The European e-Business Report The European e ... - empirica

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The European E-Business Report 2005 Exhibit 2.1-4: Anticipated impact of e-business on the F&B industry Forces shaping industry structure New entrants Substitution of products / services Bargaining power of suppliers Bargaining power of customers Rivalry in the market General importance in the sector Low: • New competitors have entered the F&B industry in recent years. Generally speaking there is intra-sectoral mobility, i.e. firms already present in the food and/or beverage industry move into other F&B sectors. New entrants rarely come from other industrial sectors. Medium: • The threat deriving from substitute products has a low overall impact within the F&B industry. The threat is strong at intra-sectoral level and has been further accentuated in recent years. Low: • generally low due to the high level of fragmentation at the supplier end of the chain. High: • Negotiation power of customers is high overall. Over the years the contractual power of modern trade has grown progressively, due to high volume purchases and the process of concentration within the value chains. High: • Current competition is the most important competitive force within the industry. • Strong polarisation in F&B between large firms, often multinationals, and a large number of SMEs, which are generally stronger at the local level. Impact of e-business •• •• •• ••• •••• Impact of ICT and e-business: • = low; •••• = high Examples and arguments ICT has lowered barriers to market entry and encouraged new competitors. This has been possible due to: • E-commerce encouraging the foundation of new firms; • Low access costs to new distribution channels; • Greater speed and ease of access to information; • Ease of finding and purchasing some raw materials. ICT has contributed to increasing the threat of substitute products. Causes of this are linked to: • Decreasing costs of moving from one supplier to another, due to technology; • Increase in customer tendency to change, made possible by the speed and ease of accessing information; • Opportunity to launch substitute products with a better price/service relationship The impact of ICT is ambiguous. • ICT can lead to an optimisation of processes and improve suppliercustomer relations. • However, if the implementation is not successful, supplier negotiation power remains unchanged. E-business impact on customer negotiation power is mixed. • ICT allows the improvement of industry-trade relations and therefore a balance of power relations. • However, industry polarisation has also triggered the further loss of contractual power of SMEs and firms that are less developed from an ICT perspective. Mixed impacts of e-business. Increase in competition due to: • Better cost competitiveness – price pressure; • Increased service levels; • Greater difficulty in maintaining competitive advantage. 75
The European E-Business Report 2005 2.1.5 Policy implications The sector study suggests policy initiatives to promote the adoption of ICT among companies from the F&B industry, particularly among SMEs. Regional intermediaries, such as business support agencies or chambers of commerce, play a critical role as initiators of such initiatives. Policies that can positively affect the adoption and usage of e-business in general include those designed to: • improve, at a general level, the development of infrastructure and the legal and regulatory environment; • create a favourable business environment; • raise awareness about e-business benefits, and improve understanding and managerial skills in e-business. Exhibit 2.1-5: Policy implications of e-business in the F&B industry Objectives Concerns and suggestions Potential initiators General: Promote innovation and e-business uptake in the • Improve infrastructure development • Improve regulatory environment industry • Raise awareness and managerial under-standing of e-business issues Specific: Facilitate participation of smaller companies, including farmers and first processing companies, in increasingly integrated supply chains • Provide information on how to assess cost-benefits of e-business • Support firms in providing staff training on ICT • Encourage SMEs to implement ICT tools supporting key business processes, such as supply chain integration, monitoring and control • Measures aiming at the diffusion of easy-to-use mobile-based applications • EU Member States • Regions • Business support agencies • Competence centres • Chambers of commerce • Business support agencies • Competence centres • Chambers of commerce • EU Member States (via their e-business programmes) 76
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