Preface The expedition ARK XIX/3 with the German icebreaking RV ...

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Table of contents The ARK XIX/3 expedition ............................................................................................ 4 A. 1 Itinerary and summary ARK XIX/3 ............................................................. 4 A. 2 Meteorological observations .................................................................... 21 A. 2.1 Weather situation during the cruise leg ARK XIX/3a................................ 21 A. 2.2 Weather situation during the cruise leg ARK XIX/3b................................ 22 A. 2.3 Weather situation during the cruise leg ARK XIX/3c................................ 24 A. 3 The Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) "Victor 6000" ............................. 26 A. 3.1 High resolution seabed mapping with "Victor 6000"................................. 28 A. 4 Cruise leg ARK XIX/3a............................................................................. 31 A. 4.1 Deep-water corals along the Irish continental margin: multidisciplinary studies on the Porcupine Seabight and Porcupine Bank – an introduction ............................................................ 31 A. 4.2 Microbathymetry surveys along deep-water canyons (Gollum Channel) in the Porcupine Seabight ........................................................ 33 A. 4.3 Sedimentary and hydrodynamic processes and interactions in the "Belgica Mound" province, Porcupine Seabight....................................... 44 A. 4.3.1 Introduction to the "Belgica Mound" setting ............................................. 44 A. 4.3.2 Variation in sedimentary facies in the "Belgica mound" area ................... 45 A. 4.3.3 Benthic Faunal Sampling in the Belgica mound province ........................ 50 A. 4.3.4 Influence of mound topography on water masses.................................... 72 A. 4.3.5 Photo lander deployment on the "Galway mound"................................... 74 A. 4.3.6 Influence of hydrodynamics on sedimentary processes: "Belgica mounds" and "Moira mounds".................................................................. 79 A. 4.4 Mound development on the Porcupine Bank: the influence of hydrodynamics on geological and biological processes........................... 83 A. 4.4.1 Introduction to the carbonate mounds on the Porcupine Bank ................ 83 A. 4.4.2 Biogeoprocesses along the "Twin mounds" transect ............................... 87 A. 4.4.3 Biogeoprocesses along the Giant Mound transect................................... 94 A. 4.4.4 Biogeoprocesses along the "Scarp mounds" transects.......................... 104 A. 4.4.5 Biogeoprocesses along the "Hedge mounds" transects ........................ 115 A. 4.4.6 Biological and geological processes shaping the Porcupine Bank north-west margin .................................................................................. 118 A. 4.5 Box-coring suspected carbonate mound targets.................................... 121 A. 4.6 Hydrodynamics and coral communities ................................................. 123 A. 4.7 Water mass properties and intra-province variation............................... 125 A. 4.8 Deep water coral ecology and fisheries impact in the Porcupine Seabight and NW Porcupine Bank......................................................... 130 A. 4.8.1 Living deep-water coral distribution patterns in the Porcupine Seabight and NW of Porcupine Bank..................................................... 130 A. 4.8.2 Alcyonacean forests of Ireland’s continental margin.............................. 131 A. 4.8.3 Scientific Fisheries Echosounder Survey............................................... 140 A. 4.8.4 Fisheries Impact Studies on the Porcupine Seabight and Bank ............ 143 A. 4.9 Modelling biodiversity patterns and dynamics in coral assemblages: a feasibility study............................................................. 147 A. 4.10 Feasibility study on live ROV video transmission................................... 148 - 1 -
B. 1 Cruise leg ARK XIX/3b: An introduction into multidisciplinary investigations on methane fluxes and related processes at the Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano ................................................................... 153 B. 2 Microbathymetry on ROV "Victor 6000" ................................................. 158 B. 3 Geochemistry, geophysics and sedimentology of the Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano .............................................................................. 164 B. 3.1 In-situ temperature measurements at Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano ....... 164 B. 3.1.1 Heat probe measurements down to 3 m depth ...................................... 164 B. 3.1.2 Shallow measurements with mini temperature lance............................. 168 B. 3.1.3 Temperature measurements with long gravity corers ............................ 169 B. 3.2 Physical properties of gravity cores ....................................................... 171 B. 3.3 PARASOUND sediment echosounding ................................................. 175 B. 3.4 Marine Geology...................................................................................... 177 B. 4 Water column investigations above the Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano.................................................................................................. 186 B. 5 Biological investigations at the Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano (HMMV) ................................................................................................. 190 B. 5.1 Geomicrobiology of sediments and bottom waters of the Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano .............................................................................. 190 B. 5.2 Microscale analysis of the surface sediments........................................ 200 B. 5.3 Methane in gas hydrate bearing sediments – turnover rates and microorganisms (MUMM)....................................................................... 212 B. 5.4 Video Mosaicking on Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano ................................. 215 B. 5.5 Mapping of (fish) habitats at the Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano ................ 220 B. 5.6 The macro- and microscale patchiness of meiobenthos associated with the Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano.................................... 224 C. Cruise leg ARK XIX/3c: Interdisciplinary research at the deep-sea long-term station AWI-"Hausgarten" – an Introduction........................... 228 C. 1 Particle flux and phytoplankton .............................................................. 230 C. 2 Geochemical and hydrodynamic investigations at the sedimentwater interface ....................................................................................... 233 C. 3 Sedimentation at the western Svålbard margin ..................................... 236 C. 4 Marine Geology...................................................................................... 242 C. 5 Ice-rafted material in box cores from the eastern Fram Strait ................ 251 C. 6 Debris on the seafloor at “Hausgarten” .................................................. 260 C. 7 Activity and biomass of the small biota .................................................. 263 C. 8 Notes on benthic mega-/epifauna and small-scale habitat diversity in the long-term observation area .......................................................... 263 C. 9 Small- and large-scale distribution of macrobenthic invertebrates......... 266 C. 10 Vertical distribution of benthic fauna in sediments along the water depth gradient........................................................................................ 267 C. 11 Distribution patterns and carbon demand of epibenthic megafauna............................................................................................. 269 C. 12 Temporal variations in the meiobenthos along a bathymetrical gradient (“Hausgarten”, Arctic): impact of climate oscillations ............... 277 C. 13 Biodiversity, molecular phylogeny and trophic ecology of amphipod crustaceans in the polar deep sea: a bipolar comparison ............................................................................................ 281 C. 14 Experimental approaches to study causes and effects of environmental gradients at the deep seafloor ........................................ 285 - 2 -
Page 1: Preface The expedition ARK XIX/3 wi
Page 5 and 6: The ARK XIX/3 expedition A. 1 Itine
Page 7 and 8: positioning and navigation of the "
Page 9 and 10: was followed to obtain video materi
Page 11 and 12: On Friday morning the 20 th of June
Page 13 and 14: Fig. A1-2: The working area of the
Page 15 and 16: "Polarstern" (actual air temperatur
Page 17 and 18: 6000" was still at depth "Polarster
Page 19 and 20: aseline navigation antennae which a
Page 21 and 22: Fig. A1-3: Entire cruise track of R
Page 23 and 24: At end of the leg pressure rising b
Page 25 and 26: The temperatures during the cruise
Page 27 and 28: Most frequent wind direction was so
Page 29 and 30: A. 3.1 High resolution seabed mappi
Page 31 and 32: On the other hand, the accuracy of
Page 33 and 34: The sampling campaign was also unde
Page 35 and 36: Hydrosweep DS2 is installed onboard
Page 37 and 38: Fig. A4.2-2: Normalized backscatter
Page 39 and 40: In addition to the micro bathymetry
Page 41 and 42: ackscatter value of -37.0dB, -38.9d
Page 43 and 44: athymetry and angular backscatter d
Page 45 and 46: A. 4.3 Sedimentary and hydrodynamic
Page 47 and 48: glacial periods. There is also evid
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Visible calcareous fauna removed (b
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Fig. A4.3.3-2 Location of SAMS Phot
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Box Core Sample Log Sheet Station N
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A. 4.3.4 Influence of mound topogra
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A. 4.3.5 Photo lander deployment on
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- UMI data logger controlling a tra
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Fig. A4.3.5-3. Close-up view of the
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Lineated features are present NE of
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CARACOLE Cruise Report 30/07/2001 (
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intermediate nepheloid layers (Dick
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Fig. A4.4.1-2. Location of main stu
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A. 4.4.3 Biogeoprocesses along the
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in the database with the exact posi
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The areas with significant benthic
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predators and strong bottom current
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faunal distribution. Palaentologica
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ocks predate the last glaciation, s
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A. 4.4.6 Biological and geological
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Hovland M, Croker PF, Martin M (199
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Live fauna Sediments Live fauna and
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sites can subsequently be transport
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4) The NSOW has similar water mass
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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 P
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A. 4.8 Deep water coral ecology and
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and video observations made. On ret
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Fig. A4.8.2-2: This orange, planar
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Fig. A4.8.2-4: Feather-shaped alcyo
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Fig. A4.8.2-7: Top left) Yellow alc
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scour or demersal trawling. The gro
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survey at frequencies of 38, 70, 12
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"Belgica mounds" - Porcupine Seabig
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"Twin mounds" - Porcupine Bank 14°
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corals were alive, relatively abund
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Network Setup for Tests The setup f
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are only initial testings and much
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pressure produced as a consequence
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surrounded by elevated sediment fea
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B. 2 Microbathymetry on ROV "Victor
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Pitch correction Due to assembling
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Maps Complete area Håkon Mosby Mud
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B. 3 Geochemistry, geophysics and s
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Heat Flow HMMV 2m # # # # # # # # #
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Lat_dec. Lon_dec Name k T_0m PS64/s
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Temperature / Gravity Corer # GC9 #
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Table B3.2-1: Technical specificati
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Sound velocity: As the cores all co
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Fig. B3.3-1: Display of a 4 km long
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sediment cores varies between 166 t
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Fig. B3.4-1b: Lithological descript
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Fig. B3.4-1d: Lithological descript
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Fig. B3.4-1f: Lithological descript
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hydrotroilite and gas hydrate, this
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As an example, a echo sounder image
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B. 5 Biological investigations at t
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- How much methane is oxidized aero
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profiler). Bottom water samples hav
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the water column was measured using
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1 kg of tubeworms in wet weight. Th
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B. 5.2 Microscale analysis of the s
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Laboratory measurements Central sit
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O2, CO3-- (mM) Beggiatoa mats, 30/0
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Photograph of the sulfide oxidising
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Central area No measurements could
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the temperature profile showed adve
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B. 5.3 Methane in gas hydrate beari
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The deployments covered 3 (5) diffe
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flows at the Håkon Mosby Mud Volca
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The quality of the mosaics depends
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[2] Vincent AG, Pessel N, Borgetto
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References Milkov, A., Vogt, P., Ch
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ROV "Victor 6000" The ROV "Victor 6
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has spent in organising the coring
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A multiple corer was used to retrie
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At the position of the moorings a C
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Micro profiles of O 2 but also of p
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The current regime luff and lee sid
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2° 3° 4° N2 5° PS64/481 PS64/48
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station IRD archive liner bulk x-ra
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C. 4 Marine Geology Kukina, N. Majo
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2° 3° 4° 5° 6° PS64/481 79°20
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Appendix 1: List of samples for fut
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- 250 -
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material via the Transpolar Drift t
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ounding processes as well. One poss
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The most frequent rock type is sand
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Eastern Greenland, Iceland and Scan
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C. 6 Debris on the seafloor at “H
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Results A summary of the results is
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enthic community are of crucial imp
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frame showed no obvious colonisatio
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subsamples (area of 400 - 800 cm 2
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using shipboard techniques - provid
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Tab C11-1: Stationlist of in situ m
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Tab. C11-2: In-situ measurements of
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Tab. C11-2: In-situ measurements of
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Climate models predict that global
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90 mean copepod densities/ 10 cm 2
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- Molecular phylogeny and phylogeog
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Species Stations Tmetonyx sp.1 326-
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was used to terminate and sample th
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openings of 45° at both sides the
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Station Date Time PositionLat Posit
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E. Participating institutes / compa
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Acronym Participants iSiTEC GmbH IS
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F. Participants F. 1 Participants A
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F. 2 Participants ARK XIX/3b Armand
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F. 3 Participants ARK XIX/3c Bauerf
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