The European e-Business Report The European e ... - empirica

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The European E-Business Report 2005 Part 1: Synopsis of Main Findings Overview This chapter provides an overview of the state of adoption of electronic business in enterprises from 10 sectors of the EU economy. It is largely based on the e-Business Survey 2005 by e-Business W@tch. 8 Depending on the question asked in the survey, the reference year is either 2004 (in case of period-related items) or early 2005 (e.g. for yes/no questions on ICT adoption). "Electronic business" is hereby defined – in accordance with the definition proposed by the OECD – as "automated business processes (both intra-firm and inter-firm) over computer mediated networks". The results update and elaborate on the analysis presented in previous editions of the European E- Business Report. The 2005 Survey data are, however, based on a different configuration of sectors as compared to the earlier surveys. For this reason, and due to some changes in the survey set-up, direct comparisons of totals to those published in the 2003 and 2004 editions should be made with caution. Exhibit: Framework of the e-Business Survey 2005 and key results at a glance e-Readiness e-Activity e-Impact • ICT infrastructure • ICT skills of employees • Entrepreneurial e- business understanding • Automated intra-firm business processes • Automated business processes between companies and their suppliers and customers (B2B/B2C) • Implications for the individual enterprise • Implications for the industry value system • Policy implications Company internal processes sourcing and procurement inbound logistics production outbound logistics marketing / sales Cooperation with business partners, 3 rd parties Integrated e-business processes •96% of employees work in firms that have internet access •70% of firms (by employment) connect their computers with a LAN, 40% enable remote access to their network •28% have an ERP system (in most manufacturing sectors, more than 50%). •26% of employees work in companies with regular ICT training schemes. •27% of firms (by employment) purchase at least 5% of their supplies online – similar figures across size-bands. •19% use specific ICT systems for e-sourcing and procurement. •17% (by employment) enable online orders; but only 10% sell at least 5% of their goods online. •15% use a CRM system for managing customer data electronically. Source: e-Business W@tch (2005) •Process innovation in EU enterprises is to a large extent ICT enabled (about 75%). •More than 60% of firms (by employment) say that e-business plays a role in their day-to-day operations. •About 20% say that e-business has a significant impact. •Small firm size and high technology costs are main reasons for non-adoption. 8 See Annex III (Methodology Report) for more details. 17
The European E-Business Report 2005 The e-Business Survey 2005 Most of the data and evidence presented in this part of the report are based on results of the e- Business Survey 2005. e-Business W@tch collects data on the use of ICT and e-business in European enterprises by means of representative surveys. The e-Business Survey 2005, which was the third survey after those of 2002 and 2003, had a scope of 5,218 telephone interviews with decision-makers in enterprises from seven EU countries (the EU-7, i.e. Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain and the UK), which account for roughly 75% of the EU-25 population and GDP. The survey was carried out as an enterprise survey: data collection and reporting focus on the enterprise, defined as a business organisation (legal unit) with one or more establishments. Interviews were carried out in January and February 2005. Except for the aeronautics industry, where only 163 company interviews could be realised due to the small universe of firms in this sector in the EU-7, about 560 interviews per sector were conducted. 9 In contrast to the e-Business Surveys 2002 and 2003, the survey of 2005 considered only companies that used computers. Thus, the highest level of the population ("base") was the set of all computer-using enterprises that were active within the national territory of one of the respective countries, and that had their primary business activity in one of the sectors specified by NACE Rev. 1.1 categories. Therefore it makes a difference if a figure represents a percentage of "all companies" (as in 2003) or a percentage of "companies using computers" (as in 2005). Differences are much less pronounced, though, when figures have been weighted by employment. 10 The second important difference between the 2003 and 2005 surveys concerns the configuration of sectors. Three very large sectors (retail, health, business services) that had a major impact on aggregate results in 2003 were not continued in 2005. Instead, another huge sector (construction) was introduced. For these reasons, direct comparisons of aggregate results should be cautiously made and only with explicit reference to these differences. More detailed information about the survey methodology, including information about sampling and the business directories used, the number of interviews conducted in each country and sector, and data on non-response rates, are available in Annex III (Methodology Report) and on the website of the e-Business W@tch. 11 9 10 11 The survey was conducted using computer-aided telephone interview (CATI) technology. Employment-weighted figures should be read as "enterprises comprising x% of employees" in the respective sector (or country). Employment weighting is useful because, due to the significantly greater number of microthan non-micro-enterprises, un-weighted figures would effectively represent mainly the smallest sizes of firms. See www.ebusiness-watch.org/about/methodology.htm where the questionnaire is also available. 18
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