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ttz Lake Cahora Bassa has a shoreline ofapproximately 1200 km'zand a surface area of 2665 km'? when at the planned operating level of 326 m a.s.l. @ernacsek and topes, 1984). Since 1981 the mean operating level has dropped to 315 m a.s.l. and this has led to an unstable situation at the head of the lake close the Zimbabwean border (the Zumbo basin) with a fluctuating lakehiver interface. Most samDles were collected in this basin. trlgure 1: The Zambezi River rhowing Lsk€s Kaiiba and Cahora Bassa NIMBERS AND POPI]LATION STRUCTURE The age structure and size of two populations was estimated for $e Zambezi river, the second study site being located 300 km downstream fi:om Lake Kariba in Mozambique using methods summarised in Bayliss (1988) and Graham (1988). The investigation the Mozambican study site was an opportunistic one with its principal aim to obtain a sample of larger orocodiles as these were proving difficult to catch in Lake Kariba. Extensive work went into estimating the size of the Mozambican population using several methods (aerial survey, spotlight munts, cropping and nest counts) were available and was possible to ascertain if they gave similar results. Population estimates from nesting data did agree with other methods and consequently this puts confidence in the population estimates flom nest counts fo. Lake Kariba. The mean populatio[ estimate for the Zimbabwean side of Lake Kariba was 6 500 crocodiles of all sizes with approximately 3 500 of these being larger than 1.2 m total lengtl (i.e. sub-adults and adults). This gives an estimate density of 3.51 animals per kilometre of shoreline. The maximum estimate using correction factom from Hutton and Woolholse (1990) was approximately l1 500 animals with nearly 6 000 ofthese being sub-adults and adults. However, it should be remembered that in recent years aftempts are being made to collert all eggs fiom
113 areas outside the National parks and this will affect recruitment into the DoDulation. Also Zimbabwes' release programhe "uff""t of farmed animals is underway una tfri. ,iiii,. tf," numbers and size and age structure of the population. Using thj size structure of the Zambezi population in three broad categories was assessed iiom cropping and wu comparJwith data from literature. ^the Mean figures of 4g % juvenilqs, 32 % sub'_artults jO'i uOu,r. *"r" used for the final calculations. "oj Figure 2: Lake Kariba (Zimbabwe shore only) showing the Ume €stuary Ko rib o Ume Estuory Study Site a' .9tr \\ Mo tuso do n a Nqtionol Pork e .\\ C FEEDING Using a new method of anatysis for stomach contents (Webb and Hollis, 1990) this study showed. some-interesting dietary chanSes within the juv;nile sire ctass lanimats'< ZOOm. Jvr-r. raxe ^aflDa ooqs not support crabs and consequently juvenile crocodiles have ro oo without this potentially imponant nutrient source. Theluvenites appear to feJ on-iene,strial insects, small mammals and liogs at low Ievels initially untit rhey ard about:OOmm SVf_ *fren their intale.increases dramatically (from approximateiy 0.2 g d-i tor juvenil"s-
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CROCODILES Proc€€dings of the l
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FOREWORD The two volumes of this PR
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Elsey, R M, McNease, L & Joanen, T:
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CFAZ CIIAIRMAN'S OPENING COMMENTS F
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PRESENTATION FROM THE MINISTER OF E
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Fitting Curves to crocodilian Aqe-s
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7 a.set of uniforrn random nunbers.
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2. VON BERTAI"ANFFY MODEL FOR GROWT
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11 The -following four tables give
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UNIFoRU sarnpling MEDfUM sahpl ing
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15 Sectior IV: Actual Croc Data, l,
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1'l (ii) Linear regressron. same ra
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1,9 rejecting nufl hypotheses that
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21 Brisbin, I.L., Jr., c.c. White,
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Iength lthich corresponds to the ni
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25 Because of lack of funds Eo carr
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27 Despite the fact that during a p
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29 FIGURE N9 2 BLACK CAIIIAN POPULA
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I'Effect of diets conplenented vith
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3i Two of the 6 x 2 m. tanks four e
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: .i ; -3, E .-1 t FFdF !_9 + + + +
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10 Table IV : fl aernathological Re
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4l 4.- CONCLUSIoNS 1) The most favo
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43 THE INVOLVEMENT OF RURAL COMMUNI
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45 the rainy season and, in conhast
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47 difficulties and the isolation o
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49 Eacb time that one of the villag
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51 CONCLUSION Naturally, these rcsu
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53 LONG-TERM POPUT-A.TION S'ruDIES
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55 'Ile study reporled here was des
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5'7 made of transmilteFequjpped ndm
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59 wilhin the reservoir was lypific
Page 67 and 68: 6l However the use of such winter d
Page 69 and 70: 6.1 surface to breathe (Kellogg 192
Page 71 and 72: 65 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was su
Page 73 and 74: Murphy, T. M., P. M. Wilkinson, J-
Page 75 and 76: 69 t 3 ^ 3 :9s 3P o ;x !B 'rr.l9 3e
Page 77 and 78: 7l FoDd B + i Poud C I Pltllr. l. U
Page 79 and 80: 73 9 October 1991 L t' I L t' 26 Ma
Page 81 and 82: 75 80 -r- 1987-88 + 1991-92 t -40 .
Page 83 and 84: 77 GROWTH RAIE OF CAIMAN (Caiman cr
Page 85 and 86: 79 Values of the life lable paramet
Page 87 and 88: 81 REFERENCES Craig. G.C., D. Si.C.
Page 89 and 90: 83 CUMATIC F{w L Stirldi .6.aiDS EF
Page 91 and 92: 85 2. Behavioral facilitation of re
Page 93 and 94: 87 TeEperature, hy&ic coaditionq aa
Page 95 and 96: 89 The sexual behaviors of irdividu
Page 97 and 98: 9l 2o I E F conuor o.r r.0 r0.0 a0.
Page 99 and 100: 93 Referetrces Ber!, H.A. (1990). T
Page 101 and 102: 95 GROWTH RATES AND BODY CONDITION
Page 103 and 104: 97 LIPID AND FATTY ACID COMPOSMONAL
Page 105 and 106: 99 be removed sustalnably, provided
Page 107 and 108: 101 necessary as the endurance of t
Page 109 and 110: 103 Table 2. The ratio of first sig
Page 111 and 112: 105 3) Movement and dispersal The r
Page 113 and 114: 107 Disease Trend$ on Crocodite Far
Page 115 and 116: 109 Fuigol and other dermar,?ir - d
Page 117: 111 THE FEEDINC ECOLOGY OF TWO NILE
Page 121 and 122: 115 been done for a tlpical populat
Page 123 and 124: 117 ACKNOWLU)GEMENTS This study was
Page 125 and 126: 119 THE STATUS AN'D DISTRIBUTION OF
Page 127 and 128: Figure l: Crocodile Survey - Tanzan
Page 129 and 130: 123 :rD ES e € a 69 PE e 3 Er t !
Page 131 and 132: 125 Ruaha River (Figure 2) The Ruah
Page 133 and 134: 127 lake Mtera (Figure 4) This is a
Page 135 and 136: t29 with 6shermenand subsistence f'
Page 137 and 138: lil Kilimmjaro/Tanga Region Pa gani
Page 139 and 140: 133 The numbers of crccodiles durin
Page 141 and 142: 135 REFERENCES Chabreck, R.H. 1966.
Page 143 and 144: l -37' 3.1.4 lagal Trad.e Local tra
Page 145 and 146: l.l9 In order to gecure credibility
Page 147 and 148: l4l 'rould apply to 6kins of good h
Page 149 and 150: 143 This infdrrDation cduld be supp
Page 151 and 152: l.l-s ].nternational reEplfnstbitit
Page 153 and 154: t4'/ illegal sttjns in their pr,r,d
Page 155 and 156: 149 CROCODILE SKIN INDUSTRY IN ETII
Page 157 and 158: l5l Table 2. Ouotas for Ethiopian c
Page 159 and 160: 153 depriving EWCO of incentive for
Page 161 and 162: 155 A PRELII{] NARY ASStsSS!.IENT O
Page 163 and 164: 15',7 Origin l Payert lltosk Breedi
Page 165 and 166: 159 dropped, producing 23 and l9 eg
Page 167 and 168: l6l This figure ts even lorrer than
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163 =z 3F \riciNoraj {
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165 References EArr,ER, R.D. ( 1976
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t6'1 IPPIIDIX tt BtoBtE cI0@(DILX n
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l()t/ Backqround l,lelano5uchus nio
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t7l The numbers of black cainan c'b
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