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130 Maru Region S€rengeti National Pllrk Gruneti/Orangi Riwr (Figure 7) This is a narrow, tightly meandering liver with a thick tree tiinge and overhang ovelall .."*ajr" a"".ird Geiow (0.83 c;codiles/km) but rnost o-f.these were contained within a .i"" .""."-1""t itt" Kirawira research station where densities were estimated to be 8 75 crocodiles/km. Most of the sectlonsurveyed were within the Serengeti National Park' Seroneru RiYer (FiSure 7) This is a short and very narrow tributary ofthe Oiangi river which had a low estimateden"\ity to.:q Ali of the river was within the serengeti National Patk. "i".""".,r" "6codiles/km). Mara Riwr (FiSure 7) This is a meandering, moderately wide river with part of its course within the Serengeti N;;;";l P.tl.- Th";t-;ere many rock and sand ba$ within the National Park the average ai*-"-*"" *lf.""i ,o be 0.SSirocodiles/km but was as high as 1.3? crocodiles/km near the i"tryu'n fo.o".. No crococliles were seen outside the National Park' Fisure 7: Sercngeti crocodile survey - 1990 q\. ,J i ',!. nvY -n j !. GrLrm I I t_ ,a o^4
lil Kilimmjaro/Tanga Region Pa gani River This is a very sinuous river with an extensive tree and reed overhang. There are very few sandbanks and the river can be divided into two strata. The upstream section flows through an extensive floodplain which was still holding water. <strong>Crocodile</strong> density was estimated at 0.17 crocodiles/km. The downstream section is similar to the upstream section but there are no swamp areas. Density was estimated to be 0.02 crocodiles/km- Lake l\Yumbo ya Mungu This is a new lake which, like Lake Mtera, is heavily settled with fishermen. No crocodiles were seen, OBSERVER CORRECTION FACTORS On one occasion it was possible to ctrry out a tanden count which allows some estimation of observer error. The correction fictor for observer 1 (Games) was estinated to be 1.8 and for observer 2 (Liyimo) it was estimated to be 4.2. This means that any sightings by those observershould be multiplied by these corfection fhctors if the aim is to speculate ahout a possible total population estimate. SPOTLIGHT COUNTS AND CORRECTION FACTORS Night counts were carried out in the Kilombero and Rutjji rivers and in Lake Tagalalla (Tables 4- 5 and 6). In the Bomalangarea ofthe Kilombero river both banks were counted tbr 6 km. This channel was surveyed tiom the air two weeks later. The night count showed 132 crocodiles while the aerial survey located 4l crocodiles. This ireans that dle correction faotor is 3.22. It is doubtful that this can be extrapolated to the enti.e length of dte Kilombero as much of the channel flowing towards Shiguli talls is very difierenl in chffacter (the Bomalangarca is a myriad of channels flowing through reeded sandbanks while the rest of the river flows down a single channel contained within steep mud-banks). This section is probably more similar to sections of the lower Rufiji. Two sections of the lower Rutiji were surveyed tbr crocodiles at night. ln a 12 km stretch of the river from the Kidai ferry to opposite Lake Tagalalla 304 crocodile.! were connted. During this survey only the northern bank was surveyed. It was estimated from 1:50000 (1966) maps that lhere were 32 km of shoreline between these two points. A correction of 2.6 woukl yield an estimate of 790 crocodiles. A total ol 195 c.ocodiles were countecl fiom the air in this section which would indicate a correction tac()r fir the aerial count of4.l. A similar corfection is calculated for the section of river fiom Rutlji river camp (reserve boundary) to Lake Nzerakera. The night count (both banks) revealed 168 crocodiles while 39 animals were counted tiom the air giving a correction f'actor of 4.3. The entire shoreline of Lake Tagalalla was su.veyed at night and 816 crocodiles were counted. An aerial survey sbowed 181 animals which is a correction factor of 4.5-
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CROCODILES Proc€€dings of the l
Page 3:
FOREWORD The two volumes of this PR
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Elsey, R M, McNease, L & Joanen, T:
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CFAZ CIIAIRMAN'S OPENING COMMENTS F
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PRESENTATION FROM THE MINISTER OF E
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Fitting Curves to crocodilian Aqe-s
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7 a.set of uniforrn random nunbers.
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2. VON BERTAI"ANFFY MODEL FOR GROWT
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11 The -following four tables give
Page 21 and 22:
UNIFoRU sarnpling MEDfUM sahpl ing
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15 Sectior IV: Actual Croc Data, l,
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1'l (ii) Linear regressron. same ra
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1,9 rejecting nufl hypotheses that
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21 Brisbin, I.L., Jr., c.c. White,
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Iength lthich corresponds to the ni
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25 Because of lack of funds Eo carr
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27 Despite the fact that during a p
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29 FIGURE N9 2 BLACK CAIIIAN POPULA
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I'Effect of diets conplenented vith
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3i Two of the 6 x 2 m. tanks four e
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: .i ; -3, E .-1 t FFdF !_9 + + + +
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10 Table IV : fl aernathological Re
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4l 4.- CONCLUSIoNS 1) The most favo
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43 THE INVOLVEMENT OF RURAL COMMUNI
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45 the rainy season and, in conhast
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47 difficulties and the isolation o
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49 Eacb time that one of the villag
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51 CONCLUSION Naturally, these rcsu
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53 LONG-TERM POPUT-A.TION S'ruDIES
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55 'Ile study reporled here was des
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5'7 made of transmilteFequjpped ndm
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59 wilhin the reservoir was lypific
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6l However the use of such winter d
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6.1 surface to breathe (Kellogg 192
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65 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was su
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Murphy, T. M., P. M. Wilkinson, J-
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69 t 3 ^ 3 :9s 3P o ;x !B 'rr.l9 3e
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7l FoDd B + i Poud C I Pltllr. l. U
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73 9 October 1991 L t' I L t' 26 Ma
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75 80 -r- 1987-88 + 1991-92 t -40 .
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77 GROWTH RAIE OF CAIMAN (Caiman cr
Page 85 and 86: 79 Values of the life lable paramet
Page 87 and 88: 81 REFERENCES Craig. G.C., D. Si.C.
Page 89 and 90: 83 CUMATIC F{w L Stirldi .6.aiDS EF
Page 91 and 92: 85 2. Behavioral facilitation of re
Page 93 and 94: 87 TeEperature, hy&ic coaditionq aa
Page 95 and 96: 89 The sexual behaviors of irdividu
Page 97 and 98: 9l 2o I E F conuor o.r r.0 r0.0 a0.
Page 99 and 100: 93 Referetrces Ber!, H.A. (1990). T
Page 101 and 102: 95 GROWTH RATES AND BODY CONDITION
Page 103 and 104: 97 LIPID AND FATTY ACID COMPOSMONAL
Page 105 and 106: 99 be removed sustalnably, provided
Page 107 and 108: 101 necessary as the endurance of t
Page 109 and 110: 103 Table 2. The ratio of first sig
Page 111 and 112: 105 3) Movement and dispersal The r
Page 113 and 114: 107 Disease Trend$ on Crocodite Far
Page 115 and 116: 109 Fuigol and other dermar,?ir - d
Page 117 and 118: 111 THE FEEDINC ECOLOGY OF TWO NILE
Page 119 and 120: 113 areas outside the National park
Page 121 and 122: 115 been done for a tlpical populat
Page 123 and 124: 117 ACKNOWLU)GEMENTS This study was
Page 125 and 126: 119 THE STATUS AN'D DISTRIBUTION OF
Page 127 and 128: Figure l: Crocodile Survey - Tanzan
Page 129 and 130: 123 :rD ES e € a 69 PE e 3 Er t !
Page 131 and 132: 125 Ruaha River (Figure 2) The Ruah
Page 133 and 134: 127 lake Mtera (Figure 4) This is a
Page 135: t29 with 6shermenand subsistence f'
Page 139 and 140: 133 The numbers of crccodiles durin
Page 141 and 142: 135 REFERENCES Chabreck, R.H. 1966.
Page 143 and 144: l -37' 3.1.4 lagal Trad.e Local tra
Page 145 and 146: l.l9 In order to gecure credibility
Page 147 and 148: l4l 'rould apply to 6kins of good h
Page 149 and 150: 143 This infdrrDation cduld be supp
Page 151 and 152: l.l-s ].nternational reEplfnstbitit
Page 153 and 154: t4'/ illegal sttjns in their pr,r,d
Page 155 and 156: 149 CROCODILE SKIN INDUSTRY IN ETII
Page 157 and 158: l5l Table 2. Ouotas for Ethiopian c
Page 159 and 160: 153 depriving EWCO of incentive for
Page 161 and 162: 155 A PRELII{] NARY ASStsSS!.IENT O
Page 163 and 164: 15',7 Origin l Payert lltosk Breedi
Page 165 and 166: 159 dropped, producing 23 and l9 eg
Page 167 and 168: l6l This figure ts even lorrer than
Page 169 and 170: 163 =z 3F \riciNoraj {
Page 171 and 172: 165 References EArr,ER, R.D. ( 1976
Page 173 and 174: t6'1 IPPIIDIX tt BtoBtE cI0@(DILX n
Page 175 and 176: l()t/ Backqround l,lelano5uchus nio
Page 177: t7l The numbers of black cainan c'b
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