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Subcluster C consisted of 2 accessions of S. indicum and one accession of S. viarum collected in Laos, one accession of S. mammosum collected in Malaysia and 2 accessions collected in Thailand. This subcluster was separated from the other subcluster by taking the longest time to germinate (7.33 days), the largest cotyledonous leaf length/width ratio (2.35), the biggest plant breadth (96.33 cm), the largest number plant branching (10.50), the bigggest leaf blade width (21.29) and the longest period of flowering time (72.83 days). Furthermore, it has the shortest fruit breadth, only 3.00 cm diameter of the broadest part of the fruit. Also, it has the shortest fruit stalk length (15.25 mm) and fruit stalk thickness (3.88 mm) and the smallest 100 seed weight (0.43 g). By virtue of their morphological characteristics, these 4 subclusters were related to each other. All of their component accessions exhibited nearly homogeneous ratio traits. This included the cotyledon leaf width, cotyledon leaf length and width ratio, leaf blade width and 100 seeds weight from which the differences in their ranges were at proximity. Cluster I, association of the accessions would be mean intermediate variability for the traits used. More likely, this would be suggested that their morphological characters were nearly similar even if they were different species and taken from different parts of Southeast Asia. Cluster II: the second cluster accounting for 5.80 % of the total accessions, consisted of 2 accessions of S. melongena collected in Thailand and Laos and 2 accessions of S. xanthocarpum collected in Thailand and Cambodia. The uniqueness of this cluster is characterized by having the longest fruit stalk length (37.45 mm) and the most of fruit stalk thickness (5.70 mm). Cluster III: the third cluster covers the 4 accessions (5.80 %). Cluster III consists of 3 accessions of S. melongena collected in Thailand (2 accessions) and Vietnam (1 accesion) and only one accessions of S. sanitwongsei collected in Thailand. The characteristic traits of this cluster include the shortest period to germinate (6.50 days), the least number of flowers per inflorescence (5.50), the least period of flowering time (57.75 days) and the least number of fruit per influctescence 59
(single fruit). It has also the widest cotyledonous leaf width (8.58 mm), the longest fruit length (4.77 cm) and widest fruit breadth (5.26 cm). Cluster IV: the forth cluster is the smallest cluster; there is only one accession (TS014474-B) of S. melongena collected in Thailand. The uniqueness of this cluster is characterized by having the smallest plant breadth (49.00 cm). Cluster V: the fifth cluster is a second largest group consisting of 17 homogeneous accessions, belong to S. ferox. This account for the 24.63 % of the total accessions stratified. Cluster V was divided into 2 subclusters. Subcluster A consist of 12 accessions (17.39 %) which 6 accessions collected in Thailand, 5 accessions collected in Laos and one accession in Malaysia. Subcluster B consist of 5 accessions (7.25 %) which 2 accessions collected in Thailand, 2 accessions collected in Malaysia and one accession collected in Laos. Subcluster A was separated from subcluster B by having the 12 bigger ratio scale traits except for the number of fruits per infructescence. Cluster V can be distinguished from the rest by having the least cotyledon leaf length and width ratio and the shortest fruit stalk length (13.87 mm). Cluster VI consists of 2 accessions which were identified as S. trilobatum collected in Thailand. This cluster is unique to have the least of number of primary branches per plant (9) and the shortest leaf blade width (10.38 cm). Furthermore, it has the highest 100 seed weight (0.39 g), on the average. Cluster VII consists of only one accession of S. trilobatum collected in Thailand. This species formed its own separated stratified clusters. It could be recognized from the rest as having the shortest fruit length and fruit width corresponds to 0.88 and 0.89 cm, respectively. Also, it has the smallest fruit stalk thickness (1.95 mm). Furthermore, it has the largest cotyledon leaf length and width ratio (2.82) and largest number of fruit per infructescence (7 fruits). Cluster VIII includes only one species, S. torvum, consisting of 4 accessions which TS02955 collected in Cambodia, TS02973 collected in Laos and TS02937 and 60
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THESIS GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE SOU
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to ex
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LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Ninety
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1 Selec
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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Figure
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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Appendi
Page 15 and 16:
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS cm = centimet
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Asian Vegetable Research and Develo
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OBJECTIVES 1. To characterize using
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campanulate, rotate or copular, mos
Page 23 and 24: Moreover, genetic diversity has an
Page 25 and 26: Therefore, germplasm characterizati
Page 27 and 28: some degree from each other and the
Page 29 and 30: Interspecific hybrids between wild
Page 31 and 32: Moreover, lines of S. melongena sho
Page 33 and 34: (qualitative) traits. The cluster a
Page 35 and 36: Plots of the clustering statistics
Page 37 and 38: Table 1 (Continued) Temporary No. S
Page 39 and 40: 2. Genetic relationships of Solanum
Page 41 and 42: pollen grains from randomly selecte
Page 43 and 44: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In this stud
Page 45 and 46: Furthermore, TS02950 collected in C
Page 47 and 48: distinct from those species. Fruit
Page 49 and 50: yellow and globose. While, TS001447
Page 51 and 52: Table 4 Identification of 43 access
Page 53 and 54: Table 5 Re-identification of 5 acce
Page 55 and 56: accessions, hence, considered to ha
Page 57 and 58: Figure 1 Selected items from PROC U
Page 59 and 60: Table 7 Correlation coefficients sc
Page 61 and 62: N a m e o f V a r i a b l e o r C l
Page 63 and 64: 1.2.2 Cluster analysis I. Ratio sca
Page 65 and 66: P S E U D O F S T A T I S T I C Sto
Page 67 and 68: C U B I C C L U S T E R I N G C R I
Page 69 and 70: Table 9 Accessions number of Solanu
Page 71 and 72: Table 9 (Continued) Cluster Subclus
Page 73: Stratifying the accessions into 10
Page 77 and 78: were collected in Laos, while S. ma
Page 79 and 80: II. Nominal traits (qualitative tra
Page 81 and 82: Table 11 (Continued) Nominal traits
Page 83 and 84: The similarity coefficient values (
Page 85 and 86: (3 accessions). Subclaster A is cha
Page 87 and 88: 8 6 4 Figure 7 Cluster analysis of
Page 89 and 90: Table 12 (Continued) Cluster Subclu
Page 91 and 92: However, the determination of the m
Page 93 and 94: This result is in agreement with th
Page 95 and 96: herbicide (atrazine) resistant trai
Page 97 and 98: 3) Cross - compatibility among S. a
Page 99 and 100: when the larger-flowered species we
Page 101 and 102: Table 14 Interspecific crossability
Page 103 and 104: Table 15 Interspecific crossability
Page 105 and 106: Table 17 Intra- and interspecific c
Page 107 and 108: Table 18 (Continued) Cross combinat
Page 109 and 110: A B C D E F G H Figure 8 The hybrid
Page 111 and 112: Figure 10 F1 hybrid plant from S. m
Page 113 and 114: Confirmation of interspecific hybri
Page 115 and 116: However, pollen fertility of the in
Page 117 and 118: Table 19 The pollen fertility of F1
Page 119 and 120: Table 21 (Continued) Species Access
Page 121 and 122: S00860) showed a same ploidy level
Page 123 and 124: Moreover, an accurate determination
Page 125 and 126:
S. americanum (S00269) (2n) S. amer
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S. villosum (S00854) (4n) S. villos
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S. villosum (S00860) (4n) S. villos
Page 131 and 132:
Moreover, the crosses between S. am
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S. melongena (S00625) S. melongena
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S. melongena (S00809) F1 S. villosu
Page 137 and 138:
S. americanum (S00861) S. americanu
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S. americanum (S00269) S. americanu
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S. villosum (TS02600) F1 S. villosu
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S. villosum (S00854) F1 S. american
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S. nigrum (TS02930) F1 S. americanu
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132 For the interspecific crossing
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S. nigrum). For the interspecific c
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, and M. Ahmand.1989. Morphological
Page 153 and 154:
138 Collonnier, C., I. Fock, V. Kas
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and J.A. Chweya. 1997. Black Nights
Page 157 and 158:
and . 1988b. Organelle composition
Page 159 and 160:
Laban, J.C.G. 2003. Genetic Diversi
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spinous Solanums. Theoret. Appl. Ge
Page 163 and 164:
Singh, J. and M. Rai. 2005. Eggplan
Page 165 and 166:
APPENDICES 150
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SEEDLING DATA AVRDC-GRSU CHARACTERI
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S300 Leaf blade tip angle 1 = Very
Page 171 and 172:
S530 Fruit length/breadth ratio 1 =
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S640 Fruit calyx length (N=10) ____
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Appendix Table A1 Characterization
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Appendix Table A1 (Continued) Tempo
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Appendix Table A4 List of morpholog
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Appendix Figure A2 Morphological ch
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Appendix Figure A8 Morphological ch
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Appendix B Identification of specie
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Moments N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 7.
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Moment N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 101
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Moments N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 10
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THESIS

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