title of the thesis - Department of Geology - Queen's University

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$Fayek & Kyser 2000 uraninite fractionations.pdf - Queen's University$

on the 7680 Level but parallel features are mapped, including a tectonic foliation and veining. The shear zone is described in Vale Inco mapping as strongly biotitic and up to 3 m wide. This shear is not ore controlling and is parallel other shears in the 118 Shear System and to the Murray- Creighton Splay fault. 2.3.5 Return Air Raise Shear Zone The Return Air Raise Shear Zone is observed on Levels 7400, 7530 and 7680. The shear zone strikes N244° and dips 85° to the NW (Fig. 2.5). On the 7400 Level, The Return Air Raise Shear Zone occurs as a series of closely set, parallel, brittle joints in a zone 40 cm wide. The shear zone is divided at the base of the drift and straddles massive sulphides. One strand of the shear zone is expressed as a 5 cm wide ultramylonite zone that forms a more cohesive and sharp boundary with both ore and footwall rocks. Wall rock within a few metres of the shear zone is brecciated and hosts a stockwork of carbonate veins. Although rock exposure is covered on the 7530 Level, the shotcrete (Fig. 2.9A) and concrete pad (Fig. 2.9B) is damaged by cracks that align with the strike of the Return Air Raise Shear Zone. In thin section, the Return Air Raise Shear Zone contains variably-sized biotite, chlorite, lesser amounts of quartz and minor amounts of plagioclase, some with sericite alteration. In some locations minor amphibole and calcite occur. The strong foliation is defined by preferentially oriented quartz and chlorite (Fig. 2.9C, D). Calcite pressure shadows occur on larger amphibole grains. Quartz ribbons with sub-grain boundaries are also oriented along foliation, which is defined by elongate biotite and chlorite. Quartz grains contain many sub-grain boundaries. No sense-of-shear was ascertained from hand sample or thin section, nor is a sense-of-shear for this shear zone reported in previous studies. 24
Figure 2.9: (A) Photograph of the cracked concrete pad floor along the Return Air Raise Shear Zone on 7530L; tip of boots for scale; (B) cracked shotcrete on wall of 7530L, same location as A; (C) thin section of shear zone fabric on 7680L; (D) thin section of shear zone fabric on the 7400 Level. Bt, biotite; Cal, calcite; Chl, chlorite; Qtz, Quartz. 25
Page 1 and 2: THE INFLUENCES OF STRESS AND STRUCT
Page 3 and 4: esulting in increased stress to the
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents Abstract.........
Page 7 and 8: 4.6.1 Fracture Reactivation........
Page 9 and 10: List of Figures Figure 1.1: Locatio
Page 11 and 12: Figure 3.23: Preliminary stress inv
Page 13 and 14: Figure B11: Events between Jan 1, 2
Page 15 and 16: List of Tables Table 2.1: Geologica
Page 17 and 18: Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Backgrou
Page 19 and 20: Figure 1.1: Location of Sudbury and
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 2 Geological Assessment of
Page 23 and 24: ack breccia and sediments later dep
Page 25 and 26: Murray Fault, the principal fault o
Page 27 and 28: 2.2 Local Geology of Creighton Mine
Page 29 and 30: B West East B’ Figure 2.4B: Longi
Page 31 and 32: Table 2.2: Fault systems within the
Page 33 and 34: Table 2.3: Summary of Fault Charact
Page 35 and 36: Figure 2.6: (A) Damage to shotcrete
Page 37 and 38: Figure 2.7: (A) The 1290 Shear Zone
Page 39: Figure 2.8: Images of (A) the 400-E
Page 43 and 44: Figure 2.10 (A) Shear foliation, in
Page 45 and 46: Figure 2.11: Thin sections of the F
Page 47 and 48: (Fig. 2.12B). Reduction of quartz g
Page 49 and 50: 2.3.11 Late-Stage Fractures The you
Page 51 and 52: overprinting (Cochrane, 1991; Couls
Page 53 and 54: Table 2.4: Summary of Proterozoic t
Page 55 and 56: Both of these inferred stress direc
Page 57 and 58: are, at this time, in the process o
Page 59 and 60: Microseismic events of this subset
Page 61 and 62: 3.2.1.2 Seismic Energy (E o ) and S
Page 63 and 64: 3.2.1.4 Stress Parameters Stress pa
Page 65 and 66: located events were removed from cl
Page 67 and 68: Figure 3.7: Detected seismicity cor
Page 69 and 70: Table 3.1: Event characteristics in
Page 71 and 72: Table 3.3: Summary of relevant para
Page 73 and 74: ) Damage Zone The rock mass in the
Page 75 and 76: quadrants of dilatation and compres
Page 77 and 78: Figure 3.12: Lower hemisphere equal
Page 79 and 80: mechanism shows that over 57% of th
Page 81 and 82: Figure 3.16: Classification of prin
Page 83 and 84: Figure 3.18: Contoured P-axis, B-ax
Page 85 and 86: Figure 3.20: Distribution of double
Page 87 and 88: This parameter reflects the magnitu
Page 89 and 90: Figure 3.23: Preliminary stress inv
Page 91 and 92:
Figure 3.25: Equal area stereonet s
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Figure 3.27: (A) Maximum principal
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4.2 Numerical Methods Phase 2 and U
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Stress-strain relationships are use
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Rock mass failure is governed by th
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Figure 4.5: (A) Model for tectonic
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The zero cohesion and low friction
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Figure 4.9: Model of yielding for C
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Figure 4.11: Model of differential
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Figure 4.14: Model of maximum stres
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stress field model. There is little
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clustering are indications of rock
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Figure 4.23: Contoured domains of s
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Figure 4.24: Fracture initiation th
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seismic Cluster 1, which correspond
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contains energetic events and is no
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preferentially oriented fracture pl
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methodologies employed are of value
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References Alcott, J. M., Kaiser, P
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Galkin, V., Mungall, J. (2005). Str
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Mungall, J. E., & Hanley, J. J. (20
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Appendix A Geological Maps and Samp
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A.2 Level Plans with Sample Locatio
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Figure A3: 7400 Level, modified for
Page 139 and 140:
Figure A5: 7680 Level, modified for
Page 141 and 142:
Figure A7: 7940 Ramp, modified from
Page 143 and 144:
MICROSEISMIC EVENTS Source Radius A
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2006 Event Frequency with Depth 600
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B.2 Spatial Distribution of Seismic
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Figure B11: Events between Jan 1, 2
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Cluster 1 Source Radius Asp. Radius
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Seismic Moment 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0
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143 Peak Velocity Parameter -2.5 -2
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B.4.2 Temporal Distribution of Clus
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147 Static Stress Drop 5.0 5.5 6.0
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B.4.3 Temporal Distribution of Clus
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151 Static Stress Drop 4.0 4.5 5.0
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Frequency-Magnitude Relation for Cl
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P-axis B-axis T-axis 155 Fault Plan
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P-axis B-axis T-axis Fault Plane 1
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Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
D.1.1: Case 1 Models Figure D1: Cas
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Figure D3: Case 1, elastic models s
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A B C D Figure D5: Case 1, plastic
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A B C D Figure D7: Case 1, plastic
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D.1.2: Case 2 Models A B C D Figure
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D.1.3: Case 3 Models A B C Figure D
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D1.4 Tectonic Loading Models Figure
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D.2 Discussion of Phase 2 Models El
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Staged models were created in which
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Figure D17 (A) Elastic model showin
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Figure D19 (A) Elastic model showin
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• Similar damage zones surroundin
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; ;================================
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change jmat=1 range 0,1564.64 0,156
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crack (845.579,718.676) (787.063,57
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;===plum=== crack (0,355.2371429) (
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crack (866.14,726.44) (838.2,737.61
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crack (838.2,737.616) (815.848,771.
Page 215 and 216:
crack (815.848,771.144) (815.848,78
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;===== define sub block ===========
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E.9 S3:S1 Model for fracture reacti
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yval= abs(z_syy(zi)) xyval= abs(z_s
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and rearranged to , (Equation F4) .
Page 225:
Such that , (Equation F19) I is the
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title of the thesis - Department of Geology - Queen's University

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