Transportation Spending by Low-Income California Households ...

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74 Table 5.7 Mode Choice and Vehicle Access Measures for the Low-Income Group, by County Alameda Contra Costa Marin Napa San Francisco San Mateo Santa Clara Solano Sonoma Total Bay Area Commute mode choice (%) Drove alone 50 57 54 58 30 56 62 64 62 53 Carpool 18 21 13 26 9 20 18 21 18 17 Drove or carpooled 68 78 67 84 39 75 79 85 80 70 Bus or trolley bus 11 6 13 2 31 9 8 3 3 12 Streetcar or trolley car 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 Subway or elevated 5 4 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 2 Railroad 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 Ferryboat 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Public transit 17 11 15 3 38 11 9 4 3 15 Bicycle 2 1 2 2 3 1 3 1 2 2 Walked 7 4 8 6 13 6 4 3 7 7 Taxicab 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Motorcycle 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Other method 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 Worked at home 4 4 7 4 5 4 3 5 6 4 Number of low-income workers 92,700 46,469 13,420 9,180 60,844 32,802 89,020 23,205 33,123 400,763 % of Bay Area low-income workers 23 12 3 2 15 8 22 6 8 100 % of households with access to vehicle 71 79 86 84 46 80 82 81 85 73 Average number of vehicles per household 1.10 1.30 1.38 1.39 0.65 1.32 1.42 1.35 1.40 1.18 Number of vehicles per working age adult in household 0.70 0.84 0.97 0.93 0.44 0.83 0.84 0.83 0.92 0.75 SOURCE: Census 2000 Public Use Microdata Sample (Bay Area subsample).
75 Table 5.8 Mode Choice and Vehicle Access Measures for the Higher-Income Group, by County Alameda Contra Costa Marin Napa San Francisco San Mateo Santa Clara Solano Sonoma Total Bay Area Commute mode choice Drove alone 69 72 66 75 42 75 80 76 78 70 Carpool 13 13 11 13 11 12 12 16 11 12 Drove or carpooled 82 84 77 88 53 87 91 92 89 83 Bus or trolley bus 4 1 7 1 20 3 2 1 2 5 Streetcar or trolley car 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 Subway or elevated 5 7 0 0 7 2 0 1 0 3 Railroad 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 Ferryboat 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Public transit 10 9 10 1 30 7 3 2 2 9 Bicycle 1 0 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 1 Walked 2 1 2 3 8 2 1 1 2 3 Taxicab 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Motorcycle 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Other method 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Worked at home 3 4 9 6 5 4 3 3 5 4 Number of higher income workers 580,876 392,279 112,773 48,616 353,409 317,793 736,221 150,802 189,000 2,881,769 % of Bay Area higher income workers 20 14 4 2 12 11 26 5 7 100 % of households with access to vehicle 94 96 97 97 81 96 96 97 97 94 Average number of vehicles per household 1.86 1.99 1.86 1.98 1.27 1.96 2.04 2.10 2.00 1.88 Number of vehicles per working age adult in household 1.03 1.13 1.14 1.17 0.75 1.10 1.08 1.14 1.17 1.05 SOURCE: Census 2000 Public Use Microdata Sample (Bay Area subsample)
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Transportation Spending by Low-Inco
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Foreword Mismatches between jobs an
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Summary Transportation is an import
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Table S.1 Median Annual Transportat
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about 5 to 10 percent of the median
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providing discounted transit fares
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5. COMMUTE BEHAVIOR IN THE BAY AREA
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Figures S.1. Vehicle Ownership and
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4.3. Costs of Illustrative Within-C
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1. Introduction Costs associated wi
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of “welfare-to-work” transporta
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lays out policy options for address
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2. Data and Methods In this report,
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advantage to this approach is that
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3. Transportation Expenditures in M
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Table 3.2 Vehicle Use, Vehicle Owne
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Components of Vehicle-Related Expen
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inspection, and auto club membershi
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income households and the higher-in
Page 45 and 46: eport looks primarily at cost and n
Page 47 and 48: The results from Table 3.5 indicate
Page 49 and 50: variation in transportation costs w
Page 51 and 52: overall household expenditures for
Page 53 and 54: 31 Table 3.9 Transportation Expendi
Page 55 and 56: Table 3.10 Comparison of California
Page 57 and 58: Table 3.11 Comparison of the San Fr
Page 59 and 60: Table 3.10 have lower expenditure f
Page 61 and 62: 4. Costs of Illustrative Bay Area C
Page 63 and 64: 0-300 301-600 601-1100 1101-6813 Ba
Page 65 and 66: Table 4.2 Place of Work Comparison
Page 67 and 68: Concord CONTRA COSTA SAN FRANCISCO
Page 69 and 70: Administration (FHWA) mileage rate
Page 71 and 72: 49 Table 4.3 Costs of Illustrative
Page 73 and 74: participants who took transit or ca
Page 75 and 76: Table 4.4 Costs of Illustrative Wit
Page 81 and 82: commutes is $4,240, whereas the hig
Page 83 and 84: The results from this chapter seem
Page 85 and 86: 5. Commute Behavior in the Bay Area
Page 87 and 88: We also looked at mode choice using
Page 89 and 90: longer for higher-income workers if
Page 91 and 92: Table 5.3 (continued) Low- Income H
Page 93 and 94: Table 5.5 depicts the share of the
Page 95: 73 Table 5.6 Mode Choice and Vehicl
Page 99 and 100: households report having access to
Page 101 and 102: Table 5.9 (continued) % Using Each
Page 103 and 104: • Marin to San Francisco: As with
Page 105 and 106: Table 5.10 Median Commute Durations
Page 107 and 108: 85 Table 5.11 Differences in Mode C
Page 109 and 110: Table 5.13 Mode Choice, Work Schedu
Page 111: trips, make more household-supporti
Page 114 and 115: only expenditures. Paying a given n
Page 116 and 117: improving service quality rather th
Page 119: Part II Policy Strategies and Areas
Page 122 and 123: potential social costs such as poll
Page 124 and 125: • Increasing income directly, to
Page 126 and 127: grants for developments that meet c
Page 128 and 129: make it easier for various entities
Page 130 and 131: pass.” 10 Perhaps discounts could
Page 132 and 133: free transit is most likely not app
Page 134 and 135: have fares based on the time of day
Page 136 and 137: hours for late night and graveyard
Page 138 and 139: credit ratings, assisting with insu
Page 140 and 141: would have paid with traditional au
Page 142 and 143: citizens. Rather, the question shou
Page 144 and 145: Facilitating Bicycling or Walking A
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transportation hubs may be another
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allowing flexibility at the local l
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services, health care, drug treatme
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costs. Efforts to incorporate infor
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are differences) and by looking at
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Dataset Poor Low-Income Higher-Inco
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income, problems common to most hou
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or the Bay Area specifically. We us
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Appendix B Information on Specific
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We also excluded expenditures on bi
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Atlanta: Atlanta, GA MSA Miami: Mia
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147 Table B.1 (continued) CES Metro
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Appendix C Sensitivity Analysis for
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151 Table C.1 (continued) Poor Low-
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transportation expenditures constit
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Appendix D Methods Used for the Exa
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Bibliography American Automobile As
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Implications of Welfare Reform for
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Lucas, M., and C. Nicholson, “Sub
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Progressive Casualty Insurance Comp
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About the Author LORIEN RICE Lorien
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Transportation Spending by Low-Income California Households ...

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