Rainfed rice - IRRI books - International Rice Research Institute
Rainfed rice - IRRI books - International Rice Research Institute
Rainfed rice - IRRI books - International Rice Research Institute
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RAINFED RICE A SOURCEBOOK OF BEST PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES IN EASTERN INDIA<br />
68<br />
Yearly fluctuation in <strong>rice</strong> fields must be stabilised to ensure adequate food<br />
supply to <strong>rice</strong> farmers and consumers.<br />
Productivity constraints<br />
Erratic rainfall resulting in drought or flood<br />
Weed infestation<br />
Low input use<br />
Disease and insect pests<br />
Use of low-yielding variety<br />
Improving yield<br />
Breeding components Agronomic components<br />
Identify an appropriate variety through Seeding at proper depth (4 cm deep).<br />
on-farm selection for site-specific<br />
Ensure optimum plant population through<br />
uses.<br />
appropriate crop establishment practices.<br />
Use the selected variety, for example: Keep the field free from weeds up to 45<br />
• Short-duration variety (85-95 days) days after seeding/transplanting.<br />
for uplands<br />
• 110-115 days <strong>rice</strong> variety for<br />
Fertilise the crop on soil-test basis.<br />
Follow integrated pest management<br />
shallow lowlands throughout crop growth.<br />
Use a <strong>rice</strong> variety having early vigour Keep fields free from water/moisture<br />
for weed suppression. stress.<br />
Avoid harvest and post-harvest losses.<br />
Stabilising yield<br />
Pest management Maintaining soil health<br />
Adopt integrated pest management<br />
•<br />
•<br />
•<br />
•<br />
•<br />
Grow resistant <strong>rice</strong> variety in<br />
endemic and problematic areas<br />
Apply biological control measures<br />
Use mechanical means, such as<br />
traps<br />
Practice agronomic/crop cultural<br />
manipulations, such as crop<br />
rotation, moisture conservation,<br />
planting, spacing, etc<br />
Use chemical means only when<br />
absolutely necessary<br />
Adopt integrated nutrient management<br />
•<br />
Monitor productivity and fertility trends<br />
• Assess processes of soil degradation<br />
• Follow soil-test recommendation for<br />
fertiliser applications<br />
• Use both organic and inorganic sources,<br />
including green manures<br />
• Recycle all available organic matter in the<br />
field<br />
• Take care of critically limiting nutrient<br />
elements<br />
• Avoid nutrient losses as much as<br />
possible, for example, suspend irrigation<br />
and drainage at the time of fertiliser<br />
application or apply chemical fertiliser<br />
after incubating with farmyard manure,<br />
etc.<br />
• Include leguminous crop in the cropping<br />
system
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