(EU) and the Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR)? - FDCL
(EU) and the Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR)? - FDCL
(EU) and the Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR)? - FDCL
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5.3 The <strong>EU</strong>-<strong>MERCOSUR</strong> association agreement: The deregulation <strong>of</strong> national<br />
markets through <strong>the</strong> regulation <strong>of</strong> international markets?<br />
The <strong>EU</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>MERCOSUR</strong>, after <strong>the</strong> “failure” <strong>of</strong> Cancún, have repeatedly emphasized<br />
<strong>the</strong>ir interest in finalizing an “Interregional Association Agreement”. A conclusion<br />
to this agreement – with <strong>the</strong> “ambitious <strong>and</strong> innovative provisions” <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> so-called<br />
“fourth generation” – will now, after <strong>the</strong> <strong>EU</strong>-Mexico <strong>and</strong> <strong>EU</strong>-Chile agreements, be attempted<br />
within <strong>the</strong> <strong>EU</strong>-<strong>MERCOSUR</strong> context in <strong>the</strong> course <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> coming months.<br />
Following <strong>the</strong> last <strong>EU</strong>-<strong>MERCOSUR</strong> ministerial meeting in Brussels on November<br />
12, 2003 <strong>the</strong> negotiation plan <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> coming sessions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> bi-regional negotiation<br />
committee (BNC) was tightened, so that <strong>the</strong> treaty will be prepared for <strong>the</strong> final consultations<br />
at <strong>the</strong> next meeting <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> heads <strong>of</strong> state <strong>of</strong> Latin America, <strong>the</strong> Caribbean<br />
<strong>and</strong> Europe from May 28-29 at Guadalajara, Mexico, <strong>and</strong> could be signed, according<br />
to <strong>the</strong> plan, in October 2004.<br />
The issue <strong>of</strong> investment will play a central role here, which will have to be<br />
matched by <strong>the</strong> pretensions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Commission, which untiringly praises<br />
<strong>the</strong> compatibility <strong>of</strong> trade <strong>and</strong> investment with development. But so far <strong>the</strong> focus <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> <strong>EU</strong>-<strong>MERCOSUR</strong> negotiation process seems to have favored trade <strong>and</strong> investment,<br />
so that <strong>the</strong> warning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> assessment expressed by civil society already in<br />
2002 continues to be valid:<br />
“It is time to rethink <strong>the</strong> process <strong>of</strong> international investment agreements thoroughly.<br />
In particular <strong>the</strong> relationship between bilateral investment agreements<br />
<strong>and</strong> multilateral or interregional agreements needs to be articulated much<br />
more carefully <strong>and</strong> explicitly than has happened to date. That does not appear<br />
to be happening within <strong>the</strong> <strong>EU</strong>/<strong>MERCOSUR</strong> process.” 331<br />
It not only has to be feared that, within <strong>the</strong> framework <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> broad free trade<br />
agenda between <strong>the</strong> <strong>EU</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>MERCOSUR</strong> questions <strong>of</strong> development will become<br />
secondary just like <strong>the</strong> verbal avowals for human rights, but also that national scope<br />
<strong>of</strong> decision making with respect to development will be subjected to <strong>the</strong> dictum <strong>of</strong><br />
pr<strong>of</strong>it <strong>and</strong> efficiency by means <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
a) Proposed free trade agreement.<br />
b) Bilateral investment treaties (BITs) with <strong>the</strong>ir far-reaching investors’ rights, which<br />
have already been ratified or are near to ratification.<br />
331 Konrad von Moltke (International Institute for Sustainable Development): European Union / <strong>MERCOSUR</strong><br />
Negotiations. The Environment <strong>and</strong> Sustainable Development Dimension, edited by: WWF European Policy Office,<br />
Belgium & WWF Brazil, April 2002, p. 23.<br />
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