Studies on Panini's grammar - DWC

60 <strong>Studies</strong> on PäJ].ini' s Grammar
'activa tantum' (1, 3, 78). The subject is announced by su. 1 'dhätava!)'.
From this follows that in the passage 2-9 the anubandhas of the Dhätu~
Pätha take the first place and the anubandhas of the Sütra~Pätha only
receive attention by associative extension (cf. § 70). Böhtlingk, therefore,
misunderstood PäJ].ini's intentions, wh en he left out all dhätu~examples in
his comments to su. 3; cf. Vi~k, DhP. 2, 38, Liebich's edition p. 16; Vdä~p
2. 50, 1.1.; Vdhe~t I, 951, p. 14 etc., and Liebich §§ 36---43. Further, we
notice that the sütras 3, hal antyam, 5, ädir iii~tu~4ava!), and 9, tasya lopa!),
form the framework of the passage, whilst su. 4 and 6---8 are insertional.
The sütras 10-11 form ei th er an associative or distinctive insertion.
With regard to its character pä. 3 may be described as a closed and
independent discussion (cf. § 75 no. 3) of one subject.
§ 82. A n a 1 y sis 0 f a d h y. 1 p ä. 4.
I, 4, 1-2. Adhikära~sutras regulating the mnemotechnical constructiön
of I, 4, 1-2, 2, fin .; cf. the interpretation given of these sütras § 30.
1. 4, 3-9. Technical terms bearing on the declension of the i~, h u~ and
iï~stems; the passage has the character of a bridge between the general
sütra of the declinational endings (div. IB, SP. 4, I, 2) and div. 11, see the
cross~references in Böhtlingk' s translation.
1,4, 10-12. Associative or distinctive insertion. Definition of light and
heavy syllabIes, (cf. SP. I, 2, 27 on vocalic quantity) . IE the insertion is
due to associative influence, th en the distinction of i~ and i~stems etc. has
led up to it.
l, 4, 13-20. Definitions and general rules about afzga, pada and bha. The
term ariga bears on all forms of derivation with the inclusion of conju~
gation and declension. Pada has (1) a wide meaning ('word') and (2) a
limited technical meaning with reference to dedension and denominative
derivation of roots and noims; bha is limited to declension and denomina~
tive derivation of nouns. The passage has the character of a bridge between
div. IB and div. 11 (cf. §§ 40-46).
1,4.21-22. Definition of plural and dual (cf. SP. 1,2,64) as an intro~
ductive associative insertion before the discussion of the kärakas.
I, 4, 23-55. Discussion of the noun-cases as adjuncts to averb; this
theory of the kärakas is closely related to the syntax of the noun~cases
given in 2 pä. 3, forming with this section a discussion of closed and inde~
pendent character.
I, 4, 56---98. The theories of the avyavas, especially the upasargas, gatis
and karma~pravacaniyas. The section has a 'general character', being im~
portant for the theory of the noun-cases (2 pà. 3), the formation of krts
with a gati as upapada (adhy. 3) and sentence-accent (8 pä. 1).
1,4, 99-108. Morphological definitions of the active and middle verbal
terminations (cf. SP. 3, 4, 78) and participIes, of the grammatical number
of finite verb and noun; the term vibhakti. Concord in 'person' between