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Carl%20Sagan%20-%20The%20Demon%20Haunted%20World

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Newton's Sleep<br />

It's been a long time since there's been a Shatammu in Ninmah, or<br />

even a Ninmah. Despite the fact that Enlil and Ninlil were major<br />

gods - people all over the civilized western world had prayed to<br />

them for two thousand years - was poor Mili-Shipak in fact<br />

praying to a phantom, to a societally condoned product of his<br />

imagination? And if so, what about us? Or is this blasphemy, a<br />

forbidden question, as doubtless it was among the worshippers of<br />

Enlil?<br />

Does prayer work at all? Which ones?<br />

There's a category of prayer in which God is begged to<br />

intervene in human history or just to right some real or imagined<br />

injustice or natural calamity - for example, when a bishop from<br />

the American West prays for God to intervene and end a<br />

devastating dry spell. Why is the prayer needed? Didn't God<br />

know of the drought? Was he unaware that it threatened the<br />

bishop's parishioners? What is implied here about the limitations<br />

of a supposedly omnipotent and omniscient deity? The bishop<br />

asked his followers to pray as well. Is God more likely to intervene<br />

when many pray for mercy or justice than when only a few do? Or<br />

consider the following request, printed in 1994 in The Prayer and<br />

Action Weekly News: Iowa's Weekly Christian Information<br />

Source:<br />

Can you join me in praying that God will burn down the<br />

Planned Parenthood in Des Moines in a manner no one can<br />

mistake for any human torching, which impartial investigators<br />

will have to attribute to miraculous (unexplainable)<br />

causes, and which Christians will have to attribute to the<br />

Hand of God?<br />

We've discussed faith-healing. What about longevity through<br />

prayer? The Victorian statistician Francis Galton argued that,<br />

other things being equal, British monarchs ought to be very<br />

long-lived, because millions of people all over the world daily<br />

intoned the heartfelt mantra 'God Save the Queen' (or King).<br />

Yet, he showed, if anything, they don't live as long as other<br />

members of the wealthy and pampered aristocratic class. Tens of<br />

millions of people in concert publicly wished (although they did<br />

263

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