Rainfed rice - IRRI books - International Rice Research Institute

RAINFED RICE A SOURCEBOOK OF BEST PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES IN EASTERN INDIA
Banned pesticides
The following pesticides are banned in
India as per notification of the Government
of India letter no. 8-20/97-CIR II dated
August 19, 1997.
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Calcium cyanide
Chlordane
Copper aceto
arsenite
Dibro mochloropropans
(DC CP)
Endrin
Ethyl mercury
chloride
Ethyl parathion
Heptachlor
Menazon
Nicotine sulphate
manufactured in
India for export
272
Nitrofon
Paraquat
dimethyl
sulfate
Pentachloronitrobenzene
(PCNB)
Pentachlorophenol
(PCP)
Phenyl mercury
acetate (PMA)
Sodium
methane
arsonate (SMA)
Tetradifon
Toxaphene
BHC
Besides arsenic, nitrite poisoning which
comes to the groundwater from urea fertiliser
has posed a direct threat to human lives.
Urea is converted to nitrate.
Nitrate is converted to nitrite and this nitrite
comes to the drinking water to an extent of
1000 ppm, causing acute problems in
human beings such as child blindness,
hepatic ulcer, uterine and breast cancer,
drying of bone marrow and cirrhosis of liver.
Not only pesticides but also agrochemicals may
pollute the drinking water, in both villages and
towns, particularly for poor people with low protein
intake who are prone to these types of problems.
This problem can be mitigated by oxidation of ,
nitrite-contaminated drinking water through
multilayer algal groups or three layers of lime in
overhead tanks.
Integrated pest management (IPM) - an eco-friendly
approach
One scientific approach to counter pesticide hazards is the use of IPM. It is
the integration of cultural and mechanical methods, use of natural
products, behavioural approaches, conservation and augmentation of
biological agents and need-based chemicals.
Cultural practices on IPM
Use healthy seeds.
Grow resistant/tolerant varieties.
Use summer deep ploughing.
Destroy crop residues.
Follow proper sowing time and method.
Use crop rotations to check pest growth.
Maintain optimum plant density.
Follow inter-cropping.
Grow trap crops and carrier crops.
Avoid excessive irrigation and fertilisation.
Use water-logging in summer season to kill soil-borne pests and
pathogens.