THESIS

More documents

Recommendations

Info

S. melongena complex. In some lines, it was possible, nevertheless, to recognized distinct characters of wild species (frequent presence of spines, small flowers and berries). Furthermore, the accessions of TS02815 and TS02496 collected in Laos and Malaysia, respectively, were received as S. torvum. Also TS01321 collected in Myanmar was received as S. ferox. These accessions were identified as S. melongena. In this case, it is possible that seed collectors confused and misidentified. Moreover, the five accessions of TS00426, TS00541, TS00563, TS01979 and TS02062, all collected in Thailand, as S. stramonifolium but were identified as S. ferox. Siemonsma and Jansen (1994) reported that S. ferox has a synonym for S. stramonifolium. S. stramonifolium has also been used as the correct name for S. ferox. S. stramonifolium, however, their were different species occurring in South America. A simple observation of these plants indicated that their phenotypes were very distinguishable. Their ovary and berry with many long white stellate hairs, inflorescence lateral, sessile or subsessile, 4-10 flowered, pedicels densely stellatehairy, calyx pale and densely stellately pubescent, corolla white or purple, as long as or shorter than calyx and outside stellate-hairly. Fruits globose, yellow when ripe and densely pubescent with long white stellate hairs. Stem stellately hairy, Leaves broadly ovate, with truncate or slightly cordate, often unequal base, shallowly pinnatilobed, aculeate on the nerves on both sides and stellately hairy on both surfaces. The accession TS00553 was received as S. linociera collected in Thailand. While, TS02976 collected in Laos was received as S. sisymbrifolium but both accessions were identified as S. ferox. The morphology of S. ferox is distinct from all other accessions and is easily recognized because of it’s covered with stellate throughout of plants especially ovary and berry with many long white stellate hairs. Fruit globose and yellow when mature (Backer and Brink, 1965). In contrast, S. sisymbrifolium is native of South America, from Argentina to Brazil (Furini and Wunder, 2004), which have been reported to be synonym for S. aculeatissimum (Harden, 1992). Vegetatively, they are similar to accessions of S. ferox but with fruits 31
distinct from those species. Fruit globose-obovoid and red when mature (Webb et al., 1988). The accessions of TS02965, TS02990, TS02992, TS03005 and TS03018, were collected in Laos. These accessions were received as S. sisymbrifolium. While TS02967 collected in Laos was received as S. ferox. These accessions were identified as S. indicum. It is a small spineless shrub up to 1.5 m high. Stem is densely stellate. Leaves sinuate to entire, grey and densely stellate beneath. Corolla is white or purple. Young fruit is green and turning yellow and becoming orange. From the S. trilobatum accessions, based on morphology, TS02491 and TS02495, both accessions collected in Thailand, were identified as S. sanitwongsei and S. inducum, respectively. S. sanitwongsei distributes in Thailand and is cultivated in Philippines (Blomqvist and Ban, 1999). It is a small, stellately hairy shrub to 1 m high, leaves oblong-ovate, base cordate to cuneate, apex obtuse, inflorescence an extra-axillary, short raceme on a short peduncle, corolla stellate and purple, ovary glabrous except for the apex, fruit subglobose, glabrous orange when mature. The accessions of TS01947 and TS02906 collected in Thailand and Malaysia, respectively; both were received as S. indicum but were identified as S. trilobatum and S. torvum respectively. S. trilobatum have been reported to distribute in India, Vietnam, Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia (Blomqvist and Ban, 1999). Plant nearly glabrous, thorny herb, slightly woody at base, leaves broadly elliptical to broadly ovate, sinuate-lobed, base rounded to slightly cordate , apex rounded. Inflorecence was extra-axillary, composed of a few flowered cyme or 6-10 flowered raceme, calyx campanulate, glabrous, not enlarged in fruit. Corolla is stellate and blue. Fruit red when maturity. In contrast, S. torvum, originates from the Antilles, but is now a pantropical weed. Occasionally it is also cultivated, especially in South, Southeast and East Asia (Boonkerd et al., 1994). It is a spreading or scrambling slender shrub, up to 3 m high, pubescent with stellate hairs. Prickles scattered on stem, branches and leaves, especially in young branches, slightly hooked. Leaves alternate, solitary or in pairs, leaf blade ovate, coarsely, sinuously lobed, base unequal, somewhat sagittate to 32
Page 1: THESIS GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE SOU
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to ex
Page 7 and 8: LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Ninety
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1 Selec
Page 11 and 12: LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Figure
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Appendi
Page 15 and 16: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS cm = centimet
Page 17 and 18: Asian Vegetable Research and Develo
Page 19 and 20: OBJECTIVES 1. To characterize using
Page 21 and 22: campanulate, rotate or copular, mos
Page 23 and 24: Moreover, genetic diversity has an
Page 25 and 26: Therefore, germplasm characterizati
Page 27 and 28: some degree from each other and the
Page 29 and 30: Interspecific hybrids between wild
Page 31 and 32: Moreover, lines of S. melongena sho
Page 33 and 34: (qualitative) traits. The cluster a
Page 35 and 36: Plots of the clustering statistics
Page 37 and 38: Table 1 (Continued) Temporary No. S
Page 39 and 40: 2. Genetic relationships of Solanum
Page 41 and 42: pollen grains from randomly selecte
Page 43 and 44: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In this stud
Page 45: Furthermore, TS02950 collected in C
Page 49 and 50: yellow and globose. While, TS001447
Page 51 and 52: Table 4 Identification of 43 access
Page 53 and 54: Table 5 Re-identification of 5 acce
Page 55 and 56: accessions, hence, considered to ha
Page 57 and 58: Figure 1 Selected items from PROC U
Page 59 and 60: Table 7 Correlation coefficients sc
Page 61 and 62: N a m e o f V a r i a b l e o r C l
Page 63 and 64: 1.2.2 Cluster analysis I. Ratio sca
Page 65 and 66: P S E U D O F S T A T I S T I C Sto
Page 67 and 68: C U B I C C L U S T E R I N G C R I
Page 69 and 70: Table 9 Accessions number of Solanu
Page 71 and 72: Table 9 (Continued) Cluster Subclus
Page 73 and 74: Stratifying the accessions into 10
Page 75 and 76: (single fruit). It has also the wid
Page 77 and 78: were collected in Laos, while S. ma
Page 79 and 80: II. Nominal traits (qualitative tra
Page 81 and 82: Table 11 (Continued) Nominal traits
Page 83 and 84: The similarity coefficient values (
Page 85 and 86: (3 accessions). Subclaster A is cha
Page 87 and 88: 8 6 4 Figure 7 Cluster analysis of
Page 89 and 90: Table 12 (Continued) Cluster Subclu
Page 91 and 92: However, the determination of the m
Page 93 and 94: This result is in agreement with th
Page 95 and 96: herbicide (atrazine) resistant trai
Page 97 and 98:
3) Cross - compatibility among S. a
Page 99 and 100:
when the larger-flowered species we
Page 101 and 102:
Table 14 Interspecific crossability
Page 103 and 104:
Table 15 Interspecific crossability
Page 105 and 106:
Table 17 Intra- and interspecific c
Page 107 and 108:
Table 18 (Continued) Cross combinat
Page 109 and 110:
A B C D E F G H Figure 8 The hybrid
Page 111 and 112:
Figure 10 F1 hybrid plant from S. m
Page 113 and 114:
Confirmation of interspecific hybri
Page 115 and 116:
However, pollen fertility of the in
Page 117 and 118:
Table 19 The pollen fertility of F1
Page 119 and 120:
Table 21 (Continued) Species Access
Page 121 and 122:
S00860) showed a same ploidy level
Page 123 and 124:
Moreover, an accurate determination
Page 125 and 126:
S. americanum (S00269) (2n) S. amer
Page 127 and 128:
S. villosum (S00854) (4n) S. villos
Page 129 and 130:
S. villosum (S00860) (4n) S. villos
Page 131 and 132:
Moreover, the crosses between S. am
Page 133 and 134:
S. melongena (S00625) S. melongena
Page 135 and 136:
S. melongena (S00809) F1 S. villosu
Page 137 and 138:
S. americanum (S00861) S. americanu
Page 139 and 140:
S. americanum (S00269) S. americanu
Page 141 and 142:
S. villosum (TS02600) F1 S. villosu
Page 143 and 144:
S. villosum (S00854) F1 S. american
Page 145 and 146:
S. nigrum (TS02930) F1 S. americanu
Page 147 and 148:
132 For the interspecific crossing
Page 149 and 150:
S. nigrum). For the interspecific c
Page 151 and 152:
, and M. Ahmand.1989. Morphological
Page 153 and 154:
138 Collonnier, C., I. Fock, V. Kas
Page 155 and 156:
and J.A. Chweya. 1997. Black Nights
Page 157 and 158:
and . 1988b. Organelle composition
Page 159 and 160:
Laban, J.C.G. 2003. Genetic Diversi
Page 161 and 162:
spinous Solanums. Theoret. Appl. Ge
Page 163 and 164:
Singh, J. and M. Rai. 2005. Eggplan
Page 165 and 166:
APPENDICES 150
Page 167 and 168:
SEEDLING DATA AVRDC-GRSU CHARACTERI
Page 169 and 170:
S300 Leaf blade tip angle 1 = Very
Page 171 and 172:
S530 Fruit length/breadth ratio 1 =
Page 173 and 174:
S640 Fruit calyx length (N=10) ____
Page 175 and 176:
Appendix Table A1 Characterization
Page 177 and 178:
Appendix Table A1 (Continued) Tempo
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Appendix Table A4 List of morpholog
Page 203 and 204:
Appendix Figure A2 Morphological ch
Page 205 and 206:
Appendix Figure A8 Morphological ch
Page 207 and 208:
Appendix B Identification of specie
Page 209 and 210:
Moments N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 7.
Page 211 and 212:
Moment N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 101
Page 213 and 214:
Moments N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 10
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
show all

THESIS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?