THESIS

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S. torvum accessions, based on the ratio scale traits can be divided into three clusters. Approximately 14.49 % of the variation was found within collection areas, where the major part (approximately 40 %) of the variation was found in Laos, the rest were found in Malaysia, Thailand and Cambodia, approximately 30, 20 and 10 %, respectively. Furthermore, five accessions, belong to Cluster VIII with 2 accessions collected in Malaysia and 3 accessions collected in Thailand, Cambodia and Laos. This cluster contains more variation in Malaysia. Therefore, the morphological traits were associated with geographic origin based on quantitative traits for 14 traits. Overall, the results on variation of the accessions showed the same species and origin tend to cluster. 63
II. Nominal traits (qualitative traits) The most frequent traits among the 69 accessions in Southeast Asia considered are present in Table 11. The traits of plant growth habit was intermediate (approximately 94.20 %), leaf blade lobbing was intermediate (approximately 39.13 %), leaf blade tip angle was intermediate (approximately 55.07 %), relative style length was long (approximately 97.10 %), style exertion was exertion (approximately 81.16 %), fruit length and breadth ratio was as long as broad (approximately 72.46 %), fruit color at commercial ripeness was green (approximately 68.12 %), fruit color at physiological ripeness was deep yellow (approximately 42.03 %), fruit flesh density was loss (crumbly) (approximately 46.38 %), fruit yiled per plant was low (~ 500 g)(approximately 75.36 %) and seed color was light yellow (approximately 46.38 %). However, this indicateas that most of Solanum spp. have intermediate plant growth habit and long relative style length. Furthermore, leaf blade lobbing, fruit color at physiological maturity, fruit flesh density and seed color was more variation depend on species. However, S. melongena is the highest population on plant growth habit (28.49 %), leaf blade lobbing (23.19 %), leaf blade tip angle (18.84 %), relative style length (26.09 %), style exertion (14.49 %), fruit color at physiological ripeness (28.49 %) and fruit yiled per plant (21.74 %). However, S. ferox is the highest population on fruit length and breadth ratio (24.64 %), fruit color at commercial ripeness (24.64 %), fruit flesh density (24.64 %) and seed color (24.64 %). In addition, S. torvum is the highest population on style exertion (14.49 %). Therefore, following the most frequent of qualitative trait, S. melongena was the major group of 69 accessions of Solanum spp. and the second major group was S. ferox and the third major group was S. torvum. 64
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THESIS GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE SOU
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to ex
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LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Ninety
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1 Selec
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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Figure
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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Appendi
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS cm = centimet
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Asian Vegetable Research and Develo
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OBJECTIVES 1. To characterize using
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campanulate, rotate or copular, mos
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Moreover, genetic diversity has an
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Therefore, germplasm characterizati
Page 27 and 28: some degree from each other and the
Page 29 and 30: Interspecific hybrids between wild
Page 31 and 32: Moreover, lines of S. melongena sho
Page 33 and 34: (qualitative) traits. The cluster a
Page 35 and 36: Plots of the clustering statistics
Page 37 and 38: Table 1 (Continued) Temporary No. S
Page 39 and 40: 2. Genetic relationships of Solanum
Page 41 and 42: pollen grains from randomly selecte
Page 43 and 44: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In this stud
Page 45 and 46: Furthermore, TS02950 collected in C
Page 47 and 48: distinct from those species. Fruit
Page 49 and 50: yellow and globose. While, TS001447
Page 51 and 52: Table 4 Identification of 43 access
Page 53 and 54: Table 5 Re-identification of 5 acce
Page 55 and 56: accessions, hence, considered to ha
Page 57 and 58: Figure 1 Selected items from PROC U
Page 59 and 60: Table 7 Correlation coefficients sc
Page 61 and 62: N a m e o f V a r i a b l e o r C l
Page 63 and 64: 1.2.2 Cluster analysis I. Ratio sca
Page 65 and 66: P S E U D O F S T A T I S T I C Sto
Page 67 and 68: C U B I C C L U S T E R I N G C R I
Page 69 and 70: Table 9 Accessions number of Solanu
Page 71 and 72: Table 9 (Continued) Cluster Subclus
Page 73 and 74: Stratifying the accessions into 10
Page 75 and 76: (single fruit). It has also the wid
Page 77: were collected in Laos, while S. ma
Page 81 and 82: Table 11 (Continued) Nominal traits
Page 83 and 84: The similarity coefficient values (
Page 85 and 86: (3 accessions). Subclaster A is cha
Page 87 and 88: 8 6 4 Figure 7 Cluster analysis of
Page 89 and 90: Table 12 (Continued) Cluster Subclu
Page 91 and 92: However, the determination of the m
Page 93 and 94: This result is in agreement with th
Page 95 and 96: herbicide (atrazine) resistant trai
Page 97 and 98: 3) Cross - compatibility among S. a
Page 99 and 100: when the larger-flowered species we
Page 101 and 102: Table 14 Interspecific crossability
Page 103 and 104: Table 15 Interspecific crossability
Page 105 and 106: Table 17 Intra- and interspecific c
Page 107 and 108: Table 18 (Continued) Cross combinat
Page 109 and 110: A B C D E F G H Figure 8 The hybrid
Page 111 and 112: Figure 10 F1 hybrid plant from S. m
Page 113 and 114: Confirmation of interspecific hybri
Page 115 and 116: However, pollen fertility of the in
Page 117 and 118: Table 19 The pollen fertility of F1
Page 119 and 120: Table 21 (Continued) Species Access
Page 121 and 122: S00860) showed a same ploidy level
Page 123 and 124: Moreover, an accurate determination
Page 125 and 126: S. americanum (S00269) (2n) S. amer
Page 127 and 128: S. villosum (S00854) (4n) S. villos
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S. villosum (S00860) (4n) S. villos
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Moreover, the crosses between S. am
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S. melongena (S00625) S. melongena
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S. melongena (S00809) F1 S. villosu
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S. americanum (S00861) S. americanu
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S. americanum (S00269) S. americanu
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S. villosum (TS02600) F1 S. villosu
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S. villosum (S00854) F1 S. american
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S. nigrum (TS02930) F1 S. americanu
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132 For the interspecific crossing
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S. nigrum). For the interspecific c
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, and M. Ahmand.1989. Morphological
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138 Collonnier, C., I. Fock, V. Kas
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and J.A. Chweya. 1997. Black Nights
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and . 1988b. Organelle composition
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Laban, J.C.G. 2003. Genetic Diversi
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spinous Solanums. Theoret. Appl. Ge
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Singh, J. and M. Rai. 2005. Eggplan
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APPENDICES 150
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SEEDLING DATA AVRDC-GRSU CHARACTERI
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S300 Leaf blade tip angle 1 = Very
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S530 Fruit length/breadth ratio 1 =
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S640 Fruit calyx length (N=10) ____
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Appendix Table A1 Characterization
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Appendix Table A1 (Continued) Tempo
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Appendix Table A4 List of morpholog
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Appendix Figure A2 Morphological ch
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Appendix Figure A8 Morphological ch
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Appendix B Identification of specie
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Moments N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 7.
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Moment N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 101
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Moments N 91 Sum Weights 91 Mean 10
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THESIS

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