June 1 - 3 , 1978 - University of Hawaii at Manoa

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vegetational situation, and habitats unavailable to both sur- rounding lava and continuous stand forest, can be considered as factors contributing to an increased insect diversity. In summary, Figure 3 illustrates the diversity of habitat a ~ d climatic conditions which contribute to the "hump" phenomenon at 1440 m: fog conditions, general vegetational diversity, and kipuka effects. In addition, Figure 3 demonstrates gradients in moisture and vegetation that are pertinent to the general relationship of altitude and insect diversity uncovered in this study. CONCLUSION In the Manuka-Kapu'a study, nocturnal insect diversity at the family level increased as altitude decreased, with the exception of a disproportionately high diversity at the 1440 m elevation. The general altitude effect was attributed to the interrelation of three major factors: temperature, moisture, and vegetational diversity. Although it is clear that temperature and moisture conditions contributed indirectly to insect distribution by determining vegetational diversity and structure, it is not known what direct limiting effect thay have on the Hawaiian insect species. It is recommended that physiological studies be conducted, focusing on the tolerances of Hawaiian species to a wide range of temperature and moisture conditions, determining survivorship thresholds and optimum ranges. The information from such studies could be used to test whether temperature and moisture limitation is a mechanism directly determining the distribution of Hawaiian insects in field studies. The exceptionally high diversity at 1440 m was attributed to three major factors not present at other-plotsite locations: fog belt conditions, unique vegetational species complement, and the effects of kipukas.
LITERATURE CITED Blumenstock, D. I. ,and S. Price. 1967. Climates of the states: Hawaii. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. Fosberg. 1961. ~agn6, W. C. 1976. Canopy associated arthropods of Metrosideros and Acacia koa on the Mauna Loa Transect, Ecosystems m, US/IBP Tech. Rep. No. 77. Hawaii. 32 pp. Island Juvik, J. O., and D. J. Perreira. 1973. The interception of fog and cloud water on windward Mauna Loa, Hawaii. Island Ecosystems IRP, US/IBP Tech. Rep. No. 32. 11 pp. Krajina, V. J. 1963. Biogeoclimatic zones on the Hawaii Islands. Haw. Bot. Soc. Newsletter 2(7): 93-98. MacArthur, R. H. 1965. Patterns of species diversity. Biol. Rev. 40: 510-533. MacArthur, R. H., and J. W. MacArthur. 1961. On bird species diversity. Ecology 42: 594-598. Pukui, M. W., and S. H. Elbert. 1971. Hawaiian dictional: Hawaiian-English, English-Hawaiian. Univ. of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. 188 pp. Ripperton , and Hosaka. 1942. Rock, J. F. 1913. The indigenous trees of the Hawaiian Islands. Private publication, under patronage. Honolulu. Swezey. 1954. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey. 1967. Topographic Quadrangles. Zimmerman, E. C. 1948. Insects of Hawaii Vol. 1-9. Univ. Press of Hawaii, Honolulu. References to Yoshinaga and Anderson 1977 are in preparation: NSF-SOS Program, Technical Report for Grant No. NSF SOS SMI 76-07608.
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COOPERATIVE NATIONAL PARK RESOURCES
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PREFACE TABLE OF CONTENTS Apple, Ru
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Gon, Samuel M., 111 ALTITUDINAL EFF
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Stemmermann, Lani HALEAKALA NATIONA
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ROOF RAT DEPREDATIONS ON HIBISCADEL
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Feeding upon seed pods Immature see
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NENE REINTRODUCTION PROGRAM AND RES
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R. C. L. Perkins (1903) also believ
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Although Nene in HAVO pens are expo
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irds have been forced to mate with
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TABLE 1. Individual results of 6nl
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TABLE 2. Combined results of NEnS b
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therefore be of interest to review
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wasp was found to parasitize the la
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In line with this thinking, immedia
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aIal 5 ." U) 0 a, U u C 0 4 w rlw r
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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WILDLAND WEED
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15 species of introduced insects es
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HALEAKALA NATIONAL PARK CRATER DIST
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areas include the planthoppers (Del
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HAWAII IBP SYNTHESIS : 5. SHORT-TER
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We in the Forest Service are excite
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shrubby Dubautia and numerous hybri
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TABLE 1. Dubautia and Argyroxiphium
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SOME ASPECTS OF A SHELL DISEASE IN
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Induction of Lesions To induce lesi
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lesions. Or they may be part of the
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LITERATURE CITED Akin, D. E., and H
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TABLE 3. Isolation of chitinoclasti
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FOREST BIRD POPULATIONS ON O'AHU Ma
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LEK BEHAVIOR AND ECOLOGY OF TWO HOM
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either species) after an encounter
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HAWAII IBP SYNTHESIS : 3. THE KILAU
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Fifteen exot
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One exotic bird not found but previ
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TABLE 1. A list of the birds in the
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TABLE 2. Densities (birds/4O ha) of
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FIGURE 1. A map showing the locatio
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FIGURE 3. A map showinq native fore
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Several patterns in avian distribut
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LITERATURE CITED Eden, J. T. 1971.
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TABLE 1--Continued . Scientific Nam
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The objective of this paper is to a
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Selective field hybridizations yiel
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Corn, C. A. 1979. Variation in Hawa
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POLY MORPHA ---- NO SEED - SEED PRO
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THE RARE AND THREATENED PLANTS IN T
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open ideas for consideration and to
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Presence-absence trait analysis fur
Page 99 and 100: small clearings of soil-humus depos
Page 101 and 102: LITERATURE CITED Barrau, J. 1961. S
Page 103 and 104: WIDTH OF LARGEST WALL (cm) TOTAL AR
Page 105 and 106: ESTABLISHMENT OF SOME RECENT IMMIGR
Page 107 and 108: An egg parasite*, Trissolcus sp., w
Page 109 and 110: caterpillars were found on young nu
Page 111 and 112: 'IRBLE 1. Sunnnq of sm recent imniq
Page 113 and 114: can be expected to provide will be
Page 115 and 116: Dombois 1977). Of course the trees
Page 117 and 118: We see from the two figures that in
Page 119 and 120: Ole HEALTHY, h FIGURE 1. Probabilit
Page 121 and 122: EVALUATION OF A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR H
Page 123 and 124: in the vial cap and was immersed in
Page 125 and 126: usually requiring only a few minute
Page 127 and 128: FACTORS CONTROLLING THE DISTRIBUTIO
Page 129 and 130: With respect to the distribution of
Page 131 and 132: native rain forest. However, the se
Page 133 and 134: mites are parasitic forms which hav
Page 135 and 136: LITERATURE CITED Atyeo, W. T., and
Page 137 and 138: TABLE 2. Feather mites recovered £
Page 140 and 141: Hirstionyssidae Rhinonyssidae (Rode
Page 142 and 143: STUDY SITE The ahupua'a of Manuka,
Page 144 and 145: DISCUSSION The trend of increasing
Page 146 and 147: litter habitats at lower and higher
Page 148 and 149: plant species diversity. The more d
Page 152 and 153: TABLE 1. mmber of families encounte
Page 154 and 155: KEY: Nmhr of families colleded fran
Page 157 and 158: HALEAKALA NATIONAL PARK CRATER DIST
Page 159 and 160: Isopterygium Plagiothecium cavifoli
Page 161 and 162: TABLE 1. Phytogeographic relationsh
Page 163 and 164: In Hawai'i rain water percolates ra
Page 165 and 166: Most continental troglobites are co
Page 167 and 168: (5) Caves are fragile ecosystems an
Page 169 and 170: the current onslaught. It is true t
Page 171 and 172: Maciolek, J. A., and R. E. Brock. 1
Page 173 and 174: In the fallowing paper, a quick sum
Page 175 and 176: have been identified which include,
Page 177 and 178: LLTERATURE CITED Htmda, N., and J.
Page 179 and 180: TABLE 2. Cmpnents for the tree laye
Page 181 and 182: TABLE 4. Example of a vegetation ty
Page 183 and 184: ETGLTRE 2. Location of the U. S. Fi
Page 185 and 186: The sweet potato is unique in that
Page 187 and 188: tempting to suggest that the introd
Page 189 and 190: LITERATURE CITED Brand, D. D. 1971.
Page 191 and 192: DEDICATION ADDRESS FOR HAWAII FIELD
Page 193 and 194: I want to say that I strongly disag
Page 195 and 196: We will see how far these ideas get
Page 197 and 198: While the $28,000 would not even bu
Page 199 and 200: By no means, however, do I imply th
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Due primarily to lack of personnel
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National Park Service. 1969. Dark-r
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HAWAII IBP SYNTHESIS : 7. IMPACT OF
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Management Techniques The first clu
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!IWLE 1. Summary of production at 6
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PART A: Shipnan Strain Geese (14 Ge
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WLE 4. Gn5 restoration project reco
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HUMAN PERCEPTION OF THE HAWAIIAN EN
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public opinion concerning the issue
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(Question) Variables No Bsponse TAB
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(Question) Variables 10 11 12 13 14
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This is a survey to find out how th
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THE SEPTEMBER 1977 ERUPTION OF KILA
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General Conclusions 1. Zonal (or co
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- )RIGIN - TeC - TeL - TrP - 11.000
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A SOIL FUNGUS SET I B C ZONES SET2
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The high tree species diversity of
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It is probable that ecological gene
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THE ROLE OF THE HAWAIIAN TWO-LINED
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HABITAT UTILIZATION AND NICHE COMPO
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Hawaii Field Research Center. The p
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It is understandable that there is
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To accomplish the objectives of the
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FIGURE 1. Map of the island of Hawa
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METHODS Old mamane seed pods were c
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Seedling survival Seedling survival
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TABLE 1. Comparisons of percent see
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254 Figure 2--Cumulative number of
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COMMUNICATIONS TECHNIQUES AND THE S
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In a ten-minute paper like today's,
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ut are now growing in a normal upri
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Table 1--Grafting trials of Acacia
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Table 3--Treatments applied to Acac
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Table 5--Clonal variation in rootin
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with the major distribution being i
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as size classes (height and diamete
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there were more available microhabi
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CONCLUSIONS The Devastation Study A
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TABLE 1. Habitat 5. Structure and v
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VBLC 3. Witat 5. Wantitative charac
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HABITAT PROFILE - NOS. 1.2,4,5,6 OF
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HALEAKALA NATIONAL PARKCRATER DISTR
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LITERATURE CITED Bryan, W. A. 1915.
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climates experience alternating per
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correlated with the amount and phys
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HALEAKALA NATIONAL PARK CRATER DIST
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LITERATURE CITED Degener, 0. 1930.
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TABLE 2. Potentially aggressive wee
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- Rubus rosaefolius Sn. 2 !l%e thim
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Land availability is necessary to a
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Conf irmatlon of existing informati
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A NECROPSY PROCEDURE FOR SAMPLING D
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Division, P. 0. Bos 243, Cockeysvil
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Instructions RESULTS The following
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I. External Analysis (Examine bird
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PART I1 (1) Face, legs, or feet: le
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(14) Feather, follicle, or skin par
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Examine a wet smear of intestinal c
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SUMMARY More work needs to be done
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TABLE 1. Summary of diseases in avi
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TABIE l--Continued '. Disease Patho
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TABLE 1--Continued '. Disease Patho
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' Information not our own is £ran
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the bare-root system have failed. K
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Results of the efforts on the first
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Areas for these vegetation communit
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FIGURE 1. Courses of the topographi
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2500 mm ---+ MEAN ANNUAL PRECIPITAT
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FOREST BIRD POPULATION VARIATION AS
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SPP . r Pelea sp., and Vaccinium ca
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PREHISTORIC HAWAIIAN BIRDS * Alan C
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List of Participants (Continued) De
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List of Participants (Continued) Ca
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June 1 - 3 , 1978 - University of Hawaii at Manoa

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