National Amphetamine-Type Stimulant Strategy Background Paper

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166 Leek, L., Seneque, D., & Ward, K. (2004). Parental drug and alcohol use as a contributing factor in care and protection applications 2003. Perth: Department for Community Development, Government of Western Australia. Lenne, M.G. (2007). Roadside drug testing: Unanswered questions and future challenges. Drug and Alcohol Review, 26, 107-108 (Editorial). Lineberry, T., & Bostwick, M. (2006). Methamphetamine abuse: A perfect storm of complications. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 81, 77-84. London, E.D., Berman, S.M., Voytek, B., et al. (2005). Cerebral metabolic dysfunction and impaired vigilance in recently abstinent methamphetamine abusers. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 967-974. Lough, G. (1997). Law Enforcement and harm reduction: mutually exclusive or mutually compatible? International Journal of Drug Policy. 9. 167-75. Loxley, W., Toumbourou, J.W., Stockwell, T., Haines, B., Scott, K., Godfrey, C., Waters, E., Patton, G., Fordham, R., Gray, D., Marshall, J., Ryder, D., Saggers, S., Sanci, L. & Williams, J. (2004). The Prevention of Substance Use, Risk and Harm in Australia: A Review of the Evidence. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia. Luchansky, B., Krupski, A., & Stark, K. (2007). Treatment response by primary drug of abuse: Does methamphetamine make a difference? Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 32, 89-96. Maglione, M., Chao, B. & Anglin, M.D. (2000). Correlates of outpatient drug treatment drop-out among methamphetamine users. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 32 (2), 221-228. Maher, L., Dixon, D., Lynske, M. & Hall, W. (1998). Running the risks: Heroin, health and harm in South West Sydney. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales. Makkai, T. (1999). Drug Use Monitoring in Australia (DUMA): A brief description. Research and Public Policy Series, no. 21. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Makkai, T. (2001). Statistical systems, crime statistics. In D. Featherman (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioural Sciences: Institutions and Infrastructure. Oxford: Pergamon. Makkai, T. & McGregor, K. (2002). Drugs and crime: Calculating attributable fractions from the DUMA project. In D. Collins & H. Lapsley (Eds.), Counting the Cost: Estimates of the Social Costs of Drug Abuse in Australia in 1989-9. Canberra: Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing. Makkai, T. & McGregor, K. (2003). Drug Use Monitoring in Australia (DUMA): 2002 Annual Report on Drug Use Among Police Detainees. Canberrra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Makkai T. & Payne J (2003). Key findings from the Drug Use Careers of Offenders (DUCO) Study. Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice, No. 267.
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Page 1:
National Amphetamine-Type Stimulant
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ii Acknowledgments This research wo
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iv Table of contents Acknowledgemen
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vi List of tables Table 1.1: Amphet
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viii
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2 The NDS framework and the Law Enf
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4 Table 1.1: Amphetamine-type stimu
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6 particularly on the Pacific Coast
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8 Figure 1.1: MDMA (ecstasy) tablet
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10 a 10-year period. While some of
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12 Figure 1.4: Forms of methampheta
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14 Figure 1.5: Median purity of met
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16 As noted, the route of administr
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18 Chapter 2: Setting the Context T
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20 Figure 2.2: Prevalence of ecstas
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22 19 years (Dunn et al., 2007). Th
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24 The use of MDMA among police det
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26 this survey is conducted with th
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28 models might be useful. On the o
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30 the questionnaire in February 20
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32 2.5 Summary According to the lat
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34 anxiety, agitation, tremor, teet
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36 may be stronger than the link wi
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38 Srisurapanot and colleagues (200
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40 Psychiatric problems appear to o
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42 In 2005, there was a total of 68
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44 The most recent EDRS survey foun
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46 same reasons they use the drugs
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48 Shoptaw and Reback (2007) review
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50 It has also been speculated that
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52 Parental ATS use In addition to
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54 The Minnesota Department of Heal
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56 Chapter 4: Prevention and Harm R
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58 should cover the full range of d
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60 specific drug (Spoth et al., 200
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62 be applied regularly and systema
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64 Strategies targeting vulnerable
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66 Examples of particular periods t
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68 At-risk workplaces There is incr
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70 The consultation forum with Abor
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72 young people was noted in the su
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74 and/or others); mental health ef
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76 of the fact that frequently peop
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78 Sexual risk behaviour is a furth
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80 • Cleaning up; • Transport o
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82 Assessing the risks of illicitly
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84 4.4 Challenges of applying preve
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86 but a number of studies are now
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88 The pack included a video, train
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90 Chapter 5: Treatment and Service
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92 to the occurrence of amphetamine
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94 In relation to the need for spec
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96 These studies replicate earlier
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98 addressed not only the drug user
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100 Research conducted in the subse
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102 users, data that may be general
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104 that limit brain exposure to me
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106 only significant difference was
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108 through the use of antipsychoti
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110 to develop the capacity of the
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112 It was also suggested that link
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114 as new evidence emerges. New ps
Page 126 and 127: 116 border in 2000 (McKetin et al.,
Page 128 and 129: 118 Table 6.1: Number of clandestin
Page 130 and 131: 120 Table 6.2: Examples of domestic
Page 132 and 133: 122 Tasmania In 2004, strengthened
Page 134 and 135: 124 Recommendations from the consul
Page 136 and 137: 126 Although there are a number of
Page 138 and 139: 128 illegal drugs. When incarcerate
Page 140 and 141: 130 heroin) (Payne et al., 2007). I
Page 142 and 143: 132 Some examples of diversion prog
Page 144 and 145: 134 Other research has compared psy
Page 146 and 147: 136 Rehabilitation in Corrections T
Page 148 and 149: 138 Synthetic Drugs measure will im
Page 150 and 151: 140 • Stealing from motor vehicle
Page 152 and 153: 142 criminal offences There continu
Page 154 and 155: 144 • Increase international coll
Page 156 and 157: 146 • Ensuring offence and penalt
Page 158 and 159: 148 Law enforcement agencies are pl
Page 160 and 161: 150 Appendix 1 National consultatio
Page 162 and 163: 152 Appendix 2 Written submissions
Page 164 and 165: 154 Australian Institute of Health
Page 166 and 167: 156 Bowers, J. & Johnson, S. (2003)
Page 168 and 169: 158 Crits-Christoph, P., Siqueland,
Page 170 and 171: 160 Drug & Alcohol Services South A
Page 172 and 173: 162 Halkitis, P.N., Parsons, J.T.,
Page 174 and 175: 164 Hull, P., Rawstorne, P., Zablot
Page 178 and 179: 168 McKetin, R., McLaren, J., Kelly
Page 180 and 181: 170 NSW Health (2006). Psychostimul
Page 182 and 183: 172 Ressler, K.J., & Nemeroff, C.B.
Page 184 and 185: 174 Small, W., Kerr, T., Charette,
Page 186 and 187: 176 United Nations Office for Drug
Page 188 and 189: 178
Page 190: 180
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