Invasive alien species in Switzerland - Schweizer ...

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An inventory of alien species and their threat to biodiversity and economy in Switzerland FOEN 2006 100 Species Habitat – Life traits Origin References for Switzerland Lepinotus patruelis Pearman Domestic, rarely outdoors Unclear (see text) Lienhard, 1994 Lepinotus reticulatus Enderlein Domestic, occasionally outdoors Unclear (see text) Lienhard, 1994 Trogium pulsatorium (L.) Domestic Unclear, perhaps Mediterranean region (see text) Psyllipsocidae Dorypteryx domestica (Smithers) Dorypteryx longipennis Smithers Dorypteryx pallida Aaron Psyllipsocus ramburii Sélys-Longchamps Troctomorpha Liposcelididae Domestic Domestic Domestic Domestic and in caves Unclear, perhaps Africa (see text) Unclear (see text) Unclear, perhaps North America (see text) Unclear (see text) Lienhard, 1994 Lienhard, 1994 Lienhard, 1994 Lienhard, 1994 Lienhard, 1994 Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel Domestic, occasionally outdoors Unclear (see text) Lienhard, 1994 Liposcelis brunnea Motschulsky Domestic, occasionally outdoors Unclear (see text) Lienhard, 1994 Liposcelis corrodens (Heymons) Domestic, occasionally outdoors Unclear (see text) Lienhard, 1994 Liposcelis decolor (Pearman) Domestic, occasionally outdoors Unclear (see text) Lienhard, 1994 Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein) Domestic Unclear (see text) Lienhard, 1994 Liposcelis mendax Pearman Liposcelis pearmani Lienhard Domestic Domestic, occasionally outdoors Unclear, perhaps Asia (see text) Unclear (see text) Lienhard, 1994 Lienhard, 1994 Liposcelis pubescens Broadhead Domestic Unclear (see text) Lienhard, 1994 Sphaeropsocidae Badonnelia titei Pearman Domestic Unclear (see text) Lienhard, 1994 Psocomorpha Ectopsocidae Ectopsocus pumilis (Banks) Ectopsocus richardsi (Pearman) Ectopsocus vachoni Badonnel SIPHONAPTERA Pulicidae Ctenocephalides felis felis Spilopsylus cuniculi (Dale) ANOPLURA Hoplopleuridae Domestic Domestic Domestic (Bouché) Ectoparasite on cat and, occasionally, other carnivores Ectoparasite on rabbit and, occasionally, other mammals Unclear, perhaps Asia (see text) Unclear, perhaps Asia (see text) Unclear, perhaps Mediterranean region (see text) Cosmopolitan, probably not Europe Probably Iberian Peninsula Lienhard, 1994 Lienhard, 1994 Lienhard, 1994 Beaucournu and Launay (1990) Beaucournu and Launay (1990) Haemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) Ectoparasite on rabbit Probably Iberian Peninsula Büttiker and Mahnert (1978)
5 > Spiders and Allies – Arachnida 101 5 > Spiders and Allies – Arachnida Prepared by Theo Blick, Ambros Haenggi and Rüdiger Wittenberg 5.1 Introduction This chapter summarizes the available information on Arachnida, except Acari, covering species’ distribution, biology, and potential harm to the environment and economy. Since knowledge of the natural distribution, origins and movement for the Arachnida is very limited, it was decided to use specific definitions for the terms described below, so that coverage of invasive species is expanded to include native species which are spreading, thereby not discriminating between natural spread and human-mediated expansion. The following definitions characterize the framework for this chapter, and explain which species are covered and which are not. > Neozoa (Geiter et al., 2002): A neozoan animal has been introduced, by direct or indirect human mediation, to a region to which it is not native and has established a population there. > Invasive Species (Geiter et al., 2002): This term does not discriminate between natural and human-mediated colonization of a new territory and focuses on species causing problems. The spiders discussed in this report are categorized mainly by habitat and biology, as follows: > Species of natural habitats: spiders and their relatives which live in natural, nearnatural or human-influenced habitats (e.g. crop fields), but not in close proximity to human buildings. The report focuses on species which have changed their distribution, mainly during the last two decades because of a lack of older data. It is based on pitfall trap results, since continuous and standardized information on orb web species is not available. > Species inside, and in close proximity, to human buildings: spiders and their relatives which typically inhabit walls of buildings or live in direct contact with humans, and which have expanded their distribution range into Central Europe during recent decades. > House-dwelling species: spiders and their relatives which exclusively occur in buildings, and no populations in natural habitats are known. > Greenhouse-inhabiting species: spiders and their relatives which, in Central Europe, exclusively inhabit greenhouses and other similarly warm buildings. They have established populations in these warm environments, but cannot survive out-
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Impressum Editor Federal Office for
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Abstracts 5 > Abstracts Globalizati
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Vorwort 7 > Vorwort Die weitgehend
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Summary 9 impacts, pathways and con
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Summary 11 the fish section. The aq
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Zusammenfassung 13 fremden Arten zu
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Zusammenfassung 15 In den Texten de
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Résumé 17 > Résumé La globalisa
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Résumé 19 également conduit au r
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Résumé 21 Suisse. Il est fortemen
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Résumé 23 in this report on the b
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Résumé 25 Changes in distribution
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Résumé 27 Feral mammals introduce
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Résumé 29 expanding their populat
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Résumé 31 a stream in a valley, o
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Résumé 33 would be fees and taxes
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1 > Introduction 35 References Bask
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2 > Vertebrates - Vertebrata 37 The
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2 > Vertebrates - Vertebrata 39 urb
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2 > Vertebrates - Vertebrata 41 ere
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2 > Vertebrates - Vertebrata 43 est
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Page 69 and 70: 3 > Crustaceans - Crustacea 67 ball
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Page 73 and 74: 4 > Insects - Insecta 71 4 > Insect
Page 75 and 76: 4 > Insects - Insecta 73 the brink
Page 77 and 78: 4 > Insects - Insecta 75 (see Fact
Page 79 and 80: 4 > Insects - Insecta 77 food facto
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Page 89 and 90: 4 > Insects - Insecta 87 Klausnitze
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Page 137 and 138: 10 > Plants - Planta 135 In total,
Page 139 and 140: 10 > Plants - Planta 137 The majori
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10 > Plants - Planta 153 Fact Speci
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10 > Plants - Planta 155 Fact Sheet
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