Coastal Construction Manual - National Ready Mixed Concrete ...
Coastal Construction Manual - National Ready Mixed Concrete ...
Coastal Construction Manual - National Ready Mixed Concrete ...
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GLOSSARY<br />
Volume I<br />
Risk tolerance – Some owners are willing and able to assume a high degree of financial and other risks,<br />
while other owners are very conservative and seek to minimize potential building damage and future costs.<br />
Riverine SFHA – The portion of the Special Flood Hazard Area mapped as Zone AE and where the<br />
source of flooding is riverine, not coastal.<br />
Roof deck – Flat or sloped roof surface not including its supporting members or vertical supports.<br />
S<br />
Sand dunes – Under the <strong>National</strong> Flood Insurance Program, natural or artificial ridges or mounds of<br />
sand landward of the beach.<br />
Scour – Removal of soil or fill material by the flow of flood waters. Flow moving past a fixed object<br />
accelerates, often forming eddies or vortices and scouring loose sediment from the immediate vicinity of<br />
the object. The term is frequently used to describe storm-induced, localized conical erosion around pilings<br />
and other foundation supports, where the obstruction of flow increases turbulence. See also Erosion.<br />
Seawall – Solid barricade built at the water’s edge to protect the shore and prevent inland flooding.<br />
Setback – For the purpose of this <strong>Manual</strong>, a State or local requirement that prohibits new construction<br />
and certain improvements and repairs to existing coastal buildings in areas expected to be lost to shoreline<br />
retreat.<br />
Shearwall – Load-bearing wall or non-load-bearing wall that transfers in-plane lateral forces from lateral<br />
loads acting on a structure to its foundation.<br />
Shoreline retreat – Progressive movement of the shoreline in a landward direction; caused by the<br />
composite effect of all storms over decades and centuries and expressed as an annual average erosion rate.<br />
Shoreline retreat is essentially the horizontal component of erosion and is relevant to long-term land use<br />
decisions and the siting of buildings.<br />
Single-ply membrane – Roofing membrane that is field-applied with one layer of membrane material<br />
(either homogeneous or composite) rather than multiple layers. The four primary types of single-ply<br />
membranes are chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE) (Hypalon), ethylene propylene diene monomer<br />
(EPDM), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO).<br />
Siting – Choosing the location for the development or redevelopment of a structure.<br />
Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) – Under the <strong>National</strong> Flood Insurance Program, an area having<br />
special flood, mudslide (i.e., mudflow), or flood-related erosion hazards, and shown on a Flood Hazard<br />
Boundary Map or Flood Insurance Rate Map as Zone A, AO, A1-A30, AE, A99, AH, V, V1-V30, VE, M,<br />
or E. The area has a 1 percent chance, or greater, of flooding in any given year.<br />
Start of construction (for other than new construction or substantial improvements under the <strong>Coastal</strong><br />
Barrier Resources Act) – Under the <strong>National</strong> Flood Insurance Program, date the building permit was<br />
issued, provided the actual start of construction, repair, reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition placement,<br />
or other improvement was within 180 days of the permit date. The actual start means either the first<br />
placement of permanent construction of a structure on a site such as the pouring of slab or footings,<br />
G-14 COASTAL CONSTRUCTION MANUAL