National Amphetamine-Type Stimulant Strategy Background Paper

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174 Small, W., Kerr, T., Charette, J., Schechter, M.T. & Spittal, P.M. (2006). Impacts of intensified police activity on injection drug users: evidence from an ethnographic investigation. International Journal of Drug Policy, 17 (2), 85-95. Smith, H.G. (1993). Intervention strategies for children vulnerable for school failure due to exposure to drugs and alcohol. International Journal of Addiction, 28, 1435-1470. Smith, L. (forthcoming). Amphetamine-type stimulants and violent crime. Trends & Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Smith, L., Yonekura, M.L., Wallace, T., Berman, N., Kuo, J. & Berkowitz, C. (2003). Effects of prenatal methamphetamine exposure on fetal growth and rug withdrawal symptoms in infants born at term. Journal of Developmental Behavioural Paediatrics, 24, 17-23. Spoth, R. L., Clair, S., Shin, C., & Redmond, C. (2006). Long-term effects of universal preventive interventions on methamphetamine use among adolescents. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 160, 876-882. Spruit, I. P. (2001). Monitoring synthetic drug markets, trends, and public health. Substance Use and Misuse, 36(1-2), 23-47. Soar, K., Turner, J.J., & Parrott, A.C. (2006). Problematic versus non-problematic ecstasy/MDMA use: The influence of drug usage patterns and pre-existing psychiatric factors. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 20 (3), 417-424. Sommers, I., & Baskin, D. (2006). Methamphetamine use and violence. Journal of Drug Issues, 36, 77-96. Srisurapanont, M., Ali, R., Marsden, J., Sunga, A., Wada, K., & Monteiro, M. (2003). Psychotic symptoms in methamphetamine psychotic in-patients. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 6, 347-352. Srisurapanont, M., Jarusuraisin, N., & Kittirattanapaiboon, P. (2001). Treatment for amphetamine dependence and abuse. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 4. Oxford: Update Software. Srisurapanont, M., Sombatmai, S., & Boripuntakul, T. (2007). Brief Intervention for students with methamphetamine use disorders: A randomized controlled trial. American Journal on Addictions, 16, 111-116. Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision. (2006). Report on Government Services. Melbourne: Productivity Commission. Strang, J., Des Jarlais, D.C., Griffiths, P., & Gossop, M. (1992). The study of transitions in the route of drug use: The route from one route to another. British Journal of Addiction, 87, 473-483. Stubbs, M., Hides, L., Howard, J., & Arcuri, A. (2004). Psychostimulants and young people. In A. Baker, N.K. Lee, & L. Jenner (Eds), Models of Intervention and Care for Psychostimulant Users (2 nd Edition). National Drug Strategy Monograph Series No. 51. Canberra: Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing.
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Page 1:
National Amphetamine-Type Stimulant
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ii Acknowledgments This research wo
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iv Table of contents Acknowledgemen
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vi List of tables Table 1.1: Amphet
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viii
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2 The NDS framework and the Law Enf
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4 Table 1.1: Amphetamine-type stimu
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6 particularly on the Pacific Coast
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8 Figure 1.1: MDMA (ecstasy) tablet
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10 a 10-year period. While some of
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12 Figure 1.4: Forms of methampheta
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14 Figure 1.5: Median purity of met
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16 As noted, the route of administr
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18 Chapter 2: Setting the Context T
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20 Figure 2.2: Prevalence of ecstas
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22 19 years (Dunn et al., 2007). Th
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24 The use of MDMA among police det
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26 this survey is conducted with th
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28 models might be useful. On the o
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30 the questionnaire in February 20
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32 2.5 Summary According to the lat
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34 anxiety, agitation, tremor, teet
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36 may be stronger than the link wi
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38 Srisurapanot and colleagues (200
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40 Psychiatric problems appear to o
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42 In 2005, there was a total of 68
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44 The most recent EDRS survey foun
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46 same reasons they use the drugs
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48 Shoptaw and Reback (2007) review
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50 It has also been speculated that
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52 Parental ATS use In addition to
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54 The Minnesota Department of Heal
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56 Chapter 4: Prevention and Harm R
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58 should cover the full range of d
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60 specific drug (Spoth et al., 200
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62 be applied regularly and systema
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64 Strategies targeting vulnerable
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66 Examples of particular periods t
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68 At-risk workplaces There is incr
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70 The consultation forum with Abor
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72 young people was noted in the su
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74 and/or others); mental health ef
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76 of the fact that frequently peop
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78 Sexual risk behaviour is a furth
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80 • Cleaning up; • Transport o
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82 Assessing the risks of illicitly
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84 4.4 Challenges of applying preve
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86 but a number of studies are now
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88 The pack included a video, train
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90 Chapter 5: Treatment and Service
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92 to the occurrence of amphetamine
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94 In relation to the need for spec
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96 These studies replicate earlier
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98 addressed not only the drug user
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100 Research conducted in the subse
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102 users, data that may be general
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104 that limit brain exposure to me
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106 only significant difference was
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108 through the use of antipsychoti
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110 to develop the capacity of the
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112 It was also suggested that link
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114 as new evidence emerges. New ps
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116 border in 2000 (McKetin et al.,
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118 Table 6.1: Number of clandestin
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120 Table 6.2: Examples of domestic
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122 Tasmania In 2004, strengthened
Page 134 and 135: 124 Recommendations from the consul
Page 136 and 137: 126 Although there are a number of
Page 138 and 139: 128 illegal drugs. When incarcerate
Page 140 and 141: 130 heroin) (Payne et al., 2007). I
Page 142 and 143: 132 Some examples of diversion prog
Page 144 and 145: 134 Other research has compared psy
Page 146 and 147: 136 Rehabilitation in Corrections T
Page 148 and 149: 138 Synthetic Drugs measure will im
Page 150 and 151: 140 • Stealing from motor vehicle
Page 152 and 153: 142 criminal offences There continu
Page 154 and 155: 144 • Increase international coll
Page 156 and 157: 146 • Ensuring offence and penalt
Page 158 and 159: 148 Law enforcement agencies are pl
Page 160 and 161: 150 Appendix 1 National consultatio
Page 162 and 163: 152 Appendix 2 Written submissions
Page 164 and 165: 154 Australian Institute of Health
Page 166 and 167: 156 Bowers, J. & Johnson, S. (2003)
Page 168 and 169: 158 Crits-Christoph, P., Siqueland,
Page 170 and 171: 160 Drug & Alcohol Services South A
Page 172 and 173: 162 Halkitis, P.N., Parsons, J.T.,
Page 174 and 175: 164 Hull, P., Rawstorne, P., Zablot
Page 176 and 177: 166 Leek, L., Seneque, D., & Ward,
Page 178 and 179: 168 McKetin, R., McLaren, J., Kelly
Page 180 and 181: 170 NSW Health (2006). Psychostimul
Page 182 and 183: 172 Ressler, K.J., & Nemeroff, C.B.
Page 186 and 187: 176 United Nations Office for Drug
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Page 190: 180
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