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Carl%20Sagan%20-%20The%20Demon%20Haunted%20World

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THE DEMON-HAUNTED WORLD<br />

'apporting', accounts of such experiences might gain approval,<br />

even prestige. In the former, I would be sorely tempted to<br />

suppress the thing altogether; in the latter, maybe even to<br />

exaggerate or elaborate just a little to make it even more<br />

miraculous than it seemed.<br />

Charles Dickens, who lived in a flourishing rational culture in<br />

which, however, spiritualism was also thriving, described the<br />

dilemma in these words (from his short story, 'To Be Taken with a<br />

Grain of Salt'):<br />

I have always noticed a prevalent want of courage, even<br />

among persons of superior intelligence and culture, as to<br />

imparting their own psychological experiences when those<br />

have been of a strange sort. Almost all men are afraid that<br />

what they could relate in such wise would find no parallel or<br />

response in a listener's internal life, and might be suspected<br />

or laughed at. A truthful traveller who should have seen some<br />

extraordinary creature in the likeness of a sea-serpent, would<br />

have no fear of mentioning it; but the same traveller having<br />

had some singular presentiment, impulse, vagary of thought,<br />

vision (so-called), dream, or other remarkable mental<br />

impression, would hesitate considerably before he would own<br />

to it. To his reticence I attribute much of the obscurity in<br />

which such subjects are involved.<br />

In our time, there is still much dismissive chortling and ridicule.<br />

But the reticence and obscurity is more readily overcome, for<br />

example, in a 'supportive' setting provided by a therapist or<br />

hypnotist. Unfortunately - and, for some people, unbelievably -<br />

the distinction between imagination and memory is often blurred.<br />

Some 'abductees' say they remember the experience without<br />

hypnosis; many do not. But hypnosis is an unreliable way to<br />

refresh memory. It often elicits imagination, fantasy and play as<br />

well as true recollections, with neither patient nor therapist able to<br />

distinguish the one from the other. Hypnosis seems to involve, in<br />

a central way, a state of heightened suggestibility. Courts have<br />

banned its use as evidence or even as a tool of criminal investigation.<br />

The American Medical Association calls memories surfacing<br />

130

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