A Review of FBI Security Programs

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integrity, as well as their professional skills. A separate determination is made on security questions. Suitability and security issues are reviewed in different entities, the Administrative Services Division for the former and the National Security Division for the latter. Before October 1, 2001, the investigation, adjudication, and clearance process operated as described below. After October 1, the FBI began to implement a series of changes in its personnel security programs. We support these efforts, but believe that the Bureau must fully acknowledge structural weaknesses in the program it is attempting to revamp before it can be successfully modified. Applicants The Bureau Applicant Employment Unit (BAEU) in the Administrative Services Division administers the applicant program and makes suitability determinations. Special Agent and support personnel applicants submit applications to field offices and must complete skill tests, drug tests, and polygraph examinations before background investigations are initiated. Field offices conduct Personal Security Interviews and “scope” applicant cases for investigative coverage, that is, they determine the extent of the investigation necessary. The scoping is forwarded to the Background Investigation Contract Service at Headquarters, which distributes the work among Special Investigators, who conduct an investigation described later in this section. When field work, name traces, and record checks have been completed, a BAEU analyst determines the applicant’s suitability for employment. If an applicant is found suitable, the case is sent to the Personnel Security Unit (PSU) in the National Security Division for clearance adjudication. On-Board Personnel -56-
The PSU is also responsible for administering the reinvestigation program for FBI employees. A 1994 inspection found that the FBI reinvestigation process, which consisted of a file review, local record checks, and credit report review, was not in compliance with Intelligence Community standards. The reinvestigation process now includes full-field background investigations back to the time of the last investigation. Polygraph testing became a component of reinvestigations after Hanssen’s arrest. Before Hanssen’s arrest, PSU handled reinvestigations and clearance adjudications for all employees. Since then, problematic reinvestigations, particularly cases involving employees who hold particularly sensitive positions or have access to Sensitive Compartmented Information, are diverted to the Analytical Integration Unit, created in response to Hanssen’s arrest to provide deeper analysis to cases posing heightened security issues. Personnel Security Assistants scope the re-investigative work and send leads to field offices where record checks, Personal Security Interviews, and polygraph examinations are conducted. The Background Investigation Contract Service conducts the background investigation. Completed investigative reports are sent for adjudication to Personnel Security Specialists, who do not have investigative experience and receive only on-the-job training. The specialists rely on adjudication guidelines that summarize relevant Executive Orders and Director of Central Intelligence Directives. The analysis underlying adjudications is often superficial. Non-FBI Personnel The Industrial Security Unit (ISU) within the National Security Division adjudicates security clearances for a wide range of non-FBI personnel, such as task-force members, contractors, chaplains, and private attorneys, who need access to facilities or classified information. -57-
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U.S. Department of Justice A Review
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Commission for the Review of FBI Se
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Contents Executive Summary ........
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The Commission for the Review of FB
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in FBI security programs that will
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Unlike other Intelligence Community
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INTRODUCTION I could have been a de
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un by an officer in the Soviet mili
Page 17 and 18: establishment, U.S. penetration of
Page 19 and 20: operatives he had exposed as double
Page 21 and 22: Hanssen was indicted on twenty-one
Page 23 and 24: een transferred to FBI Headquarters
Page 25 and 26: Gardens. The rebellious colonies di
Page 27 and 28: Furthermore, in spite of Hanssen’
Page 29 and 30: others.” In calling for the estab
Page 31 and 32: have discovered in FBI security pro
Page 33 and 34: The following is a compressed compi
Page 35 and 36: I. Security Investigations And Adju
Page 37 and 38: DOCUMENT SECURITY I. Classified Na
Page 39 and 40: of Central Intelligence Directives
Page 41 and 42: II. The Office of Security Should D
Page 43 and 44: INFORMATION SYSTEMS SECURITY (INFOS
Page 45 and 46: Robert Hanssen’s espionage demons
Page 47 and 48: een filled, the persons assigned of
Page 49 and 50: with the preliminary damage assessm
Page 51 and 52: FBI was investigating him. 13 While
Page 53 and 54: focus. 14 As a result of inadequate
Page 55 and 56: in unrestricted administrative case
Page 57 and 58: On October 3, 2001, an Electronic C
Page 59 and 60: senior FBI officials responsible fo
Page 61 and 62: percent of the amount sought. 16 Th
Page 63 and 64: information security policies that
Page 65 and 66: PERSONNEL SECURITY I think that [my
Page 67: The Commission conducted a detailed
Page 71 and 72: Unit for new applicants, the Person
Page 73 and 74: various elements is spread througho
Page 75 and 76: addressed. These interviews are ess
Page 77 and 78: identified, these individuals can b
Page 79 and 80: overextended and potentially at ris
Page 81 and 82: The FBI’s polygraph program was i
Page 83 and 84: awareness programs relating to poly
Page 85 and 86: DOCUMENT SECURITY Security was lax
Page 87 and 88: Much of Robert Hanssen’s espionag
Page 89 and 90: Room. In the same year, the FBI Mai
Page 91 and 92: Given the ubiquity of ACS, Headquar
Page 93 and 94: (SCI). Before being given access to
Page 95 and 96: eceived in the wake of recent terro
Page 97 and 98: under minimum security controls. Th
Page 99 and 100: carriers receive timely security cl
Page 101 and 102: with the true scope of improper act
Page 103 and 104: SECURITY STRUCTURE . . . [I]f I had
Page 105 and 106: In general, we found serious weakne
Page 107 and 108: executive will ensure constant focu
Page 109 and 110: technical security countermeasures.
Page 111 and 112: Eighty-five percent of those office
Page 113 and 114: months training in investigations,
Page 115 and 116: accounts cancelled. A six-hour secu
Page 117 and 118: Unfortunately, reporting to securit
Page 119 and 120:
security violations should be subje
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and training. -106-
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Robert Hanssen’s treachery is hei
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Glossary of Acronyms Acronym ACS AD
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Acronym GSR HERU HIT HCS HQ HUMINT
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Acronym OPM OPR OPSEC ORCON OSI OST
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COMMISSION CHARTER
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time equivalent government personne
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WILLIAM H. WEBSTER, the Commission
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