Cassino to the Alps - US Army Center Of Military History

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BATTLE FOR THE PASS about it. Once the 4th Parachute Division had committed every possible man to the fight as inhmtry-antitank gunners, engineers, even men of an untrustworthy Lithuanian Labor Battalion-all that was left were the two battalions of the Grenadier Lehr Brigade. Although Field Marshal Kesselring on 15 September authorized commitment of those battalions to help defend II Giogo Pass, he stipulated that they had to be released three davs later to rcinf
CHAPTER XX A Diversionary Operation Having breached the Gothic Line, Allied commanders were confident that they would soon sweep a broken and defeated enemy into the Po Valley. They were soon to learn that, to the contrary, heavy fighting still lay ahead. Even before the Fifth Army had begun its assault on II Giogo Pass, the Eighth Army got its first bitter taste of what lay ahead as the army attempted to exploit its penetration of the Gothic Line on the Adriatic flank. Since the start of the Eighth Army's phase of the offensive on 25 August, the Germans, skillfully defending along a series of ridges extending in a northeasterly direction from the Apennines, had exacted for each ridge a heavy toll in Allied personnel and materiel. Yet General Leese still had a reserve of uncommitted units: the British 4th and the 2d New Zealand Divisions and the 3d Greek Mountain and British 25th Tank Brigades. He also had ample reserve stocks with which to replenish materiel losses. The Eighth Army nevertheless continued to be plagued by the superior armor and firepower of German tanks. Even the introduction of ammunition that increased the firepower of the British tanks failed to compensate for their deficiencies vis-a-vis the heavier armor and more powerful guns of the German Panther. During the lull after the futile attempt to take the Coriano Ridge, Eighth Army logistical staffs had made strenuous efforts to bring forward new heavy British Churchill tanks, which were just beginning to arrive in Italy. At the same time, new 76-mm. U.S. Sherman tanks and I05-mm. self· propelled guns were arriving from the United States. Although U.S. units had priority on deliveries, the British 1'Cceived some of the new equipment. However, it would take considerable time to f()rward replacements to units still in dose contact with the enemy. When the heavy rains of the first week in September and a determined enemy had brought the Eighth Army to a halt before the Coria no Ridge, the army was still eight miles short of the Marecchia River, which marks the southern boundary of the Romagna Plain for which the British were striving. Ahead of the army lay three more of the northeastward extending ridges or spurs that had been serving the Germans as alternate lines of defense: the Ripabianca, a mile north of the Coriano Ridge, covering the crossings of the Formica Creek; the San Patrignano, from which the enemy could dominate the crossings of the Marano, two miles beyond the Formica; and two miles farther, the San Fortunato Ridge overlooking the Ausa River. Eighth Army aerial reconnaissance indicated that the enemy had developed fieldworks only on the latter ridge and thus
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UNITED STATES ARMY IN WORLD WAR II
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The Author Ernest F. Fisher, Jr., g
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Chapta Contents PART ONE The Spring
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Chapter XXIII. STALE\,IATE IN THE \
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merly chief o staff of the 95th Inf
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PREPARING FOR A J\;EW OFFENSIVE Pic
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DIADEM'S FIRST DAY-II MAY 43 confir
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DIADEM'S FIRST DAY-II MAY stalled a
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68 unaware of the 338th Infantry's
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100 next operations. Meanwhile, lar
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108 sItIons were to be held in stre
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110 Monte Cavo, both rIsmg hundreds
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While the Americans tried to rest d
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In direct defense of the major stro
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PART THREE DRIVE TO ROME If I kllO\
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176 CASSINO TO THE ALPS TANKS OF 1S
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STALEMATE ALO:'\JC THE CAESAR LINE
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BREAKING THE STALEMATE 197 \\'ay an
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from the 88th Division's 350th and
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THE FALL OF ROME 338th Infantry rea
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INTERLUDE IN ROME two weeks this wo
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CHAPTER XIII Pursuit North of Rome
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238 CASSINO TO THE ALPS reached a p
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PURSUIT NORTH OF ROME southward-flo
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PURSUIT NORTH OF ROME 243 name of t
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PURSUIT NORTH OF ROME overlooking t
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254 pause to enable him to effect t
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THE PURSUIT ENDS Route 68. As the d
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280 ordering forward the 4th Indian
Page 315: 290 CASSINO TO THE ALPS AERIAL VIEW
Page 330: PLANNINC FOR THE OFFENSIVE Minister
Page 334 and 335: PLANNING FOR THE OFFENSIVE each arm
Page 336: PLANNING FOR THE OFFENSIVE this. Th
Page 340 and 341: THE GOTHIC LINE OFFENSIVE BEGINS 31
Page 342 and 343: THE GOTHIC LINE OFFENSIVE BEGINS in
Page 347: 322 Even had there been no threat o
Page 350: BATTLE FOR THE PASS tered patches o
Page 357: 332 The counterattacks halted, Comp
Page 360 and 361: BATTLE FOR THE PASS tor, were at th
Page 364: A DIVERSIONARY OPERATION could be e
Page 369 and 370: 344 portion of the corps northeastw
Page 372: A DIVERSIONARY OPERATION GERMAN PRI
Page 375 and 376: 350 The Defense of Battle Mountain
Page 378 and 379: A DIVERSIONARY OPERATION last men d
Page 380: IN THE NORTHERN APENNINES However h
Page 387: 362 ander had little choice but to
Page 393 and 394: 368 Division commander, turned his
Page 397: 372 CASSINO TO THE ALPS Leghorn to
Page 400: FROM RIDGE TO RIDGE promptly reinfo
Page 404 and 405: TOW ARD A WINTER ST ALEMA TE alread
Page 406: TOWARD A WINTER ST ALEMA TE own loc
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390 tions encompassing Monte Grande
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402 ance. Two days later the Canadi
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408 was to shift additional units t
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STALEMATE IN THE MOUNTAINS AND ON T
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THROUGH THE WINTER The unsung heroe
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420 to traverse the Brenner Pass by
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426 CASSINO TO THE ALPS ground domi
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428 ARTILLERY AMMUNITION BEING BROU
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432 noon of the 21 st renewed the d
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438 between Army Group C and OKW an
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442 of the previous autumn and wint
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STRATEGIES AND PLANS had done in th
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STRATEGIES AND PLANS items of new e
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454 forces still in northwest Italy
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BREAKTHROUGH ON THE EIGHTH ARMY FRO
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464 billowing clouds of dust raised
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466 sion prepared to move on Bastia
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468 gade was at the same time to co
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BREAKTHROUGH ON THE FIFTH ARMY'S FR
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478 exploit his vast superiority in
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480 CASSINO TO THE ALPS renewed IV
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BREAKTHROUGH ON T'HE FIFTH ARMY'S F
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PART EIGHT PURSUIT TO THE ALPS Now,
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RACE FOR THE PO 491 and small ferry
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RACE FOR THE PO 12,000-man Austrian
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496 CASSINO TO THE ALPS AMERICAN TR
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The Fifth Army's immediate goal bey
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TO THE ALPS Battalion started out e
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TO THE ALPS South African armoured
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506 AMERICAN INFANTRY ENTER VICENZA
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The campaign in Italy would -end as
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THE CAPITULATION The Cermans did as
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THE CAPITULATION ders to their troo
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88TH DIVISION IN ALPINE PASS
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540 the sobriquet "Smiling AI," Kes
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AAF AAI AAR Abn ACC ACMF ACotS Admi
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ANVIL AVALANCHE CROSSWORD DIADEM DR
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Logistical Support of the Armies, V
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INDEX McGarr, Col. Lionel c.: 135-3
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'" BOH/GNA q , Ii , , ti II q " q ,
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Cassino to the Alps - US Army Center Of Military History

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