Presidential Greeting - American Society for Laser Medicine and ...

day. LLLT, P1 LLLT, P2 LLLT, S1, S2, V and Control (C)
regimes were tested. Control animals received neither drug nor
light therapy, but were handled in a similar fashion. Ulcer
stages were graded using a standardized scale. Changes in
staging, and digital photographs were recorded daily. Wound
diameter and area were assessed and wound closure rates were
calculated. Histology was evaluated (H&E, Masson’s Trichrome
stain).
Results: LLLT alone or combined with P1 or P2 significantly
accelerated wound healing. The slope of the wound closure rate
trendline was greatest for P2 þ LLLT The administration of P1,
P2, S1 or S2 alone delayed wound closure in this model. V alone
had no effect on wound healing.
Conclusion: VEGF mimicking peptides delayed wound healing
in pressure ulcers. Phototherapy appears to mitigate the
inhibitory effects of these peptides. The photostimulatory effects
of 670 nm light appear to be independent of the VEGF pathway.
Further studies of these effects are warranted.
#148
American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery Abstracts 45
PHOTOACTIVATED ANTIMICROBIAL COLLAGEN
REDUCES BIOBURDEN IN A MURINE PRESSURE
ULCER MODEL
Raymond Lanzafame, Istvan Stadler,
Ryan Cunningham, Robert Soltz, Barbara Soltz
Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY; Conversion Energy
Enterprises, Spring Valley, NY
Background: Topical antiseptics are of interest due to increasing
bacterial antibiotic resistance. This study examines the feasibility
of photoactivated collagen-embedded riboflavin-5-phosphate
(PCRB) in an infected pressure ulcer model.
Study: Female Balb/C mice (n ¼ 24, 35 g) were anesthetized with
50% CO2: 50% O2. Pressure ulcers were created. Dorsal hair was
shaved, depilated, and skin cleansed with 70% isopropanol. The
skin was placed between 2 and 12 mm diameter magnets (5 mm
thick, 1,000 Gauss). A 5 mm skin bridge was maintained between
magnets and the carnosis muscle was captured ( 12 h on 12 h
off). After three I/R cycles, animals were anesthetized with IP
xylazine and pentobarbital, ulcers and surrounding skin were
covered with Tegaderm TM and inoculated with 0.1 ml of
1 10 5 CFU/ml of MRSA. Fluid was permitted to reabsorb for
10 min. One wound from each animal was treated using PCRB
and photoradiated or photoradiated alone (n ¼ 11). Composite
dressing-treated wounds received 1 cm 1 cm PCRB wafers,
applied by excising Tegaderm TM overlying the ulcer, placing
PCRB over the wound and covering the wound with Tegaderm TM .
Wounds were irradiated at 457 nm (350 mW, 1 cm spot diameter,
15 min) using a diode pumped solid state laser (DPSSL) 10 min
after dressing placement. Control wounds did not receive PCRB or
photoradiation. Animals were euthanized at 24 hr post-therapy.
Quantitative bacterial counts (CFU/g tissue) were determined to
measure bactericidal efficiency.
Results: PCRB plus photoradiation resulted in a statistically
significant reduction in bacterial counts at 24 hours as compared
to untreated controls (P < 0.0001). Photoradiation alone was no
different from untreated controls (P ¼ 0.24).
Conclusion: This preliminary study demonstrated that
photoradiation at 457 nm after placement of collagen-embedded
riboflavin-5-phosphate inhibits bacterial growth in an infected
pressure ulcer model confirming earlier studies demonstrating a
2–3 log reduction in bacterial counts following treatment with
PCRB and photoradiation. Further studies to develop this wound
care modality are warranted. *Supported by NIH NIGM Grant #
1R43GM087753-01.
#149
IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES OF LLLT FOR
TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
Michael Hamblin, Weijun Xuan, Qiuhe Wu,
Ying-Ying Huang, Sulbha K. Sharma,
Gitika B. Kharkwal
Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MIT Boston, MA
Background: Low-level laser (or light) therapy (LLLT) is
attracting growing interest to treat both stroke and traumatic
brain injury (TBI). The fact that near-infrared light can penetrate
into the brain allows non-invasive treatment to be carried out with
a low likelihood of treatment-related adverse events. It is
proposed that red and NIR light is absorbed by chromophores in
the mitochondria of cells leading to changes in gene transcription
and upregulation of proteins involved in cell survival, antioxidant
production, collagen synthesis, reduction of chronic inflammation
and cell migration and proliferation.
Study: We cultured primary cortical neurons from embryonic
mouse brains and studied the effects of red and near-infra-red
laser light on the generation of reactive oxygen species, nitric
oxide release, transcription factor activation, intracellular
calcium and ATP. Two models of TBI in mice were developed; a
closed head weight drop and an open skull controlled cortical
impact. Transcranial laser therapy consisting of a single exposure
4-hours post-TBI to 36 J/cm 2 of various lasers was delivered.
Results: There was a biphasic dose response in cultured cortical
neurons for generation of ROS, NO, intracellular calcium,
mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP. 810-nm or 660-nm
laser significantly improved neurological severity score in TBI up
to 4-weeks post-TBI. Laser therapy at 730 or 980 nm was
ineffective. Histological studies at necropsy suggested that the
cortical lesion was repaired by neural progenitor (stem) cells from
the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus, possible stimulated by
the laser.
Conclusion: Transcranial laser therapy is a promising treatment
for acute (and chronic TBI) and the lack of side effects and paucity
of alternative treatments encourages early clinical trials.
#150
PULSE LIGHT IRRADIATION IMPROVES
BEHAVIORAL OUTCOME IN A RAT MODEL OF
CHRONIC MILD STRESS
Xingjia Wu, Stephanie Alberico, Helina Moges,
Ruchir Sehra, Luis DeTaboada, Juanita Anders
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda,
MD; PhotoThera, Inc., Carlsbad, CA
Background: The success of transcranial light therapy (TLT) for
the treatment of stroke in clinical trials suggests that TLT could
be used to treat other brain disorders such as depression. Current
therapy for depression emphasizes pharmaco-therapeutics, which
are effective in half of treated patients and often cause side effects.
TLT was studied in a rat model of chronic mild stress (CMS) as a
treatment for depression.
Study: Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: (1) nostress,
(2) stress without treatment (Control), (3) stress with
antidepressant (Drug), and (4) stress with TLT (TLT). All stressed