DICTIONARY OF MUSIC - El Atril

GLlSER GLAZOUNOV 175
after was made an Honorary Member of the
Royal Academy of Music. He took the degree
of .Mus.D. in 1S79, and is also a Fellow of the
College of Organists, a I\Icmber of the Board of
Musical Studies at Cambridge, and a teacher of
organ, etc. at the Royal College of Music. Having
been received into the Roman Catholic Church,
lie was ajipointed director of the choir at St.
Mary of the Angels, Bayswater, about 1887,
and held the post until 1894. Dr. Gladstone,
who is one of the ttrst of living Englisli organists,
has composed much music for his instrument,
besides services, anthems, songs, a chorus (with
orchestral accompaniment), ' A wet sheet and a
1885 ; a mass in E minor (MS.), written for
the Brompton Oratory ; and a short mass in
Eb, are among Dr. Gladstone's most important
works. "w. B. .s.
GLASER, Franz, born at Obergeorgenthal
studied the violin
in Bohemia, April 19, 1798 ;
at the Conservatorium of Prague in 1813-17 ;
going to Vienna in the latter year he became
coniluctor at the Leopoldstadt Theatre, in 1822
at the Josephstadt Theatre, in 1827 at the
Theatre 'an der Wien,' and in 1830 at the
Kbnigstadt Theatre in Berlin. From 1842 to
his death, August 29, 1861, he was court
conductor at Copenhagen. He wrote a great
number of operas, nuisical comedies, farces, etc.,
only one of which, ' Des Adlers Horst ' (Berlin,
1832 '), achieved a wide celebrity. M.
GLAREANUS, Henricus, so called because
he was born (in .lune 1488) in the Canton of
Glarus, his real name being LoRLS or. Latinised,
LoRrrus ; a celebrated teacher of music. Heis-
said to have been a shepherd-boy in his youth ;
but he studied music with Rubellus at Berne,
and afterwards under Coclilaus at Cologne,
where he was crowned poet-laureate in 1512 for
a poem in honour of the Emperor, which he
composed and sang to his own accompaniment.
In 1515 he was teaching mathematics at Basle,
and in 1517 was appointed, at the recommendation
of Erasmus, professor of philosoplry and
' artes liberales '
in Paris. He returned in 1522
to Basle, wliere lie is said to have set up a school,
and from whence he removed to Freiburg im
Breisgau in 1529. Prof H. Schreiber, in an
excellent monograph on Glareanus (Freiburg,
1 The diction.try-makers have made various errors with regard to
the date of this work. Riemann's flpi^rn-jhindbw-h gives it as 18:50,
but the author has the correct d.ate. 18."1'2, in his I.exiknn ; in Baker's
fiinfj. Diet, the dat« is given as l&'W, probably owing to the fact that
the opera is mentioned in a summary of works given at Berlin in
the previous year, in the Alliicm. .Vusik Zeitung for Jan. 18.'J3.
Riemann's Lcxikon (.5th ed.) gave the date of death as 1869. but the
6th ed . corrects It. and the newspapers of 1 861 confirm the above date.
1837), proves that it was not at the University
of either Paris, Basle, or Freiburg, that lie was
professor. He was blind in his later years, and
died March 28, 1563, at Freiburg. His friends,
Erasmus, Justus Lipsius, and Vossins, wrote
panegyrics on him. His principal works on the
theory of music are Jsagoge in viusicen Henrici
Qlaveani , etc. (the dedication 'ad Falconem
ConsulemurbisAventinensis,' Avignon, is headed
' Basileae, anno Christi 1516, 4to ad idns Martias
'), now extremely scarce, containing chapters
on solmisation, the intervals, modes, tones, and
their treatment ; and AfiAEKAXOPAON (1647,
fob), a still more important work, the aim of
flowing sea,' an overture (MS.), a piano trio
'
(MS.), a}id two sacred cantatas—
' Nicodemus
which is to pirove that there are twelve church
modes, corresponding totheancientGreek modes,
(produced by the Highbury Philharmonic Society and not eight, as many writers liave maintained.
' 1880) and Philippi, or the Acts of Paul and
Silas in Jlacedonia,'—tlie latter of which was
The third part contains numerous examples from
the works of Okeghem, Obrecht, Josquin de
written for the North-Eastern Choirs Associa- Pres, and other musicians of the 15th and 16th
tion, and produced at Newcastle in July 1883.
A cantata, 'Constance of Calais,' performed
centuries, valuable also as specimens of early
music-printing. AVonnegger of Lithuania pub-
by the Highbury Philharmonic Society, in lished an abstract of the Dodccachordon (Freiburg,
1557), the second edition of which (1559)
contains a poem by Glareanus in ]iraise of the
thirteen Federal cities of Switzerland, set to
music by Manfred Barbarin. The catalogue of
Draudius mentions a third treatise Dc iiiuskcs
dirisione at: dcfinUione (Basle, 1549) ; but as the
headings of the chapters are identical with those
in the Dodcaichordon^ it can scarcely be a
separate work. In 1888 Peter Bohn made a
German translation of t\i& Dodxcachordiyn{PuhUJ:
d. Ccs'. /. Musikfors'-'hunf/)^ with the examples
in modern score, and an abstract of Schreiber's
biography. His theory of the t^\"elve church
modes, as parallel to the ancient Greek modes,
will assure for Glareanus a lasting place among
writers on the science of music. r. G.
GLASENAPP, Carl Friedrich, born at
Riga, Oct. 3, 1847, studied philology at Dorpat,
and has lived since 1875 in his native town.
He is the author of the authoritative life of
Wagner ; his book, Richard Wagner, Leheih
imd IVirken, appeared in two volumes in 1876,
and the second edition, much enlarged, in 1882.
In 1894 appeared the first instalment of the
tliird edition, which is not yet complete (1905),
the second volume having appeared in two
portions in 1897 and 1899. A translation, with
still further amplifications, by Mr. Win. Ashton
Ellis, is in progress, the tliree volumes having
appeared in fgOO, 1901, and 1903. The
fourth volume of Mr. Ashton Ellis's work
(1904) is independent of Glaseiiapp. M.
GLAZOUNOV, Alexander ConstantinovicH,
born Au,gust 10, 1865, in St. Petersburg,
was the son of a well-known publisher and
bookseller. After leaving tlie ' Real ' or modern
school, Glazounov attended some lectures at
the Universitj' of St. Petersburg as a ' voluntary '
or non-attached student. At nine he began to
take lessons in pianoforte and elementary theory.