Dubautia and numerous hybri
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TABLE 1. Dubautia and Argyroxiphium
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SOME ASPECTS OF A SHELL DISEASE IN
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Induction of Lesions To induce lesi
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lesions. Or they may be part of the
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LITERATURE CITED Akin, D. E., and H
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TABLE 3. Isolation of chitinoclasti
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FOREST BIRD POPULATIONS ON O'AHU Ma
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LEK BEHAVIOR AND ECOLOGY OF TWO HOM
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either species) after an encounter
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HAWAII IBP SYNTHESIS : 3. THE KILAU
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Fifteen exot
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One exotic bird not found but previ
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TABLE 1. A list of the birds in the
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TABLE 2. Densities (birds/4O ha) of
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FIGURE 1. A map showing the locatio
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FIGURE 3. A map showinq native fore
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Several patterns in avian distribut
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LITERATURE CITED Eden, J. T. 1971.
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TABLE 1--Continued . Scientific Nam
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The objective of this paper is to a
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Selective field hybridizations yiel
Page 89 and 90: Corn, C. A. 1979. Variation in Hawa
Page 91 and 92: POLY MORPHA ---- NO SEED - SEED PRO
Page 93 and 94: THE RARE AND THREATENED PLANTS IN T
Page 95 and 96: open ideas for consideration and to
Page 97 and 98: Presence-absence trait analysis fur
Page 99 and 100: small clearings of soil-humus depos
Page 101 and 102: LITERATURE CITED Barrau, J. 1961. S
Page 103 and 104: WIDTH OF LARGEST WALL (cm) TOTAL AR
Page 105 and 106: ESTABLISHMENT OF SOME RECENT IMMIGR
Page 107 and 108: An egg parasite*, Trissolcus sp., w
Page 109 and 110: caterpillars were found on young nu
Page 111 and 112: 'IRBLE 1. Sunnnq of sm recent imniq
Page 113 and 114: can be expected to provide will be
Page 115 and 116: Dombois 1977). Of course the trees
Page 117 and 118: We see from the two figures that in
Page 119 and 120: Ole HEALTHY, h FIGURE 1. Probabilit
Page 121 and 122: EVALUATION OF A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR H
Page 123 and 124: in the vial cap and was immersed in
Page 125 and 126: usually requiring only a few minute
Page 127 and 128: FACTORS CONTROLLING THE DISTRIBUTIO
Page 129 and 130: With respect to the distribution of
Page 131 and 132: native rain forest. However, the se
Page 133 and 134: mites are parasitic forms which hav
Page 135 and 136: LITERATURE CITED Atyeo, W. T., and
Page 137 and 138: TABLE 2. Feather mites recovered £
Page 142 and 143: STUDY SITE The ahupua'a of Manuka,
Page 144 and 145: DISCUSSION The trend of increasing
Page 146 and 147: litter habitats at lower and higher
Page 148 and 149: plant species diversity. The more d
Page 150 and 151: vegetational situation, and habitat
Page 152 and 153: TABLE 1. mmber of families encounte
Page 154 and 155: KEY: Nmhr of families colleded fran
Page 157 and 158: HALEAKALA NATIONAL PARK CRATER DIST
Page 159 and 160: Isopterygium Plagiothecium cavifoli
Page 161 and 162: TABLE 1. Phytogeographic relationsh
Page 163 and 164: In Hawai'i rain water percolates ra
Page 165 and 166: Most continental troglobites are co
Page 167 and 168: (5) Caves are fragile ecosystems an
Page 169 and 170: the current onslaught. It is true t
Page 171 and 172: Maciolek, J. A., and R. E. Brock. 1
Page 173 and 174: In the fallowing paper, a quick sum
Page 175 and 176: have been identified which include,
Page 177 and 178: LLTERATURE CITED Htmda, N., and J.
Page 179 and 180: TABLE 2. Cmpnents for the tree laye
Page 181 and 182: TABLE 4. Example of a vegetation ty
Page 183 and 184: ETGLTRE 2. Location of the U. S. Fi
Page 185 and 186: The sweet potato is unique in that
Page 187 and 188: tempting to suggest that the introd
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LITERATURE CITED Brand, D. D. 1971.
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DEDICATION ADDRESS FOR HAWAII FIELD
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I want to say that I strongly disag
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We will see how far these ideas get
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While the $28,000 would not even bu
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By no means, however, do I imply th
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Due primarily to lack of personnel
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National Park Service. 1969. Dark-r
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HAWAII IBP SYNTHESIS : 7. IMPACT OF
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Management Techniques The first clu
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!IWLE 1. Summary of production at 6
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PART A: Shipnan Strain Geese (14 Ge
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WLE 4. Gn5 restoration project reco
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HUMAN PERCEPTION OF THE HAWAIIAN EN
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public opinion concerning the issue
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(Question) Variables No Bsponse TAB
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(Question) Variables 10 11 12 13 14
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This is a survey to find out how th
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THE SEPTEMBER 1977 ERUPTION OF KILA
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General Conclusions 1. Zonal (or co
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- )RIGIN - TeC - TeL - TrP - 11.000
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A SOIL FUNGUS SET I B C ZONES SET2
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The high tree species diversity of
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It is probable that ecological gene
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THE ROLE OF THE HAWAIIAN TWO-LINED
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HABITAT UTILIZATION AND NICHE COMPO
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Hawaii Field Research Center. The p
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It is understandable that there is
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To accomplish the objectives of the
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FIGURE 1. Map of the island of Hawa
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METHODS Old mamane seed pods were c
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Seedling survival Seedling survival
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TABLE 1. Comparisons of percent see
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254 Figure 2--Cumulative number of
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COMMUNICATIONS TECHNIQUES AND THE S
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In a ten-minute paper like today's,
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ut are now growing in a normal upri
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Table 1--Grafting trials of Acacia
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Table 3--Treatments applied to Acac
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Table 5--Clonal variation in rootin
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with the major distribution being i
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as size classes (height and diamete
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there were more available microhabi
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CONCLUSIONS The Devastation Study A
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TABLE 1. Habitat 5. Structure and v
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VBLC 3. Witat 5. Wantitative charac
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HABITAT PROFILE - NOS. 1.2,4,5,6 OF
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HALEAKALA NATIONAL PARKCRATER DISTR
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LITERATURE CITED Bryan, W. A. 1915.
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climates experience alternating per
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correlated with the amount and phys
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HALEAKALA NATIONAL PARK CRATER DIST
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LITERATURE CITED Degener, 0. 1930.
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TABLE 2. Potentially aggressive wee
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- Rubus rosaefolius Sn. 2 !l%e thim
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Land availability is necessary to a
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Conf irmatlon of existing informati
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A NECROPSY PROCEDURE FOR SAMPLING D
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Division, P. 0. Bos 243, Cockeysvil
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Instructions RESULTS The following
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I. External Analysis (Examine bird
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PART I1 (1) Face, legs, or feet: le
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(14) Feather, follicle, or skin par
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Examine a wet smear of intestinal c
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SUMMARY More work needs to be done
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TABLE 1. Summary of diseases in avi
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TABIE l--Continued '. Disease Patho
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TABLE 1--Continued '. Disease Patho
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' Information not our own is £ran
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the bare-root system have failed. K
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Results of the efforts on the first
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Areas for these vegetation communit
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FIGURE 1. Courses of the topographi
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2500 mm ---+ MEAN ANNUAL PRECIPITAT
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FOREST BIRD POPULATION VARIATION AS
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SPP . r Pelea sp., and Vaccinium ca
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PREHISTORIC HAWAIIAN BIRDS * Alan C
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List of Participants (Continued) De
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List of Participants (Continued) Ca
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June 1 - 3 , 1978 - University of Hawaii at Manoa

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