(EU) and the Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR)? - FDCL

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68 to the U.S. trade power by rapidly continuing the negotiations with MERCO- SUR and the African ACP-countries while the U.S. is also targeting the same markets with their new Pan-American free trade area (FTAA) and the “African Growth and Opportunity Act” (cp. W&E 1/2003). A differentiated treatment, which promotes development in the weaker southern countries, seems to be of minor importance here. Even though some of the new agreements reveal some asymmetrical elements with respect to the timetable and extent of liberalization during the transition period, in the end the economically more powerful negotiation block will obtain the larger economic benefit.” 175 175 Own translation of the following original text: “Die EU hat bislang nicht überzeugend demonstrieren können, daß die umfassende Agenda der neuen Generation von Handelsabkommen eine breite sozial gerechte und ökologisch verträgliche Entwicklung im Süden fördert. In der europäischen Handelspolitik macht ein anderer Ton die Musik: Der Gemeinschaft geht es um die Ausweitung ihrer Exporte in die Länder des Südens und der Sicherung neuer Absatzmärkte, besonders im Hinblick auf Hochtechnologien und Dienstleistungen, aber auch um die Vergrößerung des Flusses an Direktinvestitionen im verarbeitenden Bereich, für Privatisierungsprogramme und für Investitionen in extraktive Industrien. Strategisch ist die EU darauf aus, durch rasche Fortführung der Verhandlungen mit dem MERCOSUR und mit den afrikanischen AKP-Staaten, der Handelsmacht USA, die mit neuen Pan-Amerikanischen Freihandelszone (FTAA) und dem “African Growth and Opportunity Act” (vgl. W&E 1/2003) auf die gleichen Märkte schielt, ein handelspolitisches Gegengewicht entgegenzusetzen. Eine entwicklungsförderliche und differenzierte Behandlung der schwächeren Wirtschaftspartner im Süden erscheint da von zweitrangiger Bedeutung. Zwar lassen einige der neuen Abkommen sowohl im Hinblick auf den Liberalisierungszeitplan als auch auf deren Umfang Elemente einer Asymmetrie während der Übergangsphase erkennen, doch wird letztendlich der wirtschaftlich stärkere Verhandlungsblock den größten wirtschaftlichen Nutzen ziehen.” Taken from: Schilder, Klaus (WEED): Regionalisierung unter neoliberalem Vorzeichen? Die polit-ökonomische Geographie der EU-Handelspolitik, June 10, 2003, http://www.weed-online.org/artikel/18513.html.
3.2 European foreign investment in MERCOSUR The European economic interest in the Common Market of the South (MER- COSUR) lies in the realized and expected profits obtained by the resident European corporations within the domestic markets and in the area of foreign trade. In terms of foreign trade the EU between 1990 and 1994 was able to “more than double” their exports to MERCOSUR countries, whereas imports rose only slightly: “a consequence of the unilateral liberalization on the part of the MERCOSUR countries. Especially Brazil, which lowered their tariffs from an average of 52 to 14 percent, became a desired market.” 176 Between 1995 and 2002 the EU realized a current account surplus of 4.2 billion US-dollars with Brazil. According to the German employers’ umbrella organization BDI: “[...]since 1995, in its trade with Brazil, Germany has been benefiting from surpluses averaging approximately 1.5 billion dollars a year.” 177 The European Union as an economic block is the main foreign-trade partner of MERCOSUR. The trade balance creates the following picture: EU-MERCHANDISE TRADE WITH MERCOSUR �� Source: DG Trade: http://trade-info.cec.eu.int/doclib/html/111832.htm 176 Ling, Martin, ibid., p. 4. 177 http://www.bdi-online.de/RedDot/Protokoll_final_version_2003.pdf. �� 69
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Christian Russau Enforcement of int
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Preface Since the end of 1999 the C
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If the “Interregional Association
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8 Chapter 5: The enforcement of int
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10 1.1 Negotiations of the “Inter
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12 A similar agreement of the so-ca
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14 tute in the eyes of many countri
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16 amaraty, where the FTAA-negotiat
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120 c) The still pending Doha “De
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122 gesamtamerikanischen Freihandel
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130 um den Markt der wiederentdeckt
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134 DIHK Deutscher Industrie- und H
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(EU) and the Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR)? - FDCL

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