THESIS

(qualitative) traits. The cluster analysis and dendrogram of ratio scale traits were
carried out using the UPGMA method TREE program of SAS version 6.03 computer
software (SAS, 1999), while nominal traits, cluster analysis and dendrogram
construction were done using R program version 2.6.1 (Hornik, 2007).
1.2.1 Preliminary analysis
The selected 89 accessions which were used in the morphological
analysis possess primarily uniform and complete characterization data (Appendix
Table A2 and A3). The morphological characterization of 89 accessions covered the
seedling, vegetative part, inflorescence, fruit and seed traits. Descriptor without the
needed actual measurement removed and in effect, could allow the accommodation of
more accessions. Moreover, those that have identical character state codes for all the
accessions were not included at all. This was necessary because these state codes have
little discriminating power and as a consequence, accessions could not be
distinguished from each other (Rumbaoa, 1981). Further, Sneath and Sokal (1963)
reasoned that their presence was obvious in a small study. If they were standardized,
they will be automatically disqualified since their standard deviation is zero and
computations performed on the standardized character state codes would require
division by zero.
I. Selection of accessions and descriptors
The deficient characterization data accessions were disqualified from
the study. The verified characterization database file, descriptors without the required
actual measurements were removed therefore more accessions were accommodated.
Those descriptors that have identical character state codes for all the accessions were
not included at all (Sneath and Sokal, 1963; Rumbaoa, 1981).
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