Alma Mater Studiorum Universit`a degli Studi di Bologna ... - Inaf

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3 Magnetic fields in the hot phase of the intergalactic medium 21 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.1.1 Diffuse synchrotron sources in galaxy clusters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.1.2 Magnetic fields from diffuse radio sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.1.3 Diffuse inverse Compton emission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.2 Faraday Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3.2.1 Internal Faraday Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3.2.2 Foreground RM contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 3.2.3 Galactic Faraday rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.3 Depolarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.4 RM analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.5 The magnetic field profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.6 Tangled magnetic field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3.7 The magnetic field power spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.7.1 Magnetic field power spectrum from two-dimensional analysis . . . . . . 38 4 Structure of the magneto-ionic medium around the Fanaroff-Riley Class I radio galaxy 3C 449 43 4.1 The radio source 3C 449: general properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 4.2 Total intensity and polarization properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 4.3 The Faraday rotation in 3C 449 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 4.3.1 Rotation measure images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 4.3.2 The Galactic Faraday rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 4.4 Depolarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 4.5 Two dimensional analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 4.5.1 General considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 4.5.2 Structure functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 4.6 Three-dimensional analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4.6.1 Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4.6.2 Magnetic field strength and radial profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.6.3 The outer scale of the magnetic-field fluctuations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 4.7 Summary and comparison with other sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 4.7.1 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 4.7.2 Comparison with other sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 5 Ordered magnetic fields around radio galaxies: evidence for interaction with the environment 73 5.1 The Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 5.1.1 0206+35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.1.2 3C 270 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.1.3 3C 353 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 5.1.4 M 84 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 5.2 Analysis of RM and depolarization images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 5.3 Rotation measure images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 5.4 Depolarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 5.5 Rotation measure structure functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 5.6 Rotation-measure bands from compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 5.7 Rotation-measure bands from a draped magnetic field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 5.7.1 General considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 5.7.2 Axisymmetric draped magnetic fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 5.7.3 A two-dimensional draped magnetic field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 5.7.4 RM reversals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 5.8 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 5.8.1 Where do bands occur? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 5.8.2 RM bands in other sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 5.8.3 Foreground isotropic field fluctuations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 5.8.4 Asymmetries in RM bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 5.8.5 Enhanced depolarization and mixing layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 5.9 Conclusions and outstanding questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Page 1: Alma Mater Studiorum Università de
Page 5: To Hypatia from Alexandria in Egypt
Page 9: Contents Abstract i 1 Physics of ra
Page 13 and 14: Abstract The existence of diffuse m
Page 15 and 16: 2. Two-dimensional Monte Carlo simu
Page 17 and 18: Chapter 1 Physics of radio galaxies
Page 19 and 20: 1.2. Non-thermal emission mechanism
Page 21 and 22: 1.2. Non-thermal emission mechanism
Page 23 and 24: 1.3. Radio galaxies 7 FR II sources
Page 25 and 26: 1.3. Radio galaxies 9 (a) (b) Figur
Page 27 and 28: 1.3. Radio galaxies 11 pressure, th
Page 29 and 30: Chapter 2 The X-ray environment of
Page 31 and 32: 2.2. The thermal component 15 Figur
Page 33 and 34: 2.3. Radio source - environment int
Page 35 and 36: 2.3. Radio source - environment int
Page 37 and 38: Chapter 3 Magnetic fields in the ho
Page 39 and 40: 3.1. Introduction 23 Figure 3.1: Ex
Page 41 and 42: 3.1. Introduction 25 to the relativ
Page 43 and 44: 3.2. Faraday Rotation 27 The RM can
Page 45 and 46: 3.2. Faraday Rotation 29 Figure 3.4
Page 47 and 48: 3.3. Depolarization 31 3.3 Depolari
Page 49 and 50: 3.5. The magnetic field profile 33
Page 51 and 52: 3.6. Tangled magnetic field 35 rad
Page 53 and 54: 3.7. The magnetic field power spect
Page 59 and 60: Chapter 4 Structure of the magneto-
Page 61 and 62:
4.1. The radio source 3C 449: gener
Page 63 and 64:
4.3. The Faraday rotation in 3C 449
Page 65 and 66:
4.3. The Faraday rotation in 3C 449
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4.4. Depolarization 51 Figure 4.4:
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4.4. Depolarization 53 1.25 arcsec
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4.5. Two dimensional analysis 55 sm
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4.5. Two dimensional analysis 57 Fi
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4.6. Three-dimensional analysis 59
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4.7. Summary and comparison with ot
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Chapter 5 Ordered magnetic fields a
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5.1. The Sample 75 35 49 00 ROSAT P
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5.1. The Sample 77 5.1.1 0206+35 02
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5.2. Analysis of RM and depolarizat
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5.3. Rotation measure images 81 IMA
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5.3. Rotation measure images 83 cor
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5.4. Depolarization 85 Therefore, a
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5.5. Rotation measure structure fun
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5.6. Rotation-measure bands from co
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5.7. Rotation-measure bands from a
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5.7. Rotation-measure bands from a
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5.8. Discussion 99 5.8 Discussion 5
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5.8. Discussion 101 line−of−sig
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5.8. Discussion 103 flat slopes. I
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5.9. Conclusions and outstanding qu
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5.9. Conclusions and outstanding qu
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Chapter 6 Faraday rotation in two e
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6.2. Two-dimensional analysis: rota
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6.3. Two-dimensional analysis: stru
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6.4. Preliminary conclusions 121 Ta
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6.4. Preliminary conclusions 123
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Summary and conclusions The goal of
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6.5. Summary 127 responsible for th
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6.6. General conclusions 129 radio
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6.7. Future prospects 131 and is th
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Appendix 133
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136 Data reduction and imaging of l
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144 BIBLIOGRAPHY Bîrzan, L., Raffe
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146 BIBLIOGRAPHY Ensslin, T.A. & Go
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148 BIBLIOGRAPHY Jeltema, T.E. & Pr
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150 BIBLIOGRAPHY Owen, F.N., 1989,
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152 BIBLIOGRAPHY 152
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