(EU) and the Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR)? - FDCL
(EU) and the Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR)? - FDCL
(EU) and the Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR)? - FDCL
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<strong>EU</strong>, according to Gaemelke, has reached advances with <strong>the</strong> reform <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
joint agricultural policy, <strong>and</strong> now it would be <strong>the</strong> turn <strong>of</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rs. In this sense<br />
“advanced developing countries like Brazil should stop hiding behind <strong>the</strong> real<br />
developing nations.”” 29<br />
The “agricultural question” divides <strong>the</strong> European countries, where on <strong>the</strong> one<br />
h<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> French government sees itself in accord with <strong>the</strong> Irish <strong>and</strong> British governments,<br />
while <strong>the</strong> Portuguese, Spanish <strong>and</strong> German governments have opposing<br />
positions <strong>and</strong> interests: Already at <strong>the</strong> Ist Summit <strong>of</strong> Latin American, Caribbean <strong>and</strong><br />
European Heads <strong>of</strong> State in Rio de Janeiro in 1999, <strong>the</strong> French government had<br />
used <strong>the</strong>ir veto against <strong>the</strong> <strong>EU</strong>-negotiation m<strong>and</strong>ate on <strong>the</strong> fast opening <strong>of</strong> negotiations<br />
with <strong>MERCOSUR</strong> beginning January 1, 2001, in order to slow down <strong>the</strong> pace<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> negotiation process. 30<br />
But apart from <strong>the</strong>se differences between <strong>the</strong> European governments, <strong>the</strong><br />
European Commission sees mutual advantages from an “Interregional Association<br />
Agreement” for <strong>the</strong> economy <strong>and</strong> development. The <strong>EU</strong> Commissary for Foreign<br />
Affairs, Chris Patten, expressed this during his speech at <strong>the</strong> BNC in November <strong>of</strong><br />
2000 in Brasilia in <strong>the</strong> following way:<br />
“What is at stake in <strong>the</strong> negotiations between <strong>the</strong> <strong>EU</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>MERCOSUR</strong> is <strong>the</strong><br />
possibility for a strategic, political <strong>and</strong> economic alliance between <strong>the</strong> only two<br />
real common markets in <strong>the</strong> world. The prospective association agreement<br />
will not only provide for short-term financial gains <strong>and</strong> closer political ties. It will<br />
create a free trade area covering nearly 600 million people. By doing this, it will<br />
generate democratic development, growing prosperity [...]” 31<br />
The accentuation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> “political-strategic partnership” between <strong>the</strong> <strong>EU</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>MERCOSUR</strong> is one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> main objectives <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>EU</strong>-Commission, in part to distance<br />
itself from o<strong>the</strong>r “pure free trade agreements” that do not contain components on<br />
“dialogue” <strong>and</strong> “cooperation” in <strong>the</strong>ir negotiations on <strong>the</strong> mutual opening <strong>of</strong> markets.<br />
Concerning <strong>the</strong>se issues <strong>the</strong> European Commission <strong>of</strong>ten appeals to facts like: “in<br />
2000 <strong>and</strong> 2001 <strong>the</strong> <strong>EU</strong> participated with 38.5% <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> total financial assistance to<br />
Latin America, <strong>the</strong> USA only with 27.2%.” 32 Thereby it is overlooked that in Europe<br />
<strong>the</strong> share <strong>of</strong> public development aid as a percentage <strong>of</strong> GDP is currently only 0.37%,<br />
even though <strong>the</strong> industrial countries had accorded a target number <strong>of</strong> 0.7% <strong>of</strong> GDP<br />
29 Cited from <strong>the</strong> press statement <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> German Farmers’s Association, see: http://www.bauernverb<strong>and</strong>.de/<br />
pressemitteilung_988.html.<br />
30 Maria Silvia Portella de Castro: Mercosul e União Européia: relações econômicas e comercias e as negociações do<br />
Acordo de Cooperação Inter-Regional, January 2003, p.15.<br />
31 http://europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/news/patten/speech_00_422.htm.<br />
32 Susanne Gratius: Spielt Europa in Lateinamerika noch eine Rolle?, in: Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte (B 38-39/<br />
2003).<br />
19