hole in the head, 157 intestinal, 158 skin fluke, 159 skin, large, 158 slimy skin disease, 160 pearl grass, 220 peat moss, 196 pectoral fins, 83–84 pellets, floating, 143 pelvic fins, 84 penicillin, 167 pet shop, purchasing aquarium from, 33 pH acidity, 195 alkalinity, 195 in breeding tank, 249 changing, 195 decrease during conditioning process, 191 description, 194 fish species preferences, 194–195 substrate effect on, 47–48 testing, 152, 194 pH regulators, 184 photography Axelrod technique, 279 backgrounds, 280 bracketing technique, 276 camera, 269–270 close-ups, 278 composition techniques, 276–278 developing film, 272 digital, 272–273 displaying photos, 280 film, 270–271 focusing techniques, 275–276 lenses, 271–272 lighting techniques, 274–275 panning technique, 277 reasons for, 268–269 red-eye problem, 275 tank, 278–280 video, 273 webcams, 273 pigment, 94 piranha, 107–108 Piscinoodinium parasite, 156 piston pumps, 72 plant species Amazon frogbit, 228 Amazon sword, 210, 226–227 baby tears, 219 Brazilian microsword, 220 Carolina fanwort, 224 corkscrew val, 210, 223 cryptocoryne, 208, 218 duckweed, 208, 228 dwarf anubias, 221 dwarf swordplant, 210 easy, 210 elodea, 223–224 giant anubias, 224–225 giant hygrophila, 210 green cabomba, 210 hairgrass, 210 hornwort, 210, 222–223 Java fern, 210 Madagascar lace, 221 mangrove, 210 oriental sword, 226 pearl grass, 220 pygmy sword, 208 red ludwigia, 225 red-stem milfoil, 227 Index sagittaria, 208, 248 stargrass, 227 water lettuce, 208, 229 plants acclimating, 213–214 adding during tank setup, 200 algae, interaction with, 207, 215 aquatic, marginal, and terrestrial, 208 artificial, 52–54, 206 background, 222–227 benefits of, 206–207, 230 for brackish systems, 293, 294 buying, 213 carbon dioxide removal by, 188 chemicals for, 184–186 for coldwater systems, 20 collecting from wild, 212–213 cuttings, 209 as decorations in exhibition tank, 287 disinfecting, 213–214 easy species, 209 feeding, 211 floating, 208, 228 foreground, 218–221 Internet sources, 205–206 iron supplement, 212 lighting, 212 medications, effect of, 216 natural filtration with, 68 overplanting, 217 planting techniques, 216 pond, 229–230 poor health, signs of, 214–215 331
332 <strong>Freshwater</strong> Aquariums For Dummies, 2nd Edition plants (continued) potted, 209 problems, 214–216 rooted, 209 for spawning tank, 246–248 substrate for rooting, 211 temperature requirements, 210–211 transporting, 213 types, 208–209 plastic aquarium, 37 plastic plants, 52–54 platy, 93, 101 pleco, 57, 102–103, 215 plugs, multi-outlet, 304 pond filters, 67 indoor barrels, 40 plants, 229–230 pop-eye, 158–159 portrait aquariums, 38 potassium permanganate, 213–214 powdered food, 148 power center, 76 power filter bio-wheels, 65 description, 64–65 installing, 199 powerhead, 65–66 precolonized medium, 183, 192 problems equipment, 234–235 feeding, 233 fish, 232–233 tank, 235–236 water, 236–238 proteins, 138 public aquariums, 17 pump timers, 77 pygmy sword, 208 Python, 27, 176, 193 • Q • quarantine, 132, 164–166 • R • rainwater, 173–174 ramshorn snail, 118 rasbora, harlequin, 116 ratemyfishtank.com (Web site), 135 razor blades, 304 recessive genes, 262 recordkeeping breeding, 242 log book, 267–268 photography, 268–280 quarantine and health records, 165 red ludwigia, 225 red oscar, 112–113 red-bellied piranha, 107–108 red-eye problem, in photography, 275 red-stem milfoil, 227 reef tank, 294 reflective lighting, 77 regional show, 283 resolutions, New Year’s, 313–314 respiration gills, 85–86 labyrinth organ, 86–87 restraining glass, 275 retail superstores, purchasing aquarium from, 34 reverse osmosis, 196 rice fish, 98 rocks, 50–51 room temperature, effects of, 23–25 Root Tabs, 186 rotifers, 147 rubber tubing, 73 rule of thirds, for photographic composition, 277 rummy-nose tetra, 106 • S • sagittaria, 208, 248 sailfin molly, 100 salt content of brackish systems, 293–294 description, 184 Epsom salt, 233 for freshwater velvet, 156 for intestinal parasites, 158 for pop-eye disease, 159 pros and cons as medication, 167 for slimy skin disease, 160 to water ratio, 90–91, 155 salt bath, 163–164 Saltwater Aquariums For Dummies, 2nd Edition (Skomal), 20, 293 saltwater fish captive-bred species, 123 water drinking by, 91 saltwater systems adaptability, 296 availability, 296 beauty, 297 cost, 297 description, 20 difficulty of, 294–295 equipment, 297 expense of, 20 freshwater system compared, 296–297 invertebrates, 295–296 substrates and decorations for, 46 types of systems, 294
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