Coastal Construction Manual - National Ready Mixed Concrete ...

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2 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE is tasked with evaluating the performance of buildings and related infrastructure in response to the effects of natural and man-made hazards. The teams conduct field investigations at disaster sites; work closely with local and State officials to develop recommendations for improvements in building design and construction; and prepare recommendations concerning code development, code enforcement, and mitigation activities that will lead to greater resistance to hazard events. This chapter summarizes coastal flood and wind events that have affected the United States and its territories since the beginning of the twentieth century. The lessons learned regarding factors that contribute to flood and wind damage are discussed. 2.2 <strong>Coastal</strong> Flood and Wind Events This section summarizes major coastal flood and wind events in the United States from 1900 to 2010. Many of these events have led to changes in building codes, regulations, mapping, and mitigation practices. The map and timeline in Figure 2-1 provide a chronological list of the major coastal flood and wind events in combination with the major milestones resulting from the events. They show the evolution of coastal hazard 1982/83 WA ME MT 1997/98 ND GREAT LAKES MN VT OR NORTH NH WI ATLANTIC ID 1940 SD NY MA 1964 WY 1986 1951 CTRI MI 1985 1991 2004/05 1996/97 1973 1991 PA 1938 IA NE NV NJ 1985 1982/83 1987 IN OH MD 1984 MID-ATLANTIC UT DE Events on this map correspond CO to the timelines in this figure. 1992 1962 1997/98 IL WV The timeline includes information on how VA KS some of these events 1972 CA MO 2003 influenced regulations, building codes, and building practices. KY 1989 1988 NC TN PACIFIC AZ OK 1999 NM AR AL 1988 SC MS 1996 1979 1998 GA 2004 1989 TX LA SOUTH ATLANTIC 2001 1969 FL 1995 1965 2004 1900 2005 1983 1970 2008 GULF OF MEXICO 1964 2004 1926 ALASKA 1992 1975 1989 1995 U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS CARIBBEAN 1989 1995 1998 PUERTO RICO 1992 1960 2009 AMERICAN HAWAII SAMOA HAWAII & U.S. PACIFIC TERRITORIES 1997 GUAM Hurricane/ Typhoon Tsunami Other Storm Figure 2-1. Map and timeline of significant coastal flood and wind events, and milestones for regulations, building codes, and building practices 2-2 COASTAL CONSTRUCTION MANUAL
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 2 Figure 2-1 (continued). Map and timeline of significant coastal flood and wind events, and milestones for regulations, building codes, and building practices COASTAL CONSTRUCTION MANUAL 2-3
Page 1 and 2: Coastal Construction Manual Princip
Page 3 and 4: All illustrations in this document
Page 5 and 6: 1 CHAPTER TITLE COASTAL CONSTRUCTIO
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS Volume I 2.2.7 Pacific Coa
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS Volume I Chapter 4. Siting
Page 11 and 12: CONTENTS Volume I List of Figures C
Page 13 and 14: CONTENTS Volume I Figure 3-11. Figu
Page 15 and 16: CONTENTS Volume I Figure 3-53. Typi
Page 17 and 18: CONTENTS Volume I List of Tables Ch
Page 19 and 20: 1 INTRODUCTION International (BOCA)
Page 21 and 22: 1 INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY: DESIGN
Page 23 and 24: 1 INTRODUCTION be indicated once th
Page 25 and 26: 1 INTRODUCTION systems, application
Page 27 and 28: 1 INTRODUCTION Zone V. Portion of t
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Page 35 and 36: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 2 2.2.2 Mid-
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Page 41 and 42: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 2 High winds
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Page 51 and 52: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 2 corrosion
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Page 59 and 60: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 2 FEMA (Fede
Page 61 and 62: 1 CHAPTER TITLE COASTAL CONSTRUCTIO
Page 63 and 64: IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 few thousandt
Page 65 and 66: IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 Figure 3‐3.
Page 67 and 68: IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 shoreline are
Page 69 and 70: IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 Table 3‐1.
Page 71 and 72: IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 Coastal storm
Page 73 and 74: IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 Figure 3‐7.
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 the other haz
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 Figure 3‐15
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 Land uplift i
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 3.3.4.7 Wildf
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 3.4.3 Waves W
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 3.4.4 Flood
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 one of erosio
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 Erosion durin
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 of the inlet
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 3.5.2.3 Erosi
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 and groundwat
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 3.5.2.5 Local
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 3.6.2 Flood I
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 Building code
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 For a coastal
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 3.7.1 Determi
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 A USACE Engin
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 In 2007, FEM
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IDENTIFYING HAZARDS 3 Jarrell, J.D.
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1 CHAPTER TITLE COASTAL CONSTRUCTIO
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SITING 4 4. Either proceed with the
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SITING 4 The geographic region or
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SITING 4 Table 4‐1. General Infor
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SITING 4 In the absence of current
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SITING 4 information should be comb
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SITING 4 evaluate a site for its su
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SITING 4 Table 4‐2. Planning and
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SITING 4 Figure 4‐13. Comparison
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SITING 4 Figure 4‐15. Problematic
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SITING 4 Figure 4‐18. Coastal lot
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SITING 4 Figure 4‐20. Three 2-yea
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SITING 4 4.6.1 Building on Lots Clo
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SITING 4 Figure 4‐24. Beach erosi
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SITING 4 The projects can provide p
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SITING 4 Tuttle, D. 1987. “A Smal
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5 INVESTIGATING REGULATORY REQUIREM
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5-22 COASTAL CONSTRUCTION MANUAL Ta
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FUNDAMENTALS OF RISK ANALYSIS AND R
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ACRONYMS Volume I CFR CRS CZM CZMA
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ACRONYMS Volume I NAVD NBC NEHRP NF
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Volume I GLOSSARY Coastal A Zone -
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Volume I GLOSSARY DFE is identical
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Volume I GLOSSARY Flood Insurance S
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Volume I GLOSSARY Interior mechanic
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Volume I GLOSSARY Metal roof panel
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Volume I GLOSSARY Pressure-treated
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Volume I GLOSSARY the installation
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Volume I GLOSSARY V Variance - Unde
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Volume I INDEX Coastal A Zone, 1-10
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Volume I INDEX Effects of shore pro
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Volume I INDEX Siting consideration
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Volume I INDEX Coastal A Zone) Term
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Volume I INDEX Channelized flow, 3-
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Volume I INDEX U Uplift (land) (see
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FEMA P-55 Catalog No. 08352-1
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