Experimental Study of Biodegradation of Ethanol and Toluene Vapors

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Biomass (g/L),and toluene gas outlet (mg/L) 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 biomass Cgout, mg/L 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 Time, h Figure 4-15. Continuous removal of toluene-ethanol mixture from a polluted air stream by Pseudomonas putida at a dilution rate of 0.1h -1 , 25.0°C, air flow rate of 0.4 L/min, and at ethanol inlet concentration of 15.9 mg/L and toluene inlet concentration of 4.5 mg/L 72
Substrate and biomass concentrations, g/L 1.4 2 1.2 1 1.5 0.8 0.6 1 0.4 0.5 0.2 0 0 95 105 115 125 Toluene gas outlet, mg/L Time, h ethanol benzyl alcohol biomass acetic acid toluene Cgout, mg/L Figure 4-16. Continuous removal of toluene-ethanol mixture from a polluted air stream at a dilution rate of 0.1 h -1 and ethanol inlet concentration of 15.9 mg/L with toluene inlet concentration of 5.8 mg/L 4.4.4 Toluene-benzyl alcohol Bioremediation Prior to continuous bioremediation of benzyl alcohol and toluene, cultures were started in batch mode with an initial benzyl alcohol concentration of 1.0 g/L to obtain an initial high population of biomass for the continuous bioremediation studies. The medium was added to the reactor at 150 mL/h (dilution rate of 0.1 h -1 ), benzyl alcohol was added at a feed rate of 0.12 g/h using a syringe pump, and the air flow rate was set at 0.4 L/min. When the benzyl alcohol feed rate was 0.12 g/h and toluene inlet concentrations were 4.5 and 5.7 mg/L (toluene loadings of 72 and 91 mg/L-h, total loadings of 152 and 171 mg/L-h), conditions reached steady state and the 73
Page 1 and 2:
BIOREMEDIATION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC
Page 3 and 4:
ABSTRACT The mass transfer of ethan
Page 5 and 6:
effect on the growth of P. putida.
Page 7 and 8:
ACKNOWLEDGMENT Of the countless peo
Page 9 and 10:
TABLE OF CONTENTS PERMISSION TO USE
Page 11 and 12:
4.3 Batch Growth on Ethanol and Ben
Page 13 and 14:
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3-1. Schemat
Page 15 and 16:
Figure 5.3 (b) Simulation of ethano
Page 17 and 18:
Figure 5-16. Continuous removal of
Page 19 and 20:
NOMENCLATURE a - Interfacial area,
Page 21 and 22:
CHAPTER ONE - INTRODUCTION 1.1 Air
Page 23 and 24:
esults (van Groenestijn and Hesseli
Page 25 and 26:
experimental results are presented
Page 27 and 28:
Table 2.2 VOC Emissions in the U.S.
Page 29 and 30:
(paint shop effluents, for instance
Page 31 and 32:
combustion provides 70 to 90% air p
Page 33 and 34:
used to degrade ethanol vapours and
Page 35 and 36:
g m -3 . This would suggest that th
Page 37 and 38:
treatment, This excessive biomass f
Page 39 and 40:
The simultaneous degradation of tol
Page 41 and 42: emoves only water-soluble gases. Wa
Page 43 and 44: 2.2.6 Pseudomonas It is well known
Page 45 and 46: 2.3.2 Growth Models with Inhibition
Page 47 and 48: where µ is the total specific grow
Page 49 and 50: 2.4.1 Batch Reactor In a batch reac
Page 51 and 52: discharged from the other end. The
Page 53 and 54: element solution consisted of (gram
Page 55 and 56: growth on ethanol, 20-48 hours for
Page 57 and 58: Gas phase samples of toluene were c
Page 59 and 60: Inlet sampler Exit sampler To fume
Page 61 and 62: Once the oxygen meter indicated a s
Page 63 and 64: centrifuged and the supernatant was
Page 65 and 66: where k L a is the volumetric mass
Page 67 and 68: Figure 4-2a shows ethanol liquid co
Page 69 and 70: coefficient (k L a) in the well-mix
Page 71 and 72: calculated by dividing the gas volu
Page 73 and 74: Average bubble diameter, mm 8 7 6 5
Page 75 and 76: Bioflow III bioreactor. Equation (4
Page 77 and 78: 3.5 y=Ln(S0/S) 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 y = 12
Page 79 and 80: Ethanol and biomass concentration,
Page 81 and 82: 4.3.2 Batch Growth on Benzyl Alcoho
Page 83 and 84: Biomass and benzyl alcohol concentr
Page 85 and 86: ethanol loading was beyond the maxi
Page 87 and 88: Table 4-2. Comparison of bioremedia
Page 89 and 90: Biomass, benzyl alcohol and toluene
Page 91: 4.4.3 Toluene-ethanol Bioremediatio
Page 95 and 96: Biomass and benzyl alcohol concentr
Page 97 and 98: Biomass and benzoic acid concentrat
Page 99 and 100: ethanol. These results clearly indi
Page 101 and 102: CHAPTER FIVE - MATHEMATICAL MODELIN
Page 103 and 104: The stoichiometry of the biomass sy
Page 105 and 106: synthesis and in the ethanol catabo
Page 107 and 108: 1 max Y ex = − 0.635 + 2δ + K 3
Page 109 and 110: Biomass Eq.5-18 Benzyl Alcohol Eq.5
Page 111 and 112: r x r N -1.27 -1 0 1 0 0 -0.2 0 0 2
Page 113 and 114: φ = −θ b ⋅ν (5-31) φ b = 1.
Page 115 and 116: The data sets used to evaluate the
Page 117 and 118: Figures 5.4a and 5.4b present 95% c
Page 119 and 120: Ethanol and biomass concentration (
Page 121 and 122: Ethanol measured (C-mol/L) 0.3 0.25
Page 123 and 124: Figures 5.5 (a-d) demonstrate the s
Page 125 and 126: Benzyl alcohol and biomass concentr
Page 127 and 128: Benzyl alcohol measured (C-mol/L) 0
Page 129 and 130: x = 5 ∑ i= 1 x N i (5-40) where x
Page 131 and 132: ethanol in a steady state mode is l
Page 133 and 134: where ν 1 , ν 2 , ν 3, ν 4 are
Page 135 and 136: Biomass concentration, g/L 1.5 1 0.
Page 137 and 138: φ T =ν 4 (5-53b) φx = −ν 1 (5
Page 139 and 140: In this study, a metabolic model ha
Page 141 and 142: Equations (5-34) and (5-35) and the
Page 143 and 144:
ATP 1 = Y max ATP r x + m ATP ⋅ C
Page 145 and 146:
Ethanol, biomass and ammonium conce
Page 147 and 148:
Figure 5-13a shows that the lower t
Page 149 and 150:
Biomass, substrate concentrations,
Page 151 and 152:
C e DKe = (5-63) μ − D m Equatio
Page 153 and 154:
corresponds with the value associat
Page 155 and 156:
Biomass and ethanol concentrations
Page 157 and 158:
than 4.0 mg/L at all dilution rates
Page 159 and 160:
Biomass, benzyl alcohol and ammonia
Page 161 and 162:
negligible ( y out , e = 0) , and e
Page 163 and 164:
Figure 5-17 shows the results at a
Page 165 and 166:
Biomass Concentrations, g/L 3.5 3 2
Page 167 and 168:
C x ( 1 max Q max = ⋅{ D( Cb0 −
Page 169 and 170:
1.2 g/L, the system could not be op
Page 171 and 172:
The continuous models can capture a
Page 173 and 174:
• Air stripping coefficients obta
Page 175 and 176:
Toluene acts as an inhibitor on the
Page 177 and 178:
Bruining, W. J., G. E. H. Joosten,
Page 179 and 180:
Falatko, D. M., and J. T. Novak, 19
Page 181 and 182:
Keuning, S., and D. Jager, 1994.
Page 183 and 184:
Orshansky, F., and N. Narkis, 1997.
Page 185 and 186:
Togna, A. P, M. Singh, 1994. “Bio
Page 187 and 188:
APPENDIX A. Important Metabolic Pat
Page 189 and 190:
III. Toluene Pathway (Adapted from
Page 191 and 192:
Appendix B. Calibration Procedure a
Page 193 and 194:
Figure B-2. Pseudomonas putida (ATC
Page 195 and 196:
Appendix B-3. Calibration of Chemic
Page 197 and 198:
Appendix B-4. Calibration of Toluen
Page 199 and 200:
Appendix C. Experimental Results: A
Page 201 and 202:
Probe response time, s 12 10 8 6 4
Page 203 and 204:
Appendix C-2. Fed-batch Operation B
Page 205 and 206:
Appendix D: Mathematical Solutions
Page 207 and 208:
The microscopic model allows the fo
Page 209 and 210:
13δ Y o , = 0.585 2 x = (D-24) (8K
Page 211 and 212:
2 σ = −1.3E − 06 (E-11) Y xe Y
Page 213:
Biomass, ethanol, and acetic acid c
show all

Experimental Study of Biodegradation of Ethanol and Toluene Vapors

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?