THESIS

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Table 11 (Continued) Nominal traits Frequency Species Population (%) Fruit color at Green S. torvum 10 accs. (14.49 %) commercial ripeness S. viarum 1 accs. (1.45 %) S. xanthocarpum 6 accs. (8.70 %) Fruit color at Deep yellow S. aculeatissimum 2 accs. (2.90 %) physiological ripeness (42.03 %) S. melongena 20 accs. (28.49 %) S. viarum 1 accs. (1.45 %) S. xanthocarpum 6 accs. (8.70 %) Fruit flesh density Loose S. aethiopicum 1 accs. (1.45 %) (crumbly) S. ferox 17 accs. (24.64 %) (46.38 %) S. melongena 1 accs. (1.45 %) S. torvum 10 accs. (14.49 %) S. viarum 1 accs. (1.45 %) S. xanthocarpum 2 accs. (2.90 %) Fruit yield per plant Low (~500) S. aculeatissimum 1 accs. (1.45 %) (g) (75.36 %) S. ferox 14 accs. (20.29 %) S. indicum 6 accs. (8.70 %) S. melongena 15 accs. (21.74 %) S. trilobatum 2 accs. (2.90 %) S. torvum 10 accs. (14.49 %) S. xanthocarpum 4 accs. (5.80 %) Seed color Light yellow S. aethiopicum 1 accs. (1.45 %) (46.38 %) S. ferox 15 accs. (21.74 %) S. indicum 7 accs. (10.14 %) S. sanitwongsei 1 accs. (1.45 %) S. trilobatum 1 accs. (1.45 %) S. torvum 7 accs. (10.14 %) 67
The similarity coefficient values (8.47) of 69 accessions were divided into 9 clusters by using R-program version 2.6.1. Here, the majority of the accessions is shown in Table 12. Cluster I: the first cluster is the largest cluster with 19 accessions. This account for the 27.14 % of the total accessions stratified. This cluster represents the majority of mixture accessions belonging to Solanum melongena, S. aculeatissimum and S. xanthocarpum. This cluster is heterogeneous for 10 traits except for plant growth habit. The unique of this cluster is by having the broader than long of fruit length to breadth ratio and brownish yellow seed. This cluster can be divided into four subclusters. Subcluster A is composed of 2 accessions (2.90 %) belong to S. melongena collected from Thailand. This subcluster is characterized by having weak leaf blade lobbing, the acute (~ 45°) of leaf blade tip angle and grey yellow seed. Subcluster B is the only one accession of S. melongena collected from Thailand. This subcluster is characterized by having intermediate (~3 mm) relative style length, insert of style exertion and as long as broad fruit length and breadth ratio. Subcluster C is a group of 6 accessions (8.70 %) heterogenous accessions belong to S. melongena, S. aculeatissimum and S. xanthocarpum collected from Thailand (5 accessions) and one accession from Malaysia. This subcluster is heterogenous for 7 traits except for plant growth habit, leaf blade lobbing, relative style length and fruit yield per plant. Subcluster D was considered to be the most diverse with 10 accessions (14.49 %). Subcluster D consisted of S. melongena collected in Thailand (7 accessions), Laos (1 accession) and Vietnam (1 accession) and S. xanthocarpum collected from Thailand (1 accession). Cluster II: the second cluster consists of 6 accessions. This account for the 8.70 % of the total accessions stratified. This cluster is a group of 3 accessions belonging to S. melongena, 2 accessions belonging to S. xanthocarpum and one accessions of S. aculeatissimum. This cluster is homogenous for plant habit, style exertion and seed color. The unique of this cluster is having brownish yellow seed. 68
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THESIS GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE SOU
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to ex
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LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Ninety
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1 Selec
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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Figure
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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Appendi
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS cm = centimet
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Asian Vegetable Research and Develo
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OBJECTIVES 1. To characterize using
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campanulate, rotate or copular, mos
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Moreover, genetic diversity has an
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Therefore, germplasm characterizati
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some degree from each other and the
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Interspecific hybrids between wild
Page 31 and 32: Moreover, lines of S. melongena sho
Page 33 and 34: (qualitative) traits. The cluster a
Page 35 and 36: Plots of the clustering statistics
Page 37 and 38: Table 1 (Continued) Temporary No. S
Page 39 and 40: 2. Genetic relationships of Solanum
Page 41 and 42: pollen grains from randomly selecte
Page 43 and 44: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In this stud
Page 45 and 46: Furthermore, TS02950 collected in C
Page 47 and 48: distinct from those species. Fruit
Page 49 and 50: yellow and globose. While, TS001447
Page 51 and 52: Table 4 Identification of 43 access
Page 53 and 54: Table 5 Re-identification of 5 acce
Page 55 and 56: accessions, hence, considered to ha
Page 57 and 58: Figure 1 Selected items from PROC U
Page 59 and 60: Table 7 Correlation coefficients sc
Page 61 and 62: N a m e o f V a r i a b l e o r C l
Page 63 and 64: 1.2.2 Cluster analysis I. Ratio sca
Page 65 and 66: P S E U D O F S T A T I S T I C Sto
Page 67 and 68: C U B I C C L U S T E R I N G C R I
Page 69 and 70: Table 9 Accessions number of Solanu
Page 71 and 72: Table 9 (Continued) Cluster Subclus
Page 73 and 74: Stratifying the accessions into 10
Page 75 and 76: (single fruit). It has also the wid
Page 77 and 78: were collected in Laos, while S. ma
Page 79 and 80: II. Nominal traits (qualitative tra
Page 81: Table 11 (Continued) Nominal traits
Page 85 and 86: (3 accessions). Subclaster A is cha
Page 87 and 88: 8 6 4 Figure 7 Cluster analysis of
Page 89 and 90: Table 12 (Continued) Cluster Subclu
Page 91 and 92: However, the determination of the m
Page 93 and 94: This result is in agreement with th
Page 95 and 96: herbicide (atrazine) resistant trai
Page 97 and 98: 3) Cross - compatibility among S. a
Page 99 and 100: when the larger-flowered species we
Page 101 and 102: Table 14 Interspecific crossability
Page 103 and 104: Table 15 Interspecific crossability
Page 105 and 106: Table 17 Intra- and interspecific c
Page 107 and 108: Table 18 (Continued) Cross combinat
Page 109 and 110: A B C D E F G H Figure 8 The hybrid
Page 111 and 112: Figure 10 F1 hybrid plant from S. m
Page 113 and 114: Confirmation of interspecific hybri
Page 115 and 116: However, pollen fertility of the in
Page 117 and 118: Table 19 The pollen fertility of F1
Page 119 and 120: Table 21 (Continued) Species Access
Page 121 and 122: S00860) showed a same ploidy level
Page 123 and 124: Moreover, an accurate determination
Page 125 and 126: S. americanum (S00269) (2n) S. amer
Page 127 and 128: S. villosum (S00854) (4n) S. villos
Page 129 and 130: S. villosum (S00860) (4n) S. villos
Page 131 and 132: Moreover, the crosses between S. am
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S. melongena (S00625) S. melongena
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S. melongena (S00809) F1 S. villosu
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S. americanum (S00861) S. americanu
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S. americanum (S00269) S. americanu
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S. villosum (TS02600) F1 S. villosu
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S. villosum (S00854) F1 S. american
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S. nigrum (TS02930) F1 S. americanu
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132 For the interspecific crossing
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S. nigrum). For the interspecific c
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, and M. Ahmand.1989. Morphological
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138 Collonnier, C., I. Fock, V. Kas
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and J.A. Chweya. 1997. Black Nights
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and . 1988b. Organelle composition
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Laban, J.C.G. 2003. Genetic Diversi
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spinous Solanums. Theoret. Appl. Ge
Page 163 and 164:
Singh, J. and M. Rai. 2005. Eggplan
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APPENDICES 150
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SEEDLING DATA AVRDC-GRSU CHARACTERI
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S300 Leaf blade tip angle 1 = Very
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S530 Fruit length/breadth ratio 1 =
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S640 Fruit calyx length (N=10) ____
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Appendix Table A1 Characterization
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Appendix Table A1 (Continued) Tempo
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Appendix Table A4 List of morpholog
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Appendix Figure A2 Morphological ch
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Appendix Figure A8 Morphological ch
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Appendix B Identification of specie
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Moments N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 7.
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Moment N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 101
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Moments N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 10
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