DICTIONARY OF MUSIC - El Atril

224 GREEK MUSIC GREEK MUSIC
instruments. The octachord scales are exem-
plifications of it
OcTAOHOKD Scales in the Three Genera
WITH THE Names of the Individual Notes.
Enhak-"]
MONIC. !
Chro- "^
Dta.
TONIC.
--^^:r-^.
5=3^1^^ =^
n
=^ =^"^g=g^Egi ^
Paramese signifies 'beside the middle.' The
last of these methods of collocation practicallydisplaced
the others, for it alone was nmsically
satisfactory. The octachord scale alone has a
permanent tonic ; the others modulate, to use
our term, one into !;he flat, the other into the
sharp keys.
Delicient scales are also common, e.g. Terpander's
scale (see Aristotle, Prohl. xix. 32,
and Nicomachus, ed. Meibom, p. 7)
a heptachord scale obtained by omission of one
note of the octachord ; and the
enharmonic scale of Olympus,
q
^—-j-j^^-j—
a trichord obtained by omission %J~~
of one note of the tetrachord. For other deficient
scales see Aristides Quintilianus, ed. Meibom,
p. 21.
C. Modes, {a) Form of the Modes. If in the
indefinitely prolonged scale arising from the
third method of collocating tetrachords we seek
for a segment capable of supplying the notes for
the first phrase of ' Voi che sapete ' we find it
in the segment
tone tfine A tone tone tone i tnne tone
If again we wish to render the opening phrase
of 'Deb vieni, non tardar/ we are obliged
to abandon that segment, and adopt the following
tone tone J tnne tone tone tone ^ tone
ISTow, since Greek instruments were limited in
compass, difierent instruments or different
tunings of the one instrument were necessary
in order to obtain such different segments. In
this way these segments obtained a certain
importance and gwrtsi-independence, and were
called modes {rpbiroi or dd-q). The schemes and
names of the modes were as follows
MiXOLYDIAN.
Enha r-iMONic TONIC
tone
\ tone \ tone ditone \ tone \ tone ditone I
Chromatic tonic
J tone A- tone 1^ tone ^ tone ^ tone 1^ tone 1 tone
Diatonic tonic
J tone tone tone l- tone tone tone I tone
Lydian.
Enharmonic tonic
J tone
J tnne ditone J tone J tone ditone I tone
Chromatic tonic
^ tone \\ tone \ tone J tone \\ tone j tone ^ tone
Diatonic tonic
^ tone
tone tone J tone tone tone I tone
Phrygian.
I
Enharmonic ton tc
ditone \ tone J tone ditone tone \ tone \ tone
I
Chromatic tokic
\h tone I tnne i tone 1| tone tone \ tone \ tone
Diatonic tonic
tone ^ tone tone tone I tone ^ tone tone
Dorian.
EnHA RMONIC tonic
i tone \ tone ditone
\ tone 1 tone ditone I tone
Chromatic tonic
\ tone \ tone 1^ tonel tone h tone ^ tnne IJ tone
Diatonic tonic
tone ^- tone tone tone
i tone tone tone |
Hypolydian.
Enharmonic tonic
\ tone \ tone ditone \ tone
\ tone ditone I tone
Chromatic tonic
\ tone 1^ tonel tone J tone J tone IJ tone ^ tone
Diatonic tonic
tone tnne [ tone \ tone tone tone J- tone