Studies on Panini's grammar - DWC

56 <strong>Studies</strong> on Päl).ini' s lirammar
and ni~thä
22); facultative kit (ktvä 23-25, ktvä and san, 26 1 ». - The
arrangement is mainly based on the principle of mnemotechnical economy,
and partlyon parallelism; notice the use of anuvrtti in several sütras; the
passage is quite a piece of virtuosity.
I, 2, 27-40. Vocalic quantity and vowel-modulation (accent); the sutras
34-38 about ritualistic recitation are an associative insertion and probably
an interpolation; sa'!lhitäyäm does not refer to a ritual text (cf. Böhtlingk' s
translation) but to coherent speech or recitation (in antithesis to avagraha,
broken up or discontinued reading for exegetic purposes ) .
As the correlation between mutation and accent was known to Päl).ini,
the sections I, 2, 1-26 and 27-40 cohere and take up again the subject
of 1 pä. 1 (su. 1-19).
I, 2, 41. Distinctive insertion; apfkta as term for a suffix of one sound,
e.g. the s as a declinational or conjugational termination.
I, 2, 42-46. Grammatical terms referring mainly to composition: karmadhäraya
(42), upasarjana (43 sq.), prätipadika (45 sq.); the definition of
karma-dhäraya is an 'insertion by emergency' (§ 71 no. 4), the sutras
43 sqq. follow according to associative or even thema tic coherence. Moreover
the terms upasarjana and prätipadika are made use of in the following
passage (47 sqq.).
I, 2, 47-73. Morphology and semasiology of mot ion and declension.
Shortening (hrasvatva, 47 sq., 50) of final vowel in noun becoming neuter
or upasarjana (0 > u, etc., see I, I, 48); sü. 49 and 51, rejection of suffix;
sÜ . 51 sq., general rul es about vyakti and [opa; grammatical concord. (The
sütras 53-57 form a11 interpolation, see § 79). Sü. 58--63, rules on grammatical
number; su. 64, definition of riual and plural; sü. 65--68, 70 sq.,
72 sq., 'objective' and grammatical concord with reference to family-names
and words ex pressing relationship, to certain pronouns, to herds of cattle.
The succession of the sutras is mainly regulated by logical division:
general rul es about both vyakti and vacana (51 sq.), idiomatical expressions
with reference to vacana (58--63), and social rank (vfddha and yuvan)
and gender. The sütra defining dual and plural (64, cf. SP. I, 4, 21 sq.)
is placed before the group 65 sqq., as likewise dealing with se~atva.
Character of päda 2. Päda 2 shows a certain parallelism to pä. 1; thus
in päda 2 the discussion of vocalic mutation with the addition of the
definitions of vowel-modulation or accent is taken up first: 1. I, 1-19/1
1. 2, 1-40; then some remarks are made on the compound, whilst the
corresponding passage in pä. 1 treats of the word in general: I, 1, 20--43/:
I, 2, 42-46; and thirdly the discussion of nominal gender and number
uses the notions ädesa and [opa with their indications as explamed in pä. 1
(I, J, 44-67 11 1. 2, 47-73). However, pä. 2 mits last part (47-71) has
moreover the character of a closed and independent discussion of nomina I
gender and number (cf. § 75 no. 3).
1) Böhtlingk translates the technical indication ral by 'ein Consonant mit Ausnahme
von h. y und v', read .... von y und v'.