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Carl%20Sagan%20-%20The%20Demon%20Haunted%20World

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THE DEMON-HAUNTED WORLD<br />

which may have been the decisive element in the Battle of Britain<br />

and in the Nazi defeat in World War Two (which I like to think of<br />

as 'Dafty', the boy who didn't fit in, reaching into the future and<br />

saving the descendants of his tormentors); the control and navigation<br />

of airplanes, ships and spacecraft; radio astronomy and the<br />

search for extraterrestrial intelligence; and significant aspects of<br />

the electrical power and microelectronics industries.<br />

What's more, Faraday's and Maxwell's notion of fields has been<br />

enormously influential in understanding the atomic nucleus, quantum<br />

mechanics, and the fine structure of matter. His unification of<br />

electricity, magnetism and light into one coherent mathematical<br />

whole is the inspiration for subsequent attempts - some successful,<br />

some still in their rudimentary stages - to unify all aspects of<br />

the physical world, including gravity and nuclear forces, into one<br />

grand theory. Maxwell may fairly be said to have ushered in the<br />

age of modern physics.<br />

Our current view of the silent world of Maxwell's varying<br />

electric and magnetic vectors is described by Richard Feynman in<br />

these words:<br />

Try to imagine what the electric and magnetic fields look like<br />

at present in the space of this lecture room. First of all, there<br />

is a steady magnetic field; it comes from the currents in the<br />

interior of the earth - that is, the earth's steady magnetic<br />

field. Then there are some irregular, nearly static electric<br />

fields produced perhaps by electric charges generated by<br />

friction as various people move about in their chairs and rub<br />

their coat sleeves against the chair arms. Then there are other<br />

magnetic fields produced by oscillating currents in the electrical<br />

wiring - fields which vary at a frequency of 60 cycles per<br />

second, in synchronism with the generator at Boulder Dam.<br />

But more interesting are the electric and magnetic fields<br />

varying at much higher frequencies. For instance, as light<br />

travels from window to floor and wall to wall, there are little<br />

wiggles of the electric and magnetic fields moving along at<br />

186,000 miles per second. Then there are also infrared waves<br />

travelling from the warm foreheads to the cold blackboard.<br />

And we have forgotten the ultraviolet light, the X-rays, and<br />

368

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