THESIS

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This cluster can be divided into two subclusters using leaf blade lobbing. Between the two, subcluster A was considered to be the most diversity with 4 accessions (5.80 %). Subcluster A consisted of S. aculeatissimum (1 accession) collected in Thailand, S. melongena (2 accessions) collected in Thailand and S. xanthocarpum (1 accession) collected in Thailand. Subcluster A is characterized by having intermediate leaf blade lobbing. Subclaster B consisted of S. melongena (1 accession) collected in Thailand and one accessions of S. xanthocarpum collected in Cambodia. This subcluster is characterized by having weak leaf blade lobbing. Cluster III: the third cluster is a mixture of one accession, belonging to S. aethiopicum collected from Laos and 3 accessions belong to S. trilobatum collected from Thailand. Cluster III can be distinguished from the rest by having the prostrate plant growth habit, poppy red fruit at physiological maturity and very loose fruit flesh density. This cluster can be divided into 2 subclusters. Subcluster A (S. aethiopicum) that can be distinguished from subcluster B (S. trilobatum) by having the intermediate plant growth habit, the broader than long fruit length and breadth ratio, yellow orange fruit at physiological maturity, loose (crumbly) fruit flesh density and very low yield per plant. Cluster IV: the forth cluster is represented by only one accession (TS01447- A). This accession belonged to S. viarum, collected from Thailand. This cluster formed its own, separated itself from the rest of the stratified clusters. It could be recognized from the rest as it is having the very strong leaf blade lobbing, the acute (~ 45°) of leaf blade tip angle, intermediate yield per plant and brown black seed. Cluster V: the fifth cluster is a group of 10 accessions which is homogenous, belong to S. torvum, collected from Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Malaysia. This account for the 14.49 % of the total accessions stratified. It is separated from the other cluster because the fruit color is still green at ripening stage. This cluster can be divided into two subclusters using the seed color. Between the two, subcluster A was considered to be the most diverse with 7 accessions (10.14 %). Subcluster A consisted of S. torvum collected in Laos (3 accessions), Cambodia (1 accession) and Malaysia 69
(3 accessions). Subclaster A is characterized by having light yellow seed. Subclaster B consists of S. torvum collected in Thailand (2 accessions) and one accessions collected in Laos. This subcluster is characterized by having grey yellow seed. This cluster is homogenous for 10 traits except seed color. The unique of this cluster is for very strong leaf blade lobbing and green fruit color at riping stage. Cluster VI: the sixth cluster is the second largest group, consisting of 17 accessions belong to S. ferox. This account for the 24.64 % of the total accessions stratified. Except for the yield per plant and seed color, these subclusters are homogenous for the remaining nine nominal traits which were used to describe the accessions. Cluster VI can be divided into four subclusters using yield per plant and seed color. Among them, subcluster C is the largest with 12 component accessions (20.29 %) merged at 100 % similarity which, they were collected from Laos (5 accessions) and Thailand (7 accessions) with low fruit yield per plant and light yellow seed. Subcluster A and D comprise two accessions. Subcluster A is represented by TS02989 and TS02978 collected from Laos. These subcluster having the intermediate fruit yield per plant and light yellow seed. Subcluster D is a group of two homogenous accessions which collected from Malaysia with low fruit yield per plant and grey yellow seed. For subcluster B, is the only one accession collected from Thailand. This subcluster was separated from the other subcluster because it is the only one subcluster with very low fruit yield per plant and light yellow seed. This cluster can be distinguished from the rest by having the strong leaf blade lobbing, the acute (~ 45°) of leaf blade tip angle and yellow orange fruit at physiological maturity. Cluster VII is a mixture of accessions, belong to S. sanitwongsai and S. indicum. This cluster consists of 8 accessions which account for 11.59 % of the total accessions stratified. Cluster VII is homogeneous for the remaining of 7 nominal traits except plant growth habit, leaf blade lobbing, leaf blade angle and yield per plant, these traits can be divided into four subclusters. 70
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THESIS GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE SOU
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to ex
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LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Ninety
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1 Selec
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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Figure
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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Appendi
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS cm = centimet
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Asian Vegetable Research and Develo
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OBJECTIVES 1. To characterize using
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campanulate, rotate or copular, mos
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Moreover, genetic diversity has an
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Therefore, germplasm characterizati
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some degree from each other and the
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Interspecific hybrids between wild
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Moreover, lines of S. melongena sho
Page 33 and 34: (qualitative) traits. The cluster a
Page 35 and 36: Plots of the clustering statistics
Page 37 and 38: Table 1 (Continued) Temporary No. S
Page 39 and 40: 2. Genetic relationships of Solanum
Page 41 and 42: pollen grains from randomly selecte
Page 43 and 44: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In this stud
Page 45 and 46: Furthermore, TS02950 collected in C
Page 47 and 48: distinct from those species. Fruit
Page 49 and 50: yellow and globose. While, TS001447
Page 51 and 52: Table 4 Identification of 43 access
Page 53 and 54: Table 5 Re-identification of 5 acce
Page 55 and 56: accessions, hence, considered to ha
Page 57 and 58: Figure 1 Selected items from PROC U
Page 59 and 60: Table 7 Correlation coefficients sc
Page 61 and 62: N a m e o f V a r i a b l e o r C l
Page 63 and 64: 1.2.2 Cluster analysis I. Ratio sca
Page 65 and 66: P S E U D O F S T A T I S T I C Sto
Page 67 and 68: C U B I C C L U S T E R I N G C R I
Page 69 and 70: Table 9 Accessions number of Solanu
Page 71 and 72: Table 9 (Continued) Cluster Subclus
Page 73 and 74: Stratifying the accessions into 10
Page 75 and 76: (single fruit). It has also the wid
Page 77 and 78: were collected in Laos, while S. ma
Page 79 and 80: II. Nominal traits (qualitative tra
Page 81 and 82: Table 11 (Continued) Nominal traits
Page 83: The similarity coefficient values (
Page 87 and 88: 8 6 4 Figure 7 Cluster analysis of
Page 89 and 90: Table 12 (Continued) Cluster Subclu
Page 91 and 92: However, the determination of the m
Page 93 and 94: This result is in agreement with th
Page 95 and 96: herbicide (atrazine) resistant trai
Page 97 and 98: 3) Cross - compatibility among S. a
Page 99 and 100: when the larger-flowered species we
Page 101 and 102: Table 14 Interspecific crossability
Page 103 and 104: Table 15 Interspecific crossability
Page 105 and 106: Table 17 Intra- and interspecific c
Page 107 and 108: Table 18 (Continued) Cross combinat
Page 109 and 110: A B C D E F G H Figure 8 The hybrid
Page 111 and 112: Figure 10 F1 hybrid plant from S. m
Page 113 and 114: Confirmation of interspecific hybri
Page 115 and 116: However, pollen fertility of the in
Page 117 and 118: Table 19 The pollen fertility of F1
Page 119 and 120: Table 21 (Continued) Species Access
Page 121 and 122: S00860) showed a same ploidy level
Page 123 and 124: Moreover, an accurate determination
Page 125 and 126: S. americanum (S00269) (2n) S. amer
Page 127 and 128: S. villosum (S00854) (4n) S. villos
Page 129 and 130: S. villosum (S00860) (4n) S. villos
Page 131 and 132: Moreover, the crosses between S. am
Page 133 and 134: S. melongena (S00625) S. melongena
Page 135 and 136:
S. melongena (S00809) F1 S. villosu
Page 137 and 138:
S. americanum (S00861) S. americanu
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S. americanum (S00269) S. americanu
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S. villosum (TS02600) F1 S. villosu
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S. villosum (S00854) F1 S. american
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S. nigrum (TS02930) F1 S. americanu
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132 For the interspecific crossing
Page 149 and 150:
S. nigrum). For the interspecific c
Page 151 and 152:
, and M. Ahmand.1989. Morphological
Page 153 and 154:
138 Collonnier, C., I. Fock, V. Kas
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and J.A. Chweya. 1997. Black Nights
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and . 1988b. Organelle composition
Page 159 and 160:
Laban, J.C.G. 2003. Genetic Diversi
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spinous Solanums. Theoret. Appl. Ge
Page 163 and 164:
Singh, J. and M. Rai. 2005. Eggplan
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APPENDICES 150
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SEEDLING DATA AVRDC-GRSU CHARACTERI
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S300 Leaf blade tip angle 1 = Very
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S530 Fruit length/breadth ratio 1 =
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S640 Fruit calyx length (N=10) ____
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Appendix Table A1 Characterization
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Appendix Table A1 (Continued) Tempo
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Appendix Table A4 List of morpholog
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Appendix Figure A2 Morphological ch
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Appendix Figure A8 Morphological ch
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Appendix B Identification of specie
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Moments N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 7.
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Moment N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 101
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Moments N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 10
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THESIS

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