DICTIONARY OF MUSIC - El Atril

336 HARTVIGSON HARTVIGSON
generations. Johaxn Ernst (1726-1793) was
a violinist and composer, who, after liolding
several musical posts at Breslau and Rudolstadt,
became capellnieister to tlie Duke of Ploen, and
went witli him to Coi»enhagen. Here he was
leader of tlie royal baud from 1768, and wrote
much music, now completely forgotten, witli the
exception of the song 'Kong Christian,' which
first appeared in an opera ' Die Fisclier, ' and
has since been adopted as tlie Danish National
Hymn. He died in 1793. His second son,
AuGU.ST WiLHELM, born 1775, held the post
of organist to the Garrison Church in Copenhagen
from 1800 to 1850, and was the father of
JoHANN Peter Emilius, born May 14, 1805,
who for many years held a high place among
Danish composers. His opera ' ' Ravnen (The
Raven), to words by H. C. Andersen, was produced
Oct. 29, : 832. It was followed by ' Die
goldnen Horner' in 1834, and 'Die Corsaren
on April 23, ' '
1835, and Liden Kirsten (' Little
Cliristie'), on May 12, 1846. Besides these
he wrote much for the theatre in tlie way of
incidental music, etc., as well as choral works
(among tliem a cantata on tlie death of Thorwaldsen,
1848), songs, a symphony in G minor,
dedicated to Spohr, and performed at Cassel in
1838, and many piano pieces. See the Samnwl-
Idnde of the Int. Miis. Ges. vol. ii. p. 455. He
was made director of the Copenhagen Conservatoriura
in 1840. He died March 10, 1900.
His son,
Emil, born Feb. 21, 1836, studied with his
father and with N. W. Gaile, his brother-in-law,
held between 1861 and 1873 various appointments
as organist, but on account of weak health
subsequently devoted liimself almost entirely
to composition. In 1891 he succeeded Gade
as director of the ilusical Society of Copenhagen.
Among his works, which have obtained
great success both in Denmark and Germany,
may be mentioned the operas :— ' Die Erlenmad-
chen' (1867), 'Die Ni.xe,' 'Die Korsikaner
and ' ' Runenzauber (1896); a ballet ' Fjeldstuen
'
;
' Nordische Volkstiinze ' (op. 18), three
symphonies, in E flat, A minor, and D, an over-
' ture Ein nordische Heerfahrt ' (op.
25), a
choral cantata 'Winter and Spring' (op. 13),
concertos for violin and violoncello, a serenade
for piano, clarinet, and violoncello (op. 24), and
many songs. He died at Copenhagen, July 18,
1898. M.
HARTVIGSON, Frit.s, born May 31, 1841,
at Grenaae, Jutland, Denmark, received in-
struction in music and on the piano from his
mother, and at Copenhagen from Gade, Gebauer,
and Anton Ree. At the age of fourteen he
played in concerts in Copenhagen, and made
a tour through Norway in 1858, at Christiania
being personally complimented by Kjerulf. By
assistance from the Danish Government he
studied at Berlin from 1859 to 1862 under Yon
Billow, with whom he played there at a concert
Liszt's A major Concerto and Hungarian Fantasia,
arranged for two pianos. He next played Rubinstein's
third Concerto at the Gewandhaus Concerts
in 1861, and Schumann's Concerto at Copenhagen
under Gade in 1863. On the death of
his father in the Prusso-Danish war, he came to
England and played with great success Mendelssohn's
' Serenade and Allegro giojoso ' at the
Philharmonic, June 27, 1864. From that time
until the present ih. Hartvigson has lived in
England, with the exception of two years between
1873 and 1875, when he resided at St. Petersburg.
He played at the JIusical Union, and
introduced there Scliumann's Trio in F, April
24, 1866. He introduced Liszt's music at the
Philharmonic, where he played that composer's
first Concerto on June 10, 1872, At the Crystal
Palace he introduced Schubert's Fantasia, op.
15 (arranged by Liszt for piano and orchestra),
and
on Oct. 6, 1866 : also Rubinstein's fourth Concerto,
Nov. 16, 1872 ;
Bronsart's Concerto,
Sept. 30, 1876. He was officially appointed
Pianist to Queen Alexandra (when Princess of
Wales) in 1873, and Professor of Music at the
Normal College for the Blind at Norwood in
1875. In 1879, and for several years afterwards,
Mr. Hartvigson was prevented from appearing in
public owing to an injury to his left arm. He
happily recovered its use, and appeared at W.
Bache's concert, Feb. 21, 1887, playing Liszt's
'Mazeppa' and 'Hungaria, ' arranged by the
composer for two pianos. He also played at the
London Symphony Concerts on Jan. 10, 1888
(and subsequently at a Rieliter concert) Liszt's
' Todtentanz, ' which he had introduced to the
English public in 1878 under Billow's direction.
Mr. Hartvigson has played abroad, at Copenhagen
in 1872 and 1889, at Munich (under Biilow), in
aid of the Bayreuth Building Fund, August 24,
1872, and in concerts at St. Petersburg, Moscow,
and in Finland. In 1888 he was appointed
Professor at the Royal Academy of Music, and
in 1894 an honorary member of the institution.
In 1895 he was an examiner for the associateship
of the Royal College of Music, and in the same
year the King of Denmark made him a knight
of the order of the Dannebrog. In 1905 he was
appointed professor at the Royal College of Music.
His brother, Anton, born Oct. 16, 1845, at
Aarhus, Jylland, received instruction in music
from his mother, Tausig, and Edmund Neupert.
He first played in concerts at Copenhagen,
and came to England in 1873, where he finally
settled in 1882, when he was appointed a
Professor at the Normal College. With the
exception of his yearly recitals he rarely played
in public. In 1893 he settted at Copenhagen
as a teacher of his instrument. He has made
a speciality there of giving yearly courses of
lectures in which he analyses the principal
pianoforte compositions of the great masters,
besides performing them in their entirety. In
1900 the King of Denmark conferred on him